NHA EKG Certification Study Guide

NHA EKG Certification Study Guide 2023 SA Node Ans- What is the heart's primary pacemaker? Occlusion Ans- What is a more medically correct term for the clotting of an artery? P Wave Ans- When the Atria depolarize (or contract), what is shown on the EKG tracing? Heart to the Right Arm Ans- aVR picks up from the center of the ___ to the ___ ___. (Add "to the" in your answer.) Sinus Arrhythmia Ans- An irregular heartbeat that is common among children is called _____ _____. 1 mm Ans- 1 small box on an EKG strip denotes 0.04 seconds of time. How long is this represented in millimeters? Right Arm to the Left Arm Ans- Lead I picks up from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___. (Add "to the" in your answer.) Cardiac Output Ans- What is the term used to described the amount of blood pumped by the heart per minute? Standard Leads Ans- Leads I through III are collectively known as? Right Arm to the Left Leg Ans- Lead II picks up from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___. (Add "to the" in your answer.) Precordial Leads Ans- Leads V1 through V6 are collectively known as (Hint: Chest) Aorta Ans- What is the main artery in the arterial system? (Hint: It carries oxygenated blood to the heart and other parts of the body.) Heart to the Left Arm Ans- aVL picks up from the center of the ___ to the ___ ___. (Add "to the" in your answer.) Augmented Leads Ans- aVR, aVL, and aVF are collectively known as? Left Arm to the Left Leg Ans- Lead III picks up from the ___ ___ to the ___ ___. (Add "to the" in your answer.) Grounding Ans- Leg electrodes are only used for? Heart to the Left Leg Ans- aVF picks up from the center of the ___ to the ___ ___. (Add "to the" in your answer.) Superior Vena Cava Ans- What is the main vein in the venous system? (Hint: It carries deoxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart's right atrium.) AV Node Ans- When the heart is in a Systolic State, what pacemaker releases an electrical impulse? V4 and V6 Ans- V5, located on the anterior axillary line (AAL), should be placed halfway between which two leads? Bicuspid Valve Ans- The Mitral Valve is also known as the ___ ___. QRS Complex Ans- When the Ventricles depolarize (or contract), what is shown on the EKG tracing? Systolic Ans- When using a Sphygmomanometer (Blood Pressure Cuff) to measure blood pressure, the FIRST audible thump when listening to the brachial artery with a Stethoscope denotes what kind of pressure? Second Ans- The Angle of Louis provides the LOCATION for which intercostal space? (Write out the number) Ischemia Ans- When clotting reduces oxygen supply to a region of the heart it is known as _____. PR Segment Ans- When the Atria repolarize (or are at rest), what is shown on the EKG tracing? False Ans- True or False? You should stop a stress test because of a change of heart rhythm. Aortic Valve Ans- What is missing in this outline of Pulmonary Circulation? 1) RA (Right Atrium) 2) Tricuspid Valve 3) RV (Right Ventricle) 4) Pulmonary Valve 5) Pulmonary Arteries (Right/Left) 6) Lungs 7) Pulmonary Veins (Right/Left) 8) LA (Left Atrium) 9) Mitral Valve 10) LV (Left Ventricle) 11) _____ 12) Aorta Angle of Louis Ans- What is formed by the manubrium and the body of the sternum and helps in electrode placement? Right Ans- V1 is placed in the 4th intercostal space and is located on which side of the sternum? Atrial Rate Ans- The distance between P wave to P wave can be used to calculate what kind of rate? (2 words) Equation = 1500 / (distance b/w P waves)(# of boxes b/w P waves) *OR* 300 / # of big boxes b/w P waves V4 Ans- Which lead should be placed just below the nipple, in the 5th intercostal space on the midclavicular line (MCL)? Sinus Arrest Ans- What arrhythmia is associated with the skipping of heartbeats on an EKG tracing? (2 words) Right Ans- Which side of the sternum would you place V2 if the patient had dextrocardia? V2 and V4 Ans- V3 should be placed halfway between which two leads? Midaxillary Ans- V6 is placed along the same horizontal plane as V4 and on the _____ line. (Hint: MAL) Junctional Rhythm Ans- The presence of an inverted or absent P wave indicates what type of arrhythmia? (Hint: 2 words) 1500 mm Ans- 1 minute of an EKG strip is equivalent to how many millimeters in length? QT Interval Ans- A full cycle of Ventricles in action is shown as what on the EKG tracing Angina Ans- What is a more medically correct term for chest pain? True Ans- True or False? Systemic circulation refers to the part of the circulatory system in which the blood leaves the heart, services the body's cells, and then re-enters the heart. ST Segment Ans- When the Ventricles remain depolarized (or contracted), what is shown on the EKG tracing? 60 and 100 Ans- The normal human heart rate is between ___ and ___ bpm. Ischemia Ans- An Inverted T Wave is an indicator for what type of arrhythmia? Ventricular Rate Ans- The distance between R wave to R wave can be used to calculate what kind of rate? (2 words) Equation = 1500 / (distance b/w R waves)(# of boxes b/w R waves) *OR* 300 / # of big boxes b/w R waves Sinus Tachycardia Ans- What arrhythmia is associate with having a heart rate of over 100/min? (2 words) Alveoli Ans- Oxygen/Carbon Dioxide exchange takes place in the _____ of the lungs. Baseline Ans- When 4 chambers of the heart are at rest, what is shown on the EKG tracing? Myocardial Infarction Ans- An Elevated ST Segment is an indicator for what type of arrhythmia? T Wave Ans- When the Ventricles repolarize (or are at rest), what is shown on the EKG tracing? Sinus Bradycardia Ans- What arrhythmia is associated with having a heart rate of under 60/min? (2 words) Augmented Voltage Ans- What does the aV in such leads as aVR, aVL and aVF stand for? 12 Ans- What is the standard number of leads in EKG tracing? SA Node Ans- When the heart is in a Diastolic State, what pacemaker releases an electrical impulse? Arteries Ans- What blood vessels contain a pulse? PR Interval Ans- A full cycle of Atria in action is shown as what on the EKG tracing? Diastolic Ans- When using a Sphygmomanometer (Blood Pressure Cuff) to measure blood pressure, the LAST audible thump when listening to the brachial artery with a Stethoscope denotes what kind of pressure? 120/70 Ans- The average normal blood pressure is around ___/___. Radial Artery Ans- What are you feeling for in a patient's wrist to find out their heart rate? Myocardial Infarction Ans- In cardiology, what does M.I. stand for? False Ans- True or False? Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) is between 70/min and 120/min. Bundle of His Ans- What is missing in this outline of the Cardiac Conduction System? 1) SA Node 2) Internodal Circuit 3) AV Node 4) ______ 5) Bundle Branches (Left/Right) 6) Purkinje Fibers Left Ventricle Ans- What chamber of the heart has the thickest myocardium? False Ans- True or False? A patient that has fallen asleep will interfere with EKG testing. True Ans- True or False? A Q wave is always negative. Atrial Flutter Ans- What arrhythmia is associated with sawtooth waves between QRS complexes? Fourth Ans- The Angle of Louis provides the REFERENCE for finding which intercostal space? (Write out the number) Spike Ans- When an Artificial Atrial Pacemaker is captured on EKG tracing, there is a _____ followed by a QRS complex. Potassium Ans- If U waves are shown on EKG tracing, what type of vitamin deficiency is present? Semi-Fowler's Position Ans- A patient undergoing an EKG that begins to have a shortness of breath should be moved to what position? High-Fowler's, Fowler's, or Semi-Fowler's position?