Summary
Summary Writing Reporting Tips (ENGL117 Notes)
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Concise key points on how to write an academic essay for thesis or scientific report. Based on the Bedford Handbook consolidated.
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Bedford ReadingWk1: Exploring, planning and drafting
Subject
- why is it worth writing
- speci c topics
- questions to explore
Purpose & Audience
- (inform, analyze, persuade, call to action…)
- E ective strategies to achieve purpose
- How well they know about the topic
- Informations reader needs to understand your idea (bridge the gap)
- Readers’ response (how to counter resistance in argument)
Genre
- (type of writing) : proposal, essay…
- Evidence typically used
- Speci c format (purposefully written features)
- Goal of essay
- Situation (Purpose,audience,freedom,location-context,expectations)
- Research how others papers sound
Length and format
- Requirement & Referencing
1. Explore subjects
- asking questions
- Reading and writing
- Brainstorming and free writing
2. Thesis statement
- state positions (focused), let readers know what to expect, stand up to “so what” Qns
- Not just a statement but explaining his point (clear and concise)
- Revise statement through working on essay
- should not be a matter of fact, question, too broad, narrow, vague
- draft a plan : outline (seeing logic and organization of draft and see gaps)
Introduction
- lead to thesis
- Spark interest
- Why essay is worth reading
Hook: Engage the reader
- Interesting stat, Qns, quotation, historical background, key term or concept, (problem,
contradiction, dilemma, vivid example or image
- Qns > Shows two sides of the debate > Thesis statement
Body
- what does thesis promise reader
- Position on the topic
- Support my position
- Anticipating info gap for readers
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, Conclusion
- Summarize essay main points brie y
- Return to hook
- Propose course of action
- O er recommendation
- Topics’ wider signi cance or implication
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