Anesthesiology Exam I (100% correct answers)

What is the definition of Anesthesia? correct answers Loss of sensation to all or part of the body. Under general anesthesia the animal is unconscious and unaware of its surroundings. What is the definition of Analgesia? correct answers "without pain". Under analgesia or local anesthesia the animal shows diminished or no perception of pain. What are the components of general anesthesia? correct answers Temporary reversible state of drug intoxication of the CNS where the patient neither perceives nor recalls the painful stimulus - consists of: Unconsciousness (hypnosis, narcosis) Muscle relaxation Lack of pain (analgesia) Loss of memory (amnesia) Suppression of reflexes (motor, autonomic) ALL WITHOUT HARMING THE PATIENT What is pain? correct answers Pain is the CONSCIOUS perception of a noxious stimulus What are the general principles of anesthesia? correct answers KNOW YOUR PATIENT stabilize and correct abnormalities, prior to anesthesia Be organized and efficient to minimize anesthesia time Select anesthetic protocol based on patient, existing abnormalities, and to minimize adverse effects Identify and prepare for potential complications Establish intravenous access whenever possible Secure and maintain patent airway Use supplemental oxygen when indicated and provide ventilatory support Monitor vital body systems (cardiovasc, resp, CNS) Identify and correct abnormalities that arise Continue monitoring and support through recovery period Use appropriate analgesia and sedation to minimize pain and distress. Why is pre-anesthetic patient evaluation important? correct answers Identifies individual risk factors Underlying physiologic abnormalities Contributes information for development of an individualized anesthetic plan. Why is pre-anesthetic fasting important? correct answers Decreases risk of regurgitation and aspiration What is the pre-anesthetic fasting for dogs and cats correct answers 6-12 hours fast (overnight recommended - no food after 10 PM) Fast 4 hours up to 4 months of age - risk hypoglycemia. Free access to water up until procedure.