Booklet of grade 4 science fusion book

1 Earth and Space 2 Lesson 1: How do the sun, Earth and the moon interact? Book p.297 Night and Day • Earth rotates , or turns like a top. Earth’s rotation causes day and night. • Earth rotates around an imaginary line called an axis, which runs through its centre from the North Pole to the South Pole. • Earth completes one rotation once every 24 hours, or once a day. • As Earth rotates, one side of Earth faces the sun. This side of Earth has daytime. • The other side of Earth faces away from the sun. This side of Earth has night time. The sun – Earth – moon system • The sun, Earth, and the moon form a system in space. This system is held together by gravity . • Gravity is a force that pull s objects toward each other. Gravity pulls Earth toward the sun, holding Earth in an orbit (path) around it. • Earth revolves , or travels, around the sun. • It takes Earth about 365 days to complete one revolution which causes the 4 seasons. • While Earth revo lves around the sun, the moon revolves around Earth. • It takes about one month for the moon to complete one rotation around Earth. • The sun is a hot, glowing ball of gas that is composed mostly of helium and hydrogen. It is about 4.6 billion years old. • Earth and the moon both have rocky surfaces. • Earth’s surface has large oceans, and it has a thick atmosphere of nitrogen and oxygen. It has life forms. 3 • Unlike Earth, the moon has no atmosphere or water. The moon experiences extreme cold and heat. It has no known life forms. • A constellation is a group of stars that seems to form a picture in the night sky. Make your own constellation 4 A) Match 1) Earth completes one rotation around its axis once every ---------- ( ) Gravity 2) The sun is about ----------------- ( ) 365 days 3) It takes Earth -------------- to complete one revolution around the sun. ( ) 4.6 billion years old 4) ---------- is a force that pulls objects toward each other. ( ) one month 5) It takes about ----------- for the moon to complete one rotation around Earth. ( ) 24 hours B) Draw a picture of the sun and Earth .Draw lines to show Earth’s Axis and rays from the sun. Label which side of Earth has day and which side has night.