An Sci 200 (Exam 1) Questions and Complete Solutions

The United States has a total of ___ million pet animals - 356 What is the most common companion animal? - 139 million fresh-water fish What is the order of popularity for companion animal species? - 1. Freshwater fish (139 million) 13% of homes 2. Cats (90 million) 34% of homes 3. Dogs (73 million) 40% of homes 4. Small animals (18 million) 5% of homes 5. Birds (16 million) 6% of homes 6. Reptiles (11 million) 4% of homes 7. Marine fish (9 million) .7% of homes 8. Horses (5.2 million) 4% of homes __% of homes have one or more pets (69 million homes) - 63% Which size dog is most common? - Small dogs (36%) Large dogs (35%) Medium dogs (29%) Average __ dogs per household - 1.7 Average __ cats per household - 2.4 Average __ birds per household - 2.6 What is the most common type of bird owned? - Parakeets -- 45% (34% cockatiels) (11% finches) (7% parrots) (5% lovebirds) (3% doves) (2% cockatoos) # of pets in Germany - Human population: 82 million Pet population (excluding fish) 21.5 Million # of pets in Japan - Human population: 127 million Pet Population: 19.3 million # of pets in Australia - Human Population: 20 million Pet population: 28.9 million # of pets in U.K - Human population: 60 million Pet population: 43 million Where does the largest sum of money go? - Feed. $14.2 billion ($8.2 billion on vet care) ($8.1 billion on supplies) ($2.3 billion on grooming & boarding) ($1.6 billion on live animals) Carolus Linnaeus - Swedish monk () developed a system of classification, divided things by differences, grouped by similarities, mostly on visual characteristics binomial system of classification - Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species Orcanettes virilis I - Species of crayfish native to eastern US and southeast Canada. Under stones in lakes, streams and wetlands Chordata - Subphylum: Vertebrata Classes: (3 classes) Fish Amphibia --Frogs etc Reptilia -- Snakes, turtles, lizards Aves -- Birds Mammalia -- Mammals Mammalia orders - Rodentia, Lagomorpha, Insectivora, Primata, Carnivora Scientific Method - A hypothesis is proposed. Predict future events or results of other tests on the basis of that hypothesis. Eventually, hypothesis may become theory It is still 'falsifiable' though it has been tested many times and is well-accepted What is "Science?" - Essential characteristics: -Guided by natural law -Has to be explanatory by reference to natural law -Testable against the observable world -Conclusions are tentative (not necessarily the final word) -Falsifiable (according to U.S. district court judge william overton 1982) Creationism - Cannot be tested. Is not falsifiable. Intelligent Design - -Blend of evolution and creationism -Admits that evolution is occurring -Says things are too complex to occur by chance -Still suffers from the same distinction from science Comments of Evolution - -Individuals can't evolve -Evolution isn't a simple planned event --natural variation is present --outside influences can affect reproductive rate of certain variants, so population chances over time What is the phylum of fish? - Chordata (have backbone.) Belong to 3 different classes Class Agnatha - Jawless fish--Generally act as parasite. ex: lamprey Class Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fish. ex: shark. skeleton but not hard bone Can sharks be in a home aquarium? - Generally too large, but bamboo shark is possible with large tank. Bamboo shark - 3.5 ft long, minimum 200 gal aquarium. Carnivorous Class Osteichthyes - Most fish. Bony fish