BIO 171 FINAL EXAM 2023 REVISED

BIO 171 FINAL EXAM 2023 REVISED Ion,cantion, antion - CORRECT ANSWER-atoms that gain or loses its charge. lost ion,gains ion(in specific order of the question Whats the difference between a ionic bond and covalent bond - CORRECT ANSWER-____bond is an attraction between cation and antion while____ bond is formed when atoms share electron hydrogen bond is - CORRECT ANSWER-weak attraction between positive end of one polar molecule and the negative end of another polar molecule. name the 4 types of chemical reactions - CORRECT ANSWER-synthesis,decomposition,exchange and reversible ____ are substances that releases ions in water,___ are electrolytes that dissociate to release hydrogen ions in the water,___ substances that releases ions that combine with hydrogen ions,__are electrolytes fromed by the reactions between an acid and base - CORRECT ANSWER-Electrolytes ,Acids , Bases , Salts inorganic vs organic - CORRECT ANSWER-dissolves in water organic= - CORRECT ANSWER-carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids inorganic= - CORRECT ANSWER-water,02 The cell membrane - CORRECT ANSWER-Phospholipid bilayer (water soluble heads, insoluble tails,Permeable to lipid-soluble substances),proteins and cholesterol that stabalizes the membrane. ________ closes spaces between cells while____ is tubular spaces. - CORRECT ANSWER-tight junctions, Gap junctions. Cell adhesion molecules - CORRECT ANSWER-guide cells on the move. ____occupies space between membrane. _____ cytoplasmic organelles have____ which have no membrane, and contain ribisomes and protein. - CORRECT ANSWER-cytoplasm,RNA Lysosomes vs peroxisomes - CORRECT ANSWER-Digest worn out cell parts or unwanted substances while Break down organic molecules Fibers of DNA and proteins Stores information for synthesis of proteins - CORRECT ANSWER-chromatin Passive (Physical) Processes vs Active (Physiological) Processes - CORRECT ANSWER-Require no cellular energy Require cellular energy Movement of substances from regions of higher concentration to regions of lower concentration - CORRECT ANSWER-Simple Diffusion Diffusion across a membrane with the help of a channel or carrier molecule - CORRECT ANSWER-facilitated diffusion Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWER-Cell engulfs a substance by forming a vesicle around the substance Pinocytosis - substance is mostly water Phagocytosis - substance is a solid Receptor-mediated endocytosis - requires the substance to bind to a membrane-bound receptor - CORRECT ANSWER-substance is mostly water substance is a solid requires the substance to bind to a membrane-bound receptor cell division - CORRECT ANSWER-chromosome tips (telomeres) that shorten with each mitosis provide a mitotic clock cells divide to provide a more favorable surface area to volume relationship growth factors and hormones stimulate cell division hormones stimulate mitosis of smooth muscle cells in uterus epidermal growth factor stimulates growth of new skin contact (density dependent) inhibition tumors are the consequence of a loss of cell cycle control