IOP4862 COMPLETE
SUMMARISED EXAM NOTES
2023.
, lOMoARcPSD|15424936
Question 1 a.
Definition of POB:
The term positive organisational behaviour (POB) was coined and defined by Luthans as “the
study and application of positive oriented human resource strengthsand
psychological(resource) capacitiesthat can be measured, developed, and effectively managed
for performance improvement in today’s workplace”.
The following operational criteria must be met:
Based on theory and research
Valid measures
Unique concepts
Open to development
Managed for performance development
EQ
Emotional intelligence (EI) is the capacity for understanding and managing one’s own and
others’ emotions.
Emotion is best described as how a person feels about something.
Emotions are object-specific, not a trait, and distinct from the terms “affect” and “moods”.
1. Both personality traits (e.g. extraversion/neuroticism) and mood states (either positive or
negative) influence emotional processing.
2. Each of the primary types of emotionsis evident in the workplace. Positive primary
emotions include love/affection, happiness/joy and surprise, and negative primary emotions
include fear, sadness, anger, disgust and shame.
3. Bouncing back “capacity” involves flexibility, adjustment, adaptability and continuous
responsiveness to change and uncertainty that could otherwise represent a source of
psychological strain and challenge one’s wellbeing in the long term.
Like emotion, intelligence has played a major role in psychology but has been virtually
ignored in studies of organisational behaviour.
1. Alfred Binet (Luthans, 2008) created a written test to measure the intelligence quotient
(IQ) nearly a hundred years ago. His test measured two dimensions: mathematical/logical
and verbal/linguistic intelligence.
, lOMoARcPSD|15424936
2. Howard Gardner’s (Luthans, 2008) theory of multiple intelligences significantly expanded
the framework developed by Binet. Gardner identified seven multiple intelligences (MIs):
logical/mathematical; verbal/linguistic; interpersonal; intrapersonal; visual/spatial; musical;
and bodily/kinaesthetic. IOP4862/201/0/2016.
, lOMoARcPSD|15424936
3. Ability refers to the natural aptitudes and learned capabilities needed to accomplish a task
successfully.
a. While both physical and mental/intellectual/cognitive abilities are recognised for jobs, the
vast majority of jobs today are more concerned with cognitive abilities.
b. Research indicates that general mental ability (GMA) tests are the best personnel selection
and job training predictor of overall job performance.
4. Psychologist and journalist Daniel Goleman (Luthans, 2008) popularised the emotional
intelligence (EI) construct.
a. EI and IQ are distinct concepts, but not necessarily opposites. While IQ is considered
largely inherited and fixed, EI is largely learned and continues to develop throughout one’s
life.
b. Goleman identified five dimensions of EI in the workplace:
½ mark if student only name the dimensions.
Self-awareness: self-understanding; knowledge of true feelings
SUMMARISED EXAM NOTES
2023.
, lOMoARcPSD|15424936
Question 1 a.
Definition of POB:
The term positive organisational behaviour (POB) was coined and defined by Luthans as “the
study and application of positive oriented human resource strengthsand
psychological(resource) capacitiesthat can be measured, developed, and effectively managed
for performance improvement in today’s workplace”.
The following operational criteria must be met:
Based on theory and research
Valid measures
Unique concepts
Open to development
Managed for performance development
EQ
Emotional intelligence (EI) is the capacity for understanding and managing one’s own and
others’ emotions.
Emotion is best described as how a person feels about something.
Emotions are object-specific, not a trait, and distinct from the terms “affect” and “moods”.
1. Both personality traits (e.g. extraversion/neuroticism) and mood states (either positive or
negative) influence emotional processing.
2. Each of the primary types of emotionsis evident in the workplace. Positive primary
emotions include love/affection, happiness/joy and surprise, and negative primary emotions
include fear, sadness, anger, disgust and shame.
3. Bouncing back “capacity” involves flexibility, adjustment, adaptability and continuous
responsiveness to change and uncertainty that could otherwise represent a source of
psychological strain and challenge one’s wellbeing in the long term.
Like emotion, intelligence has played a major role in psychology but has been virtually
ignored in studies of organisational behaviour.
1. Alfred Binet (Luthans, 2008) created a written test to measure the intelligence quotient
(IQ) nearly a hundred years ago. His test measured two dimensions: mathematical/logical
and verbal/linguistic intelligence.
, lOMoARcPSD|15424936
2. Howard Gardner’s (Luthans, 2008) theory of multiple intelligences significantly expanded
the framework developed by Binet. Gardner identified seven multiple intelligences (MIs):
logical/mathematical; verbal/linguistic; interpersonal; intrapersonal; visual/spatial; musical;
and bodily/kinaesthetic. IOP4862/201/0/2016.
, lOMoARcPSD|15424936
3. Ability refers to the natural aptitudes and learned capabilities needed to accomplish a task
successfully.
a. While both physical and mental/intellectual/cognitive abilities are recognised for jobs, the
vast majority of jobs today are more concerned with cognitive abilities.
b. Research indicates that general mental ability (GMA) tests are the best personnel selection
and job training predictor of overall job performance.
4. Psychologist and journalist Daniel Goleman (Luthans, 2008) popularised the emotional
intelligence (EI) construct.
a. EI and IQ are distinct concepts, but not necessarily opposites. While IQ is considered
largely inherited and fixed, EI is largely learned and continues to develop throughout one’s
life.
b. Goleman identified five dimensions of EI in the workplace:
½ mark if student only name the dimensions.
Self-awareness: self-understanding; knowledge of true feelings
