Chem 210 Exam 1 Complete 2023

CHEM 210 Exam 1 COMPLETE 2023 1. bioilluminescence (ex): -process where animals produce light with chemical reactions -caused by proteins Ex: luciferin in lightning bugs/firefly -- enzyme luciferase Ex: Luminol-detects blood cells on crime scenes 2. Biochemistry: chemistry of life 3. 3 things biochemists study: 1. The relationship between structure and function of biomolecules 2. Chemical rxn's among organisms (ie. metabolism) 3. Communication with and among organisms 4. Bulk elements: -H, Na, K, Ca, C, N, O, P, S, Cl -make up over 90% of living organisms by mass -non metals -small elements (favored bc they form stable covalent bonds) 5. Trace elements: -Mg, Se, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mo, W, I -found in smaller, but essential amounts -transition metals Ex: Fe (iron) carrying o2 from lungs to tissue 6. H2O: -"medium of life" -make up more than 70% of living organisms -strong, covalent bond -makes up 60-70% of humans -some plants 90% by mass -small, polar molecule that solvates (dissolves) many compounds -"bent" shape of 104.5 7. small elements: -stable, covalent bonds -H20 -takes a lot of energy to break them 8. larger elements: -mentals, transitions -no covalent bonds, or at least no stable covalent bonds ex: Fe 9. how many elements found in living organisms: of the 90 natural elements, less than 30 found in living organisms -most are smaller, non-metals -in fact, a few smaller elements make up over 90% of living organisms (C, H, N, S, O)