Cosmetology State Board Practice Test (146 questions)

Corrugations - Answer- Nail disorder - Horizontal wavy ridges caused by uneven growth due to illness or injuries. Furrows - Answer- Nail disorder - vertical lines down the nail plate caused by nutrition, injury or illness. Leuconchia - Answer- White spots on the nail caused by injury to the base of the nail Onychorrhexis - Answer- Split or brittle nails caused by injury, careless filing, vitamin deficiencies, illness, and frequent exposure to strong chemicals. Hang Nails - Answer- Caused by dry cuticle and carlessness in removing the cuticle Onychomycosis Unguium - Answer- Nail fungus caused by a parasite. very contagious Onychocryptosis - Answer- Ingrown nail caused by filing the nail too much, or tight fitting shoes. Verruca - Answer- Warts caused by infectious virus Onycholysis - Answer- lifting of the nail without shedding 5 Basic Nail Shapes - Answer- squoval, round, oval, pointed, square Toner - Answer- used on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors after decoloring Conditioning filler - Answer- protein conditioner that will equalize porosity and fill the holes Color filler - Answer- used to replace the missing primary colors Oxidative - Answer- Demi- permenant and permenant color Non-oxidative color - Answer- temporary - physical change only. Semi-permanent. Double process blonde - Answer- decolorizing and toning What affects lightener working time? - Answer- Melanin - the more there is the longer the process. Scalp processes faster because of body heat Lift - Answer- lightening by breaking up the melanin to decolorize hair Deposit - Answer- means that product only deposits color because it does not contain ammonia or high alkalinity necessary to lift developer - Answer- oxidizing agent H2O2 when mixed with ammonia it will break up the melanin and give ability to lift or lighten Semi-permanent color - Answer- non-oxidative, temporary color, stains cuticle, fades in each shampoo. Demi-permanent color - Answer- oxidative, deposit only, deepens or changes the tone Permanent color - Answer- lightens and deposits at the same time. more alkaline ingredients, penetrates the cortex, can't shampoo out Primary colors - Answer- Red, Blue, Yellow Brown - Answer- unequal combo of primary color Black - Answer- Equal parts of primary colors Warm tones - Answer- red, orange, yellow Cool tones - Answer- blue, green, violet Neutral tones - Answer- perfect combo of both cool and warm tones Eumelanin - Answer- Brown to black pigments Pheomelanin - Answer- Red to yellow pigments Coarse texture - Answer- largest diameter, greatest amount of melanin, processing time and lift is affected medium texture - Answer- has a balance of melanin, typically no problems Fine texture - Answer- smallest diameter, least amount of melanin, more susceptible to darker drabber results, more prone to damage Alkaline Wave - Answer- AKA cold waves - ammonium thioglycolate (thio and ammonia). ph - 9.0-9.6, no tension, solution causes hair to swell, processes at RT Acid Wave - Answer- AKA heat waves- glycerol monothioglycolate. ph - 7.8-8.2. will requi