WGU Pathology Pre-Assessment Exam with 100% Correct Answers 2023

Warm to touch - Correct answer-A patient's records indicate a diagnosis of a staph skin infection which caused a boil to develop on the patient's buttock region. Symptoms included red, swollen skin with pus. Which additional symptom can appear in the affected area? Malaria - Correct answer-A patient presents with anemia, jaundice, fever, and malaise due to the destruction of red blood cells. Which infectious disease does this describe? Sore throat & Nasal congestion - Correct answer-A patient's record shows a diagnosis of H1N1 flu. Which two symptoms may be present in this chart entry? Skin blisters - Correct answer-A patient presents at a clinic with a burn on the left arm. The burn is classified as second degree, and the skin appears red and swollen. The patient reports it is very painful. What is an additional symptom of a patient with a second-degree burn? Respiratory distress - Correct answer-A patient is taken to the emergency department after a near drowning. What is a sign or symptom that the patient may experience within minutes or even days? Adenoma & Osteoma - Correct answer-What are two types of benign tumors? Paget disease - Correct answer-A patient presented with swelling of the femur. MRI results indicated enlargement and thickening of the bone. The urinalysis showed hydroxyproline. The patient was prescribed NSAIDs and physical therapy, and surgery was recommended. Which disease does this describe? Finger dislocation - Correct answer-XR shows torn soft tissue ligaments surrounding MCP joint injury. Treatment includes surgical reconstruction to realign bone and ligaments. Fibromyalgia - Correct answer-Restlessness and exhaustion; constant, dull muscle aches; tenderness. Chronic pain that lasts a long time. Can worsen with mood flair ups. Carpal Tunnel Syndrome - Correct answer-Burning, weakness, and tingling in one hand. The patient is unable to demonstrate a strong grip and is experiencing stronger discomfort at night. Doctor recommends medial nerve compression. Sprain - Correct answer-Wrist and arm pain with limited mobility. Not able to rotate fully, no inflammation present. Short arm splint, apply ice as needed. Vitiligo - Correct answer-A patient's record indicates a skin condition in which depigmentation appears on different parts of the body that are often exposed to sunlight. A skin biopsy reveals a lack of melanocytes. Urticaria - Correct answer-A raised, red area recently developed on an eight-year-old patient's back after eating peanuts. Contact dermatitis - Correct answer-Upon physical exam, a patient was found to have a small, oozing vesicles on the skin of both hands. Both hands were hot to the touch and swollen. The patient reported itching, burning, and stinging of the skin. Frequently wears latex gloves. Tinea pedis - Correct answer-A 19-year-old patient reports persistent itching and peeling dry skin between the first and second toes. The patient also has a burning sensation. An internal medicine practitioner prescribes antifungal ointment and wash for the next four weeks. Eczema - Correct answer-A patient has severe itching on the face. The physical exam reveals dry skin and small lesions. The patient has a family history of allergic rhinitis. The physician prescribes topical anti-itch cream and instructs daily skin care. Herpes zoster (shingles) - Correct answer-A patient presents for follow-up of several painful vesicular lesions on the face, mouth, and tongue. The patient is diagnosed with a condition caused by the same virus that causes chicken pox. Ischemic stroke - Correct answer-Patient presents to the ED complaining of a sudden onset of speech impairment, severe headache, falling down while standing, and inability to move the arm and leg on the right side. A cerebral angiogram shows occlusion of blood vessels. Alcoholism - Correct answer-Which disease can vitamin B12 deficiency be attributed to? Vitamin B12 deficiency & Lead poisoning - Correct answer-What are two possible causes for peripheral neuropathy? Subdural hematoma - Correct answer-A patient has slurred speech, difficulty walking, and dilated pupils. Which condition does this describe? Parkinson disease - Correct answer-A patient has tremors, bradykinesia, and abnormal gait. The patient is taking anticholinergics; however, the symptoms are aggravated. A neurologist treats the patient with deep brain stimulation. Cataract - Correct