Chapter 3 Communication and Collaboration
Communication and Collaboration
Communication
Interaction between two or more people
Sender
Receiver
Verbal Communication
Verbal o Spoken and written o Tone, volume, and
cadence of voice What cultural differences might the
nurse encounter?
What is an example of a communication barrier?
How does developmental level affect verbal
communication?
Nonverbal Communication
o Body movement
o Appearance o
Personal space o
Touch
Patient-Centered Care
o Improves communication o Promotes
patient involvement in care o Creates
positive relationships with nurse o Results
in treatment compliance o Include
patients/family in collaboration o Respect
cultural differences
,Evidence-Based Practice
Children and adolescents with cancer
o Use communication strategies
Mentally ill patients o Information and technology
promotes compliance
Cancer patients o Effective communication helps reduce
psychological stress
Older adults o Establish interpersonal
connections
Printed materials o Results in
behavioral changes
❖ Collaborate and communicate o Ensures appropriate exchange of information and coordination of
care
Safety Guidelines
Establishing the Nurse-Patient Relationship Skill 3-1
o Goal of therapeutic communication: to promote wellness and personal growth in patients o
When is personal self-disclosure appropriate?
Nurse-Patient Relationship
❖ What does empathy mean?
❖ Why are open-ended questions useful?
❖ Describe components of the three phases that characterize the nurse-patient relationship:
o Orientation o
Working o
Termination
Delegation and Collaboration
❖ The skill of establishing therapeutic communication cannot be delegated to nursing assistive
personnel (NAP)
,❖ The nurse directs NAP about:
• Proper interaction
• Patient confidentiality
• Arrangement of the environment
• Special considerations
Recording and Reporting
Special Considerations
❖ Teaching
• Use gestures, pictures, role playing
• Individualize patient teaching
❖ Pediatric
• Understand child’s feelings and thought processes
• Use age-appropriate communication techniques
❖ Gerontological o Be aware of impairment o Avoid stereotyping
❖ Home care
o Adjust techniques for patient’s primary caregiver o
Incorporate communication into daily activities
Communicating with Patients Who Have Difficulty Coping Skill 3-2
❖ Goal: help patient decrease/manage ineffective coping through effective communication
❖ Four stages of anxiety
• Mild, moderate, severe, panic
❖ Anger de-escalation ❖ Depression
Delegation and Collaboration
❖ The skill of communicating with an anxious patient cannot be delegated to NAP ❖ The nurse
instructs NAP about:
• Needed communication skills for anxious or depressed patients
• Their role when the nurse uses de-escalation techniques
• Safety measures
Recording and Reporting
, Special Considerations
❖ Teaching
• Identify sources of anxiety
• Identify contributing factors to angry outbursts
• Coping skills for anger
• Identify sources of depression ❖ Pediatric
• Anxiety signs are physical/behavioral
• Set limits for inappropriate behavior
• Symptoms of depression are different than adults
❖ Gerontological
• Anxiety is common
• Socially isolated adults are more likely to be anxious/depressed
• Higher suicide risk
❖ Home care
• Anticipation of home care visit can increase patient anxiety
• Personal nurse safety
• Manage depression based on presenting behaviors
Communicating with a Cognitively Impaired Patient Skill 3-3
❖ Goal: communicate with cognitively impaired patients creatively and clearly to ensure that messages
are sent and received
❖ Types of cognitive impairment
• Acute
• Chronic
Delegation and Collaboration
❖ De-escalation is a skill that cannot be delegated to NAP ❖
The nurse instructs NAP about:
• Proper communication skills to interact with the cognitively impaired patient
• Signs and symptoms of cognitive impairment
Recording and Reporting
Communication and Collaboration
Communication
Interaction between two or more people
Sender
Receiver
Verbal Communication
Verbal o Spoken and written o Tone, volume, and
cadence of voice What cultural differences might the
nurse encounter?
What is an example of a communication barrier?
How does developmental level affect verbal
communication?
Nonverbal Communication
o Body movement
o Appearance o
Personal space o
Touch
Patient-Centered Care
o Improves communication o Promotes
patient involvement in care o Creates
positive relationships with nurse o Results
in treatment compliance o Include
patients/family in collaboration o Respect
cultural differences
,Evidence-Based Practice
Children and adolescents with cancer
o Use communication strategies
Mentally ill patients o Information and technology
promotes compliance
Cancer patients o Effective communication helps reduce
psychological stress
Older adults o Establish interpersonal
connections
Printed materials o Results in
behavioral changes
❖ Collaborate and communicate o Ensures appropriate exchange of information and coordination of
care
Safety Guidelines
Establishing the Nurse-Patient Relationship Skill 3-1
o Goal of therapeutic communication: to promote wellness and personal growth in patients o
When is personal self-disclosure appropriate?
Nurse-Patient Relationship
❖ What does empathy mean?
❖ Why are open-ended questions useful?
❖ Describe components of the three phases that characterize the nurse-patient relationship:
o Orientation o
Working o
Termination
Delegation and Collaboration
❖ The skill of establishing therapeutic communication cannot be delegated to nursing assistive
personnel (NAP)
,❖ The nurse directs NAP about:
• Proper interaction
• Patient confidentiality
• Arrangement of the environment
• Special considerations
Recording and Reporting
Special Considerations
❖ Teaching
• Use gestures, pictures, role playing
• Individualize patient teaching
❖ Pediatric
• Understand child’s feelings and thought processes
• Use age-appropriate communication techniques
❖ Gerontological o Be aware of impairment o Avoid stereotyping
❖ Home care
o Adjust techniques for patient’s primary caregiver o
Incorporate communication into daily activities
Communicating with Patients Who Have Difficulty Coping Skill 3-2
❖ Goal: help patient decrease/manage ineffective coping through effective communication
❖ Four stages of anxiety
• Mild, moderate, severe, panic
❖ Anger de-escalation ❖ Depression
Delegation and Collaboration
❖ The skill of communicating with an anxious patient cannot be delegated to NAP ❖ The nurse
instructs NAP about:
• Needed communication skills for anxious or depressed patients
• Their role when the nurse uses de-escalation techniques
• Safety measures
Recording and Reporting
, Special Considerations
❖ Teaching
• Identify sources of anxiety
• Identify contributing factors to angry outbursts
• Coping skills for anger
• Identify sources of depression ❖ Pediatric
• Anxiety signs are physical/behavioral
• Set limits for inappropriate behavior
• Symptoms of depression are different than adults
❖ Gerontological
• Anxiety is common
• Socially isolated adults are more likely to be anxious/depressed
• Higher suicide risk
❖ Home care
• Anticipation of home care visit can increase patient anxiety
• Personal nurse safety
• Manage depression based on presenting behaviors
Communicating with a Cognitively Impaired Patient Skill 3-3
❖ Goal: communicate with cognitively impaired patients creatively and clearly to ensure that messages
are sent and received
❖ Types of cognitive impairment
• Acute
• Chronic
Delegation and Collaboration
❖ De-escalation is a skill that cannot be delegated to NAP ❖
The nurse instructs NAP about:
• Proper communication skills to interact with the cognitively impaired patient
• Signs and symptoms of cognitive impairment
Recording and Reporting
