Week 10: Concepts of Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders:
Knowledge Check
Concepts of Women’s and Men’s Health, Infections, and Hematologic Disorders:
Knowledge Check
Scenario 1: Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS)
1. What is the pathogenesis of PCOS?
PCOS is a complex heterogeneous familial disorder characterized by anovulation,
menstrual dysfunction, and signs of hyperandrogenism. Despite the exact
pathophysiology of this disorder being unknown, studies show that PCOS can develop
because of abnormal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian (HPO) axis (Zeng
et al., 2020). Inappropriate secretion of gonadotropin hormone due to ovarian
dysfunction has been reported among PCOS patients. General the pathogenesis of PCOS
is associated with neuroendocrine alterations, primary ovarian abnormalities,
interactions of epigenetic and genetic changes, and endocrine and metabolic modifiers
like insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, anti-Müllerian hormone, and adiposity.
2. How does PCOS affect a woman’s fertility or infertility?