Wisconsin Pesticide Application Exam Study Guide 2023

In preparing for the state exam, the first thing you should do is read the _____ at the beginning of the chapter because they are what the exam is based on - Answer- Learning objectives In a number of chapters there are sections that are not covered by the learning objectives nor will they appear on the certification exam. These sections are - Answer- The 'gray boxes' _____ largely determines the type of damage an insect can cause which can help identify the pest causing the problem. - Answer- The mouthpart Insects are different from ticks because - Answer- Ticks have more legs and fewer body regions The rate of insect development and activity is most effected by - Answer- Temperature The correct lifecycle terms and order of an insect with a complete metamorphosis - Answer- egg, larvae, pupae, adult One disadvantage of using insecticides is that - Answer- Repeatedly exposing a pest population to the selection pressure of insecticides can lead to resistance What is the name of the life cycle where the immature insect looks like the adult insect? - Answer- Simple metamorphosis The principle role of a juvenile insect is to _____ while the role of the adult is to _____. - Answer- Feed, reproduce A large area of a single plants species that provides an unlimited food supply for insects that attack it known as a - Answer- Monoculture The main objective in managing weeds is to - Answer- Minimize weed competition In the turf and landscape setting, we consider weeds to be all plants except those - Answer- that were put there intentionally What type of plant produces two seed leaves after germination - Answer- Broadleaf The key to the successful use of postemergence herbicide is - Answer- Timing of application Under what conditions does a surface applied herbicide fail to provide the desired weed control - Answer- Without adequate irrigation or rainfall What are the four prerequisites for a plant disease to occur - Answer- Time, pathogen, environment, host Chemical controls are most effective against what type of disease - Answer- Fungi If using a foliar application of a fungicide we must know that this is acting as a _____, therefore _____ - Answer- Protectant, must be on the plant surface prior to the fungal spores germination or even being present If treating with a fungicide during times when diseases outbreak is likely, intervals between applications must be 'tightened up' - Answer- That application should be shortened but never closer than the minimum interval listed on the label. As an alternative to spraying we should consider using _____ first. - Answer- Resistant varieties Before using strychnine bait to control ground squirrels, what must you do? - Answer- Obtain a use permit from the DNR This pest is concealed under a mantle of snow during winter and girdles roots and stems which can kill or severely injure trees - Answer- Meadow mice The broad category used to kill insects, weeds, fungi, mice, or other critters is - Answer- Pesticides Organic pesticides refer to - Answer- Being a product that is derived from elemental carbon What type of pesticides consist of bacteria, viruses, and fungi which tend to be highly specific in what target pests they attack - Answer- Microbial pesticides Why do pests often develop resistance to different pesticides that are from the same class - Answer- Because they effect the pest in the same way A given pesticide's active ingredient will _____ - Answer- Always have the same common name What type of insecticide is successful due to entertaining an insect's outer membranes and infecting the respiratory tubes - Answer- Contact poison What type of pesticide moves within the plant - Answer- Systemic What herbicide characteristic is most desired if you need to control a perennial weed like dandelion without damaging the surrounding plants - Answer- Narrow spectrum In order to make handling and application of a pesticide safer, easier, and more effective the manufacturer mixes _____ - Answer- Inert ingredients Different formulations are created for the same pesticide, why do manufacturers do this - Answer- Different formulations are more effective in different situations In order to maintain _____ in suspension this formulation requires constant and vigorous agitation - Answer- Wettable powder (WP) A wetting agent added to a pesticide formulation is an example of a(n) _____ - Answer- Adjuvant If a pesticide's benefit outweighs its risk only when a trained person is using - Answer- Restricted-use A for hire applicator must renew their individual commercial applicator license every - Answer- Year A not for hire commercial applicator applying restricted use pesticides needs - Answer- Certification and individual license As a for hire pesticide applicator one must keep pesticide application records for at least - Answer- 2 years When using a pesticide the label and its labeling function as - Answer- legally binding documents with direction that must be followed exactly If a reentry interval (REI) is posted for 24hrs, this means - Answer- You can only enter if you are wearing the necessary PPE during that 24 hr period. If the label states that you must wear a long sleeve shirt and long plants when applying the product, - Answer- It would be illegal to apply this product without wearing long sleeves and long pants. You are working with a pesticide left over from the year before, there is only a little of the product left. When using the older product - Answer- Do not exceed the maximum application rate on the old label When using a pesticide, the potential for injury is determined by the - Answer- Toxicity of the pesticide and length of exposure The signal words 'caution', 'warning', and 'danger' found on a pesticide label indicate - Answer- the relative toxicity of the pesticide What work habit increases your risk of pesticide exposure - Answer- Touching treated plants or soil This indicates the relative toxicity of the pesticide - Answer- Signal word An effect that occurs right away after being exposed to a pesticide is - Answer- Acute Effective personal protective equipment (PPE) is - Answer- Resistant to tears under normal work conditions When thinking about the role of PPE in pesticide application it _____ exposure but does not _____ - Answer- Reduces, eliminate Which type of clothing provides better protection from contact with pesticides - Answer- Chemical resistant spray suit If someone has accidentally swallowed some pesticide you should induce vomiting - Answer- Only when specified on the label What should you do if you or a co worker experienced a dermal pesticide exposure - Answer- Drench the skin with water If a person has accidentally inhaled a pesticide and requires first aide, you should - Answer- Get the victim into fresh air right away A commercial drivers license is needed - Answer- When transporting hazardous materials in amounts that require placarding When transporting