NURS 500 ALL IN ONE TEST BANK

NURS 500 ALL IN ONE TEST BANK.A nurse with considerable clinical expertise develops a policy for managing agitated patients in the emergency department. The resultant policy emanates from a. Abstract reasoning b. Concrete thinking c. Logistic reasoning d. Reality testing ANS: A Abstract reasoning is oriented toward the development of an idea without application to, or association with, a particular instance. Concrete thinking is oriented toward and limited by tangible things or by events that are observed and experienced in reality. Logistic reasoning is used to break a whole into parts that can be carefully examined. Reality testing is used to validate what is observed in the empirical world. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 7 7. A nurse with considerable clinical expertise develops a policy for managing agitated patients in the emergency department. The type of reasoning the nurse uses to do this is _____ reasoning. a. Problematic b. Operational c. Logistic d. Inductive ANS: D Inductive reasoning involves reasoning that moves from the specific to the general, whereby particular instances are observed and then combined into a larger whole or general statement. Problematic reasoning involves (1) identifying a problem and factors influencing it, (2) selecting solutions to the problem, and (3) resolving the problem. Operational reasoning involves the identification of and discrimination among many alternatives and viewpoints. Logistic reasoning is used to break the whole into parts that can be carefully examined, as the relationships among the parts can also be. DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: Page 7 8. What is the best explanation of intuition that forms a legitimate source of knowledge in nursing? a. It is based on knowledge thoroughly incorporated into thought but seldom articulated. b. It is based on a gift from the universe and should be honored when it arrives. c. It is never inaccurate. d. It is a revisiting of old knowledge, accompanied by deep reflection. ANS: A Intuition is the revisiting of old knowledge accompanied by deep reflection. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 5 9. Why is operational reasoning necessary for research? a. Abstract concepts are of no use to nursing. b. Standard interventions are obtained from operational reasoning. c. It allows the researcher to measure the concepts studied. d. It facilitates the researcher’s rapport with families. ANS: C Operational reasoning involves the identification of and discrimination among many alternatives and viewpoints. It focuses on the process (debating alternatives) rather than on the resolution. Nurses use operational reasoning to develop realistic, measurable health goals. Thus, operational reasoning takes abstract concepts and makes them focused, concrete, and, therefore, researchable. DIF: Cognitive Level: Application REF: Page 6 MULTIPLE RESPONSE 1. What are the connections between evidence-based practice and nursing research? (Select all that apply.) a. Evidence-based care cannot be provided to patients without the nurse understanding something of research. b. A synthesis of current research within an area of nursing is used to improve care in that area. c. All patients with a given diagnosis should be cared for based solely on research knowledge. d. Nursing diagnosis and management depend on a practitioner’s exploration of best research evidence. e. Nursing research provides evidence that allows us each to practice with the same style and capability. ANS: A, B, D Evidence-based practice in nursing requires a strong body of research knowledge that nurses must synthesize and use to promote quality care for their patients, families, and communities. In order to synthesize and use research appropriately, a nurse must understand it. A nurse must explore the best research evidence about a practice problem before using his or her clinical expertise to diagnose and manage an individual patient’s health problem. Not all patients are treated in the same way, however. Because reality can vary with perception, and because the facts can be relative, nurses do not impose their views on patients. Rather, nurses help patients seek health from within the patients’ worldviews. This is a critical component of evidencebased practice. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 11 2. What is the hospitalized patient’s place in evidence-based practice? (Select all that apply.) a. The patient is the recipient of the total of formal research evidence and the nurse’s practice wisdom, and these represent the patient’s care plan. b. The patient brings values to the clinical encounter, which the nurse considers in providing evidence-based care. c. The patient provides a valuable source of knowledge, since each patient cared for contributes to the nurse’s total practice wisdom. d. The patient is the focus of research. The patient serves both as a recipient of evidence-based research and the subject of future evidence, based on data collected now from the patient. e. The patient may always refuse to participate—in evidence-based care, in therapies, in research participation—and this refusal must be honored. ANS: B, C, E Because reality can vary with perception, and because the facts can be relative, nurses do not impose their views on patients. Rather, nurses help patients seek health from within the patients’ worldviews. This is a critical component of evidence-based practice. The nurse’s individual wisdom is based upon the nurse’s actual practice, over time. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 11 3. In nursing mentorship, as opposed to authority, the novice nurse fills which of the following roles? (Select all that apply.) a. Counselor b. Student c. Sponsor d. Disciplinarian e. Teacher f. Questioner g. Apprentice ANS: B, F, G An intense form of role-modeling is mentorship. In a mentorship, the expert nurse—or mentor —serves as a teacher, sponsor, guide, exemplar, and counselor for the novice nurse. Over time, the relationship morphs into a colleague relationship in which both mentor and mentee share information and exchange ideas in a cooperative spirit. DIF: Cognitive Level: Analysis REF: Page 10 4. How are dialectic reasoning and holistic practice similar? (Select all that apply.) a. They are both based on intuition, not facts. b. They both consider the whole, rather than one part of the picture. c. Dialectic reasoning emphasizes truth and holistic practice accepts untruth. d. They both ignore the main idea or diagnosis and concentrate on different entities. e. They both honor context and the interactions among ideas and people. f. They both break down concepts into understandable parts. g. Dialectic reasoning can be used to validate a study design, whereas holistic practice does not contribute to research. ANS: B, E, F Dialectic reasoning involves looking at situations in a holistic way. A dialectic thinker believes that the whole is greater than the sum of the parts and that the whole organizes the parts. DIF: Cognitive Level: Synthesis REF: Page 6 5. Which of the following statements synopsize the relationship between research and practice? (Select all that apply.) a. Practice limits nursing research to issues that are client-centered. b. Research participation helps nurses to meet re-licensure requirements for evidencebased practice. c. Research knowledge, combined with experiential wisdom, constitutes the base for practice. d. Research emphasizes what can be done in practice, rather than what has been done in practice. e. Practice does not affect research: research affects practice. f. Practice provides inspiration for meaningful nursing research. g. Practice helps a nurse differentiate between rigorous, well-designed research and useless research. ANS: C, F Evidence-based practice in nursing requires a strong body of research knowledge that nurses must synthesize and use to promote quality care for their patients. Research is a way to test reality and generate the best evidence to guide nursing practice. Practice problems inspire meaningful clinical research. Evidence-based practice evolves from the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient needs and values. DIF: Cognitive Level: Evaluation REF: Page 3 6. Realistically, what might be done in a situation in which a nurse does not know the appropriate way to use a new ultrasonic bladder scanner (a non-invasive, painless procedure) but has an order to scan? (Select all that apply.) a. Refuse to carry out the order. b. Ask a co-worker who has used the equipment for help. c. Access the instructions on the company’s web site. d. Try to scan the bladder and see if the value obtained makes sense. e. Notify the manager that a formal inservice is needed. f. Read the instruction booklet.