Portage Learning Anatomy & Physiology
II: Module 7 Exam Question and answer
100% correct 2023
True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters. - correct answer false
A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the T5 level, with no spinal cord
injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? - correct
answer No, the kidneys lie between the T-12 and L-3
Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal fascia. - correct answer The outer
renal fascia is dense fibrous connective tissue which keeps the kidney in place inside
the abdominal cavity.
Name the layer and the parts of the nephrons located in the region highlighted in green,
below. - correct answer Located within the cortex are the glomerular capsule and the
distal and proximal convoluted tubule sections of the nephrons.
These arteries flow in between the renal pyramids. - correct answer A. Afferent
B. Lobar
C. Interlobular
D.Arcuate
E. Correct Answer Interlobar
F. Renal
After filtration occurs, next blood travels into these vessels. - correct answer A.
Correct! Efferent arteriole
B. Lobar veins
C. Interlobular veins
D. Arcuate artery
E. Interlobar vein
F. Vasa recta
Name the region in the diagram below, indicated by the red arrow. - correct answer
DCT (Distal convoluted tubule)
Which of the following is false about the location of the bladder? - correct answer A. In
males, the bladder is anterior to the rectum.
B. In females, the bladder is posterior to the uterus.
C. In females, the bladder is in between the rectum and the uterus.
D. In males, the bladder is above the prostate gland.
Correct! E. B&C are false
F. A&D are false
, Describe the purposes of the urethral sphincters. - correct answer ● The involuntary-
controlled internal urethral sphincter is located near the bladder and keeps the urethra
closed to prevent urine from leaving the bladder.
● The voluntary-controlled external urethral sphincter, composed of skeletal muscle,
surrounds the urethra as it passes through the pelvic floor.
A patient was just placed under general anesthesia. He is now awake and telling you he
is having a hard time excreting urine. What is most likely causing the difficulty? - correct
answer A. Incontinence due to stroke
B. Incontinence due to dementia
C. Urinary retention due to spinal cord injury
D. Bladder outlet obstruction
E. Correct! Urinary retention due to slowed detrusor muscle
This region of the male urethra exits the body. - correct answer A. Correct! Spongy
B. Prostatic
C. Membranous
D. Ejaculatory duct
E. Ureters
What causes the extremely high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries? - correct
answer The afferent arteriole, which is fed by the interlobular artery, is much larger in
diameter than the efferent arteriole. The difference in diameter causes an extremely
high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
Micturition can be controlled consciously because of: - correct answer A. Voluntary
control over the internal sphincter
B. Involuntary control over the internal sphincter
C. Correct! Voluntary control over the external sphincter
D. Involuntary control over the external sphincter
E. Voluntary control over the visceral reflex arc
F. None of the above: micturition cannot be voluntarily controlled
This is the pressure that depends upon a person's blood pressure from the heart and
vessels: - correct answer A. Colloid osmotic pressure
B. Capsular pressure
C. Net filtration pressure
D. Glomerular filtration rate
E. Correct! Hydrostatic pressure
Calculate the net filtration pressure for your patient given the following values. Show
your work. (Not all values listed may be used).
- Colloid osmotic pressure = 25
- Capsular pressure= 15
- Hydrostatic pressure = 50
II: Module 7 Exam Question and answer
100% correct 2023
True or False: The bladder drains into the ureters. - correct answer false
A person sustained blunt force trauma to the back at the T5 level, with no spinal cord
injury. Would you suspect the kidneys to be damaged? Why or why not? - correct
answer No, the kidneys lie between the T-12 and L-3
Describe the consistency and purpose of the renal fascia. - correct answer The outer
renal fascia is dense fibrous connective tissue which keeps the kidney in place inside
the abdominal cavity.
Name the layer and the parts of the nephrons located in the region highlighted in green,
below. - correct answer Located within the cortex are the glomerular capsule and the
distal and proximal convoluted tubule sections of the nephrons.
These arteries flow in between the renal pyramids. - correct answer A. Afferent
B. Lobar
C. Interlobular
D.Arcuate
E. Correct Answer Interlobar
F. Renal
After filtration occurs, next blood travels into these vessels. - correct answer A.
Correct! Efferent arteriole
B. Lobar veins
C. Interlobular veins
D. Arcuate artery
E. Interlobar vein
F. Vasa recta
Name the region in the diagram below, indicated by the red arrow. - correct answer
DCT (Distal convoluted tubule)
Which of the following is false about the location of the bladder? - correct answer A. In
males, the bladder is anterior to the rectum.
B. In females, the bladder is posterior to the uterus.
C. In females, the bladder is in between the rectum and the uterus.
D. In males, the bladder is above the prostate gland.
Correct! E. B&C are false
F. A&D are false
, Describe the purposes of the urethral sphincters. - correct answer ● The involuntary-
controlled internal urethral sphincter is located near the bladder and keeps the urethra
closed to prevent urine from leaving the bladder.
● The voluntary-controlled external urethral sphincter, composed of skeletal muscle,
surrounds the urethra as it passes through the pelvic floor.
A patient was just placed under general anesthesia. He is now awake and telling you he
is having a hard time excreting urine. What is most likely causing the difficulty? - correct
answer A. Incontinence due to stroke
B. Incontinence due to dementia
C. Urinary retention due to spinal cord injury
D. Bladder outlet obstruction
E. Correct! Urinary retention due to slowed detrusor muscle
This region of the male urethra exits the body. - correct answer A. Correct! Spongy
B. Prostatic
C. Membranous
D. Ejaculatory duct
E. Ureters
What causes the extremely high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries? - correct
answer The afferent arteriole, which is fed by the interlobular artery, is much larger in
diameter than the efferent arteriole. The difference in diameter causes an extremely
high blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries.
Micturition can be controlled consciously because of: - correct answer A. Voluntary
control over the internal sphincter
B. Involuntary control over the internal sphincter
C. Correct! Voluntary control over the external sphincter
D. Involuntary control over the external sphincter
E. Voluntary control over the visceral reflex arc
F. None of the above: micturition cannot be voluntarily controlled
This is the pressure that depends upon a person's blood pressure from the heart and
vessels: - correct answer A. Colloid osmotic pressure
B. Capsular pressure
C. Net filtration pressure
D. Glomerular filtration rate
E. Correct! Hydrostatic pressure
Calculate the net filtration pressure for your patient given the following values. Show
your work. (Not all values listed may be used).
- Colloid osmotic pressure = 25
- Capsular pressure= 15
- Hydrostatic pressure = 50