pesticides in a vehicle you must - Answer- Ensure the pesticide cannot be accessed by the public Inside a pesticide storage area - Answer- Only store pesticides and pesticide application equipment Which is true about storing pesticides - Answer- The building should be insulated to keep pesticides between 40 and 100 degrees When storing pesticides in a storage are, it is a good idea to - Answer- Place material on shelves with liquids and heaviest material on the bottom and lighter and dry material on the top The WDATCP requires special facilities for bulk pesticide storage. At what point will you need to build a bulk storage facility - Answer- 55 gallons Which is the most hazardous activity associated which normal pesticide use - Answer- Mixing and loading pesticides When mixing or loading pesticides, how far from a well or surface water must you be? - Answer- 8 feet When after filling a pesticide container with water 10-20% capacity and shaking it, that can be drained into a sprayer - Answer- Rinsate Two pesticides are put together in a small jar to see if they are compatible. After shaking them up you find a gooey sludge at the bottom. - Answer- Physical incompatibility of pesticide mixture The best way to reduce your disposal costs of pesticides is - Answer- To not generate waste in the first place In terms of pesticide disposal, solid waste is anything that is not considered - Answer- A hazardous waste What do you do with empty plastic pesticide containers - Answer- Triple rinse immediately and recycle the container or bring it to a WI Clean Sweep Program Applicators or dealers are better of going through _____ to dispose of unwanted pesticides and other chemicals - Answer- The Wisconsin Clean Sweep Program What is the purpose of preparing a facility site plan under the Superfund Amendment and Reauthorization Act (SARA) - Answer- Enable emergency personal to be better prepared to respond to a chemical emergency at your facility Which does not need to be included in a facility site plan when storing any SARA listed substance greater than its Threshold Planning - Answer- License plate numbers and vehicle identification numbers of all facility vehicles In our state, who do you report a pesticide spill to - Answer- Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources (WDNR) If a liquid pesticide is spilled on a public road you should - Answer- Spread an absorbent material over the spilled pesticide Which statement is true regarding pesticide spills - Answer- You need to report the spill to the DNR is the amount spilled that would cover more than an acre when mixed and applied. After protecting yourself, what is the first step to take if a pesticide is spilled - Answer- Control You have been hired to make a pesticide application to a football field within a public park. A person listed on the Landscape Registry lives directly across the street from the park. How soon would you need to notify the individual of the application - Answer- At least 12 hours before the application is made How soon do you need to supply application information to a customer after marking an application - Answer- Immediately after the application You are making a Roundup application to weeds in a median (parking lot) at a shopping mall. No re-entry interval is showing on the Roundup label for the landscape applications. What, if any, signage are you required to post? - Answer- No signage is required When applying a pesticide to a landscape site (non public school grounds or cemetery or golf course) the pesticide label does not require a REI or Posting, which sign should you as the applicator post at the site - Answer- Landscape sign When selecting application equipment the principal objective is to bring the _____ into contact with the _____. - Answer- Pesticide, target organism Which type of hydraulic sprayer is best suited for making spot treatments on individual plants - Answer- Small capacity backpack sprayer _____ sprayers deliver large amounts of pesticides but they also produce small droplets subject to drift - Answer- high pressure sprayer The most effective way to make a large change in flow rate is to change - Answer- the nozzle tip What variable can most easily be adjusted to affect a backpack sprayers rate - Answer- The walking speed of the operator An herbicide label specifies 3 gallons of herbicide product be mixed with 100 gallons of water to make a spry mix. How much herbicide is needed for a 15 gallon sprayer - Answer- 0.45 gallons An insecticide to control japanese beetle grubs recommends a rate of 1.75 lbs or product be applied per 1,000 sq ft. How much is needed to cover 16,500 sq ft yard? - Answer- 28.875 lbs A herbicide broadcast application rate is 0.25 ounces per 1,000 sq ft. Your sprayer has a 100 gallon tank and is calibrated to apply 1.5 gallons for 1,000 sq ft. How much herbicide and total spray mix do you need to treat a 10,000 sq ft lawn - Answer- 15 gallons spray mix and 2.5 ounces herbicide Which characteristics would increase a pesticides tendency to pollute water - Answer- It is highly soluble This is a measure of how long a pesticide remains in an active form in the environment - Answer- persistence The _____ a pesticides persistence, the _____ the chance that it will eventually be carried into groundwater - Answer- greater, greater When soils are saturated granular pesticides and fertilizers must not be applied to prevent - Answer- groundwater contamination What is the significance of the depth to groundwater on site - Answer- the greater the depth the more filtering by the soil and degradation of the pesticide The key to prevent contamination to groundwater and surface waters is to - Answer- handle pesticides properly from the time you obtain them through their disposal An application of a pesticide beyond the boundaries of the intended application area is called - Answer- overspray The movement of pesticides in air current onto property beyond the boundaries of the target area is called - Answer- drift The WDATCP will investigate complaints of pesticide drift - Answer- regardless of the circumstances Which weather factor is the most likely to cause drift on a site - Answer- wind speed Drift potential is lowest at wind speeds between - Answer- 3 and 10 mph Droplet size is important in affecting drift. That is due to which relationship - Answer- drift increases as droplet size decreases As a result of the spraying, we may lose our beneficial insects causing the target pest population to 'rebound' and potential surpass pretreatment levels - Answer- resurgence If you see the 'bee icon' when reading the label section of a pesticide this should - Answer- alert the applicator that special restrictions apply to the pesticides use to protect bees If a pest population becomes resistant - Answer- We have lost a tool for managing the pest Which practices would lead to pesticide resistance - Answer- Applying the sam pesticide repeatedly to insects in the sa