Chapter 27--Vascular Dysfunction: Nursing Management

1. Which of the following should the nurse instruct a client in order to reduce the risk factors for developing arteriosclerosis? 1. Limit diet to contain less than 40% fat 2. Restrict exercise 3. Stop smoking 4. Avoid prescription medications ANS: 3 To reduce the risk for arteriosclerosis, the nurse should instruct the client to stop smoking. The diet should be limited to less than 30% of fat. Exercise should be encouraged. Prescription medications are often prescribed for clients with symptoms of arteriosclerosis. PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis: Planning and Implementation: Goals 2. The nurse is concerned that an elderly client has evidence of arteriosclerosis since the client’s capillary refill is greater than: 1. 3 seconds. 2. 4 seconds. 3. 5 seconds. 4. 6 seconds. ANS: 3 Elderly patients have a greater capillary refill time due to aging. Capillary refill greater than 5 seconds is significant. Capillary refill in non-elderly clients should be 3 seconds. Capillary refill in a nonelderly client of 4 seconds would be an abnormal finding. Capillary refill of 6 seconds for all clients is an abnormal assessment finding. PTS: 1 DIF: Analyze REF: Arteriosclerosis and Atherosclerosis: Assessment with Clinical Manifestations 3. When instructing a client on ways to lower his cholesterol levels, which of the following should the nurse include? 1. Eat more meat and eggs. 2. Consume less meat and eggs. 3. Incorporate more vegetables. 4. Limit fruits. ANS: 2 Cholesterol is located in animal sources, so decreasing meat and eggs will lower cholesterol levels. The client should not be instructed to eat more meat and eggs. Vegetables and fruits do not impact the cholesterol level. PTS: 1 DIF: Apply REF: Arterioscleros