Exam (elaborations) ABCP Basic Science

An advantage of continuous warm blood cardioplegia is: A. Increased oxygen delivery B. Significantly decreased myocardial oxygen tension. C. A shift of the oxygen dissociation curve to the left. D. Lower myocardial oxygen consumption - ANSWER increased oxygen delivery Intra-aortic ballon augmentation is contraindicated in patients with: A. prosthetic aortic valves B. aortic insufficiency C. ventricular septal defects D. peripheral atherosclerosis - ANSWER aortic insufficiency When using a roller pump, aortic dissection caused by the aortic cannula my be detected by: A. elevated venous return B. elevated arterial line pressure C. elevated left radial artery pressure D. increased venous saturation - ANSWER elevated arterial line pressure The most significant advantage of venovenous ECMO over venoarterial ECMO is: A. improved cardiac support B. unaffected pulmonary hemodynamics C. superior arterial oxygenation D. reduced pulmonary blood flow - ANSWER unaffected pulmonary hemodynamics The rate of water extraction using an ultrafiltration device is dependent upon all of the following EXCEPT: A. number, depth, and diameter of membrane pores. B. transmembrane pressure C. electrolyte concentration D. blood flow rate - ANSWER electrolyte concentration When compared to true membranes, hydrophobia microporous membrane oxygenators may exhibit which of the following characteristics? A. increased oxygen transfer B. fluid passage to the gas compartment C. decreased carbon dioxide transfer D. reduced surface boundary layer - ANSWER fluid passage to the gas compartment A low venous oxygen saturation may indicate all EXCEPT which of the following: A. increased oxygen utilization B. inadequate pump output C. failure of the oxygenator to oxygenate the blood D. A-V shunting - ANSWER A-V shunting