answer-Following pupil dilation, an opthalmoscopy shows a cloudy and crystalline lens of the left eye. An intracapsular extraction intraocular lens inmplant is recommended. Glaucoma - Correct answer-A 47-year-old diabetic patient presents with aching eyes, visual disturbances, and a loss of peripheral vision. Which diagnosis is described? Otosclerosis - Correct answer-A patient record shows that an ear exam revealed growth of new bone that is fixed. The patient has permanent hearing loss. Meniere disease - Correct answer-A 43-year-old patient presents to the urgent care center reporting ongoing symptoms of dizziness with ringing and buzzing in the ear and hearing loss on the left side. The patient indicated no history of head injury that would cause this, and symptoms have included nausea, vomiting, and having to hold on to things while walking. Aneurysm - Correct answer-A patient has local dilation of a blood vessel with weakening of its walls. Myocardial infarction - Correct answer-Which cardiovascular condition occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle becomes blocked (usually by a clot), potentially causing heart muscle damage and death? Myocardial infarction - Correct answer-Which condition occurs when a blood clot blocks blood flow to the heart and damages the heart muscle due to lack of oxygen? Myocardial infarction - Correct answer-Which condition occurs when the blood flow to part of the heart muscle becomes blocked, typically by a clot? Myocardial infarction - Correct answer-A patient's record documents reports of fatigue, shortness of breath, and vomiting. The patient was given medication for crushing chest pain that radiated to the neck and jaw. The patient's blood test showed elevated cardiac enzyme levels. Congestive Heart Failure - Correct answer-A 52-year-old patient presents with palpitation, edema, and tachypnea. This patient also has chronic conditions, including hypertension and CAD. The patient has a history of smoking and myocardial infarction. The patient is placed on a digoxin drip and a low-sodium diet. Which condition is being described? Pericarditis - Correct answer-Which type of heart condition may be caused by metastasized neoplasms, rheumatic fever, uremia, or hypothyroidism? Pericarditis - Correct answer-A patient has a history of rheumatic fever and hypothyroidism. The patient currently has clammy skin, as well as low blood pressure. During examination, the patient experiences a sharp, sudden pleuritic pain when taking deep breaths. Mitral stenosis - Correct answer-A cardiac catheterization report shows obstructed blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The patient also had childhood rheumatic fever and atrial fibrillation. Malignant - Correct answer-A patient's record indicates a type of hypertension that is typically above 180/120 and can cause serious damage to organ tissue. It was treated as a medical emergency. Which type of hypertension did this patient have? Arm numbness - Correct answer-What is a symptom of malignant hypertension? Aplastic anemia - Correct answer-A bone marrow biopsy result shows fatty tissue with megakaryocyte and large bone marrow cells with multiple nuclei. The patient is placed on a bone marrow recipient list. Which condition does this describe? Aplastic anemia - Correct answer-Which type of anemia is the result of injury or destruction of the blood-forming tissue in bone marrow? HIV - Correct answer-Which infection invades and replicates T 4 lymphocyte cells, leaving the body open to opportunistic infections? MRSA - Correct answer-This multidrug-resistant organism can be difficult to treat and can progress into blood, bone, lung, or skin infections that may be life-threatening. Which type of infectious disease is described? Mononucleosis - Correct answer-Which condition is an acute upper respiratory tract infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus and characterized by a sore throat, a fever, and swollen cervical lymph glands? Legionnaires' disease - Correct answer-Which condition is considered a lower respiratory tract infection? Pulmonary tuberculosis & Respiratory mycoses - Correct answer-Which two infections affect the lower respiratory tract? Pulmonary tuberculosis - Correct answer-A patient's lung X-ray shows lesions of calcified inflamed granular tissue. Biopsy shows necrosis of lung tissue. Which disease does this patient have? Pulmonary tuberculosis - Correct answer-Which condition can lead