Summary
Summary Mass spectrometry
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Drug design and mechanisms of drug action - 1st semester Includes bullet points, key diagrams and images
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Mass SpectrometryMS
Measures mass to charge ratio (m/z)
Biotechnology- analyse proteins and peptides
Pharmaceuticals- drug discovery and drug metabolism
Clinical- haemoglobin analysis and drug testing
Measure mass of molecule as an ion (most cation but sometimes anion)
Large Biomolecules
Mass accuracy of 0.01% of the total mass
Can detect minor mass changes like amino acids
Small Organic Molecules
Mass of molecule can be measured within an accuracy of 5ppm (0.0005%) so can confirm
molecular formula
Structural information generated by fragmentation
MS Instruments
Ion source- ionises sample in gas phase
Mass analyser- sorts ions by mass using
electromagnetic field
Detector- measures indicator quantity and calculates
abundance
Need a vacuum so ions don’t collide
Ionisation- electron impact (EI) harsh, electrospray
ionisation (ESI soft), chemical ionisation (CI soft) or
MALDI (large molecules)
Electrospray Ionisation
MS used as a detector in
chromatography
Problem- need to remove huge excess
of matter used into LC and GC
GC evolved to use narrow capillary
tube
LC is more difficult as it creates huge
volumes of gas which must be
removed
ESi Spectrum
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