Infectious Disease Questions With Complete Solutions

Varicella correct answer: prodromal-slight fever, anorexia, malaise x 24 hours. Highly pruritic rash. Macule→papule. Vesicle surrounded by erthymateous base-becomes umbilicated & cloudy-breaks easily & forms crust. Starts on body & spreads to face & extremities. Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Rubeola (Red Measles) correct answer: Prodromal fever, malaise, 24 hours later-coryza, cough, conjunctivitis, Koplick spots (small, irregular red spots w/ minute bluish-white center first seen on buccal mucosa-opposite molars-2 days before rash. Rash appears 3-4 days later. Begins on face-spreads downwards. Smallpox correct answer: Eradicated virus that was contagious, disfiguring, and often deadly. Impetigo correct answer: red macule becomes vesicular and ruptures. Thick, crusted, amber colored exudate "golden crusted "spreads easily-direct contact. Pruritus-staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria Cold sores correct answer: vesicles grouped on inflamed skin usually around lips or genitalia. Burning, painful sensation. Vesicles dry, skin exfoliates and heals within 8-10 days. Herpes Simplex Virus I (HSVI) Pediculosis (Head Lice): correct answer: generalized itching on head or genital area-rash-scratching can cause sores to become infected w/ bacteria or other fungi. Visible nits. Hatch in about a week/30 days. Body lice and public lice. Hand foot mouth disease correct answer: Sore throat and fever-blisters appear two days later. Spreads through coughing, sneezing, and infected stool. Enterovirus. Polio Myelitis correct answer: Abortive or in apparent. Fever, uneasiness, sore throat, HA, anorexia, vomiting, abdominal pain-lasts few days-few hours. Nonparalytic: same as above but more severe w/pain, stiffness in neck, back & legs. Paralytic: initial course similar to Nonparalytic followed by recovery and then signs of CNS paralysis. Enterovirus type 1-3 Diptheria correct answer: Resembles cold-adherent white or gray membrane on tonsils. Lymphadenitis (bull's neck) Potential airway obstruction. Cornebacterium diphtheriae Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth Disease) correct answer: Rash in 3 stages-slapped face-disappears in 1-4 days. Maculopapular red spots appear 24 hours later-symmetrically distributed on upper & lower extremities. Rash progresses from proximal to distal surfaces & last a week or longer. Rash subsides but reappears if skin is irritated