to a diagnosis of COPD? Chronic asthma & bronchiectasis - Correct answer-Which two conditions or symptoms may lead to a diagnosis of COPD? Silicosis - Correct answer-A 50-year-old patient who works as a sand blaster has the following symptoms: dyspnea, cough with sputum, tachypnea, and pulmonary hypertension. A chest X-ray shows small nodular lesions throughout, but mainly concentrated in the upper areas, of the lungs. GERD - Correct answer-A patient's condition was caused by abnormally weak contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter, which reduced its ability to prevent the backup of gastric contents into the patient's esophagus. Cirrhosis - Correct answer-A patient reports nausea, vomiting, dull abdominal ache, and pruritus. Upon physical examination, edema of the legs, ascites, and jaundice were documented. The patient has a history of long-term acetaminophen therapy. Laboratory findings included elevated alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase. Peptic ulcer - Correct answer-An esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) result showed evidence of bleeding and circumscribed lesions in the duodenum, which was sent for biopsy. Pathological findings are positive for H. pylori. The patient is being treated with antibiotics and supplemental RBC. Cirrhosis - Correct answer-A 38-year-old patient with a history of long-term alcohol and tobacco abuse has symptoms of ascites, leg edema, and vomiting. A diagnostic workup includes ALT, AST assays, and US of the liver. Inguinal hernia - Correct answer-A patient arrives at an emergency department with sharp, abdominal pain. Upon exam, a palpable lump is present in the groin area. Diverticulitis - Correct answer-A 60-year-old patient complains of fever and pain in the lower abdomen with guarding, which is relieved after a bowel movement. The provider advises against a barium enema or colonoscopy for diagnosis because it may cause a perforation or hemorrhage. Pancreatic cancer - Correct answer-A patient presents with the following complaints: abdominal pain radiating to the back, weight loss, weakness, fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting. Jaundice was noted on examination. A confirmatory percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy was done. Hemorrhoids - Correct answer-A patient has symptoms of rectal bleeding and vague anal discomfort. Proctoscopy reveals dilated veins in the mucous membrane of the anus. Glomerulonephritis - Correct answer-A patient's record indicates a presentation of the following symptoms: hematuria proteinuria oliguria Which condition may this patient be diagnosed with? Glomerulonephritis - Correct answer-A patient has a urinary system infection characterized by a blockage of the kidney's nephrons, causing a reduction in the rate of blood filtration. Renal cell adenocarcinoma - Correct answer-An intravenous pyelogram shows two tumors in the left kidney. A kidney biopsy is performed and sent for pathological findings. An arterial embolization is suggested to stop blood and oxygen flow to the tumor to prevent growth. Pathological findings show evidence of malignancy in both tumors. Chemotherapy is suggested. Bladder carcinoma - Correct answer-A cystoscopy reveals lumps from the epithelium cell membrane of the bladder. Microscopic urinalysis confirms malignancy and blood in urine. The patient is also being treated for a urinary tract infection (UTI). End-stage renal disease - Correct answer-A patient presents with decreased alertness, mental confusion, skin that is pale and scaly, weight loss, easy bruising or bleeding, and decreased urine output. Which condition is this patient showing signs of? Itchy skin & hiccups - Correct answer-A patient comes into the clinic for a follow-up appointment. The patient has been continuing to lose weight and has been extremely fatigued. What are two additional characteristics of end-stage renal disease this patient should be aware of? 3 to 5 hours - Correct answer-A patient diagnosed with end-stage renal disease comes in for treatment with hemodialysis. How long will this patient be in treatment? Hemodialysis - Correct answer-In which type of dialysis is blood drawn outside a person's body in an artificial kidney, or dialyzer, and then returned to the individual via tubes connected to the circulatory system? Thyroid cancer - Correct answer-A patient record indicates the following: S: Reason for encounter: 44-year-old female