NCE/LPC Exam Study Guide Latest 2023 Rated A+

NCE/LPC Exam Study Guide Latest 2023 Rated A+ Ego's need for immediate gratification. Pleasure Principle The cause or ____________of abnormal behavior is difficult to determine in most cases. Etiology An individual who is happy,autonomous, & creative has reached ______________. Self-actualization This is necessary from parents for children to develop healthy concepts. (Rogers) Unconditional Positive Regard Accomplished by rewarding success of desired behavior. Shaping Learning method involving the conditioning of new stimuli to existing responses. Classical Conditioning A behavior modification used to establish new behavior. reinforcement The designations "common," "personal," & "cardinal" refer to ______________. Trait Theory Individuals are in an interactional relationship with their environment. contextual worldview Freud believed human behavior is mainly motivated by the psychosexual energy called __________. libido Relearning by using a particular stimulus to establish a new, more adaptive response counter conditioning Idea that there are many different ways to interpret events, each one leading to different behaviors. Kelly's concept of Constructive Alternativism A severe psychological disorder involving loss of contact with reality. Psychosis Process of development and body change resulting from heredity rather than learning. Maturation Vicarious conditioning occurs through observed________. modeling The unpleasantness of _________motivates individuals to avoid or reduce inconsistencies in cognitive structure. cognitive dissonance Used by individuals to maintain feelings of adequacy and self-worth rather than coping directly with a stressful situation. defense mechanisms Used to help reduce anxiety experienced by an agoraphobic client. systematic desensitization Skinner believes the social environment provides a variety of __________to help shape human behavior. consequences Patterns of ____________that may be organic, psychological, or sociocultural in origin. abnormal behavior The tendency toward subjective functioning, with the self being of greatest importance. Jung's theory of Introversion Behavior modification programs in schools/group homes used to motivate participants. token economy This approach to human functioning stresses the importance of each individual's perception of reality. Phenomenological Emphasizes the importance of genetic and physical contributors to maladaptive behavior. biological viewpoint Use of family constellation Adler traits and values Allport vicarious conditioning Bandura 16 Personality Factor