Lesson 5, Chapter 89, Urinary Disorders ... Chapter Notes, pp (all correctly solved)

the urinary tract can be divided into ... correct answers the upper tract (kidneys and ureters) and the lower tract (bladder and urethra) the upper tract ... correct answers filter by-products of metabolism and adjusts body's fluid & electrolyte balance; it delivers urine to lower tract the lower tract ... correct answers acts as a storage area until micturition occurs; urine then flows through the structures of the lower urinary tract and out of the body common problems affecting the lower tract include ... correct answers infection and incontinence; can greatly affect a person's quality of life, although rarely life threatening damage to the upper urinary tract can be life threatening... correct answers damage usually stems from obstruction, which causes reflux of urine into kidneys; infection & inflammation can damage tissues of the nephrons, resulting in decreased kidney function any systemic condition that affects blood flow will affect kidney functioning; example... correct answers HTN, heart failure, trauma, changes in small blood vessels related to DM or collagen/vascular insufficiency many kidney disorders result from... correct answers circulatory disorders that cause renal vascular insufficiency a *urologist* is a physician who treats diseases/disorders of the urinary tract system... correct answers a *nephrologist* specializes in medical aspects of kidney disease; may treat some disorders of urinary tract blood and urine tests commonly ordered as screening tools for many urinary tract disorders ... correct answers chemistry levels may indicate normal ranges of electrolytes; serum/urine glucose and protein levels are also often obtained; they help indicate body's overall fluid/electrolyte balance blood and urine levels can help evaluate... correct answers nature of renal diseases, such as renal failure a urinalysis (UA) provides much info about condition of... correct answers bladder, kidneys, & other body systems urinary tract infection in older adults... correct answers may manifest as change in mental status; when giving meds PRN, consideration should be given to fact meds are metabolized slower; often sev'l chronic disorders may occur at one time...their trmts influence kidney function