West Coast EMT Block 5 Exam Questions and Answers

menstruation starts - ANSWER 11-16 purpose of the amniotic sac - ANSWER protect and insulate fetus during true labor, contractions: - ANSWER increase in intensity and become closer together the end of the third trimester the baby sinks into the birth canal (lightening) which reliefs what of the mother - ANSWER breathing what to do when there is a nuchal cord - ANSWER try to pull around the baby's neck, if unsuccessful cut what to do in the case of a limb presentation - ANSWER cover the limb and transport the mother supine, head down, pelvis elevated only 2 times that you put your gloved hand into a woman's vagina - ANSWER breech birth and prolapsed cord requirements for a baby to be premature - ANSWER under 36 weeks or less that 5 pounds grunting in children is - ANSWER attempt to keep alveoli open by increasing pressure in the chest cavity don't access BP in children under - ANSWER 3 PAT - ANSWER allows you to forms a general impression of the child quickly and visually NPAs are rarely used in - ANSWER infants under 1 what happens in an NPA is too long - ANSWER stimulate the vagus nerve, slows HR, enters esophagus and causes gastric distention most common S&S of head injury in children - ANSWER nausea and vomiting the umbilical cord has - ANSWER 2 arteries and 1 vein priority after child is born - ANSWER airway, then keep warm and dry respiratory rate of infant 1 month to 1 year - ANSWER 30 to 60 respiratory rate of toddler 1 to 3 years - ANSWER 24 to 40 respiratory rate of preschool 4 to 5 years - ANSWER 22 to 34 respiratory rate of school 6 to 12 years - ANSWER 18 to 30 respiratory rate of adolescent 13 to 18 years - ANSWER 12 to 16 pulse rate of newborn to 3 months - ANSWER 85 to 205 pulse rate of 3 months to 2 years - ANSWER 100 to 190 pulse rate of 2 years to 10 years - ANSWER 60 to 140 pulse rate of over 10 year olds - ANSWER 60 to 100 A 26-year-old female presents with heavy vaginal bleeding. She is conscious, but restless. Her blood pressure is 84/54 mm Hg, her pulse is 120 beats/min and weak, and her respirations are 22 breaths/min with adequate depth. She tells you that she inserted a tampon about 2 hours ago. You should: A. administer high-flow oxygen, ask her to remove the tampon, perform a detailed secondary assessment, and transport promptly. B. administer high-flow oxygen, place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay. C. administer high-flow oxygen, perform a detailed assessment of her vaginal area for signs of trauma, place her on her side, and transport. D. assist her ventilations with a bag-valve mask, place one sterile dressing into her vagina, perform a rapid secondary assessment, and transport. - ANSWER B. administer high-flow oxygen, place a sterile pad over her vagina, keep her warm, elevate her lower extremities, and transport without delay A patient with pelvic inflammatory disease will typically complain of _________. A. bleeding associated with stress B. abdominal pain associated with menstruation C. aches and fever associated with urination D. nausea and vomiting associated with intercourse - ANSWER B. abdominal pain associated with menstruation Causes of vaginal bleeding include which of the following? A. Ectopic pregnancy B. Vaginal trauma C. Spontaneous abortion D. All of these answers are correct. - ANSWER D. All of these answers are correct. During gynecologic emergencies, in addition to the standard SAMPLE questions, the EMT should attempt to determine which of the following? Select one: A. The amount of time since of the patent's last menstrual cycle B. The possibility that the patient may be pregnant C. If the patient is sexually active D. All of these answers are correct. - ANSWER D. All of these answers are correct. In anticipation of receiving a fertilized ovum, the lining of the uterine wall: Select one: A. sheds and is expelled externally. B. thins and begins to separate. C. becomes engorged with blood. D. diverts blood flow to the vagina. - ANSWER C. becomes engorged with blood. In cases of sexual assault, it is important to ensure that you do which of the following? Select one: A. Immediately write down your observations of the scene before assessing the patient. B. Call for a female EMT or ALS care provider. C. Discuss with law enforcement any suspicions that you may have about the perpetrator. D. All of these answers are correct. - ANSWER D. All of these answers are correct. In contrast to bleeding caused by external trauma to the vagina, bleeding caused by conditions such as polyps or cancer: Select one: A. is typically not as severe. B. often presents with acute pain. C. can be controlled in the field. D. may be relatively painless. - ANSWER D. may be relatively painless. It is common for young females who experience their first menstrual period to: Select one: A. become so emotionally distraught that they contemplate suicide. B. have a false positive home pregnancy test result. C. lose up to 500 mL of blood within the first 24 hours. D. experience abdominal cramping, which may be misinterpreted. - ANSWER D. experience abdominal cramping, which may be misinterpreted. Law enforcement personnel request your assistance to assess a 31-year-old female who was sexually assaulted. When you arrive at the scene, you find the patient sitting on a curb outside her apartment. She is conscious, alert, and crying. When you ask her what happened, she tells you that she does not want to be treated or transported to the hospital. She further tells you that all she wants to do is clean up. You should: Select one: A. provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma. B. advise her that she cannot clean herself up because this will destroy evidence. C. perform a limited hands-on assessment to detect life-threatening injuries. D. ask her if there is anyone you can contact, such as a friend or relative. - ANSWER A. provide emotional support and visually assess her for obvious trauma. Patient complaints of pain during intercourse, lower abdominal discomfort, and nausea may be indicative of which of the following? Select one: A. Chlamydia B. Gonorrhea C. Pelvic inflammatory disease D. Bacterial vaginosis - ANSWER C. Pelvic inflammatory disease Some women experience ___________ during ovulation. Select one: A. hypotension B. severe bleeding C. severe abdominal pain D. slight cramping - ANSWER D. slight cramping The __________ and _________ are folds of tissue that surround the urethral and vaginal openings. Select one: A. labia majora; labia minora B. vagina; cervix C. perineum; anus D. fallopian tubes; uterus - ANSWER A. labia majora; labia minora he _____________ connect(s) each ovary with the uterus. Select one: A. fallopian tubes B. cervix C. egg D. abdomen - ANSWER A. fallopian tubes The EMT should ensure that vaginal bleeding is _________. Select one: A. taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation B. controlled directly by the patient C. not caused by traumatic injury D. severe enough to warrant transport - ANSWER A. taken seriously and the patient is transported for gynecologic evaluation The physical examination of a sexual assault victim should be: Select one: A. limited to a brief survey for life-threatening injuries. B. as detailed as possible so all injuries can be documented. C. performed in the presence of at least two police officers. D. deferred until the patient can be evaluated by a physician. - ANSWER A. limited to a brief survey for life-threatening injuries. When caring for a female patient who has been sexually assaulted, you should: Select one: A. allow law enforcement to take her statement before you begin treatment. B. advise her that she will not be allowed to shower or change her clothes. C. ask the patient for a concise, detailed report of what happened to her. D. place any bloodstained clothing or other articles in separate paper bags. - ANSWER D. place any bloodstained clothing or other articles in separate paper bags. Which of the following conditions would MOST likely lead to pelvic inflammatory disease if left untreated? Select one: A. Genital herpes B. Ovarian cysts C. Ectopic pregnancy D. Chlamydia - ANSWER D. Chlamydia Which of the following drugs is commonly referred to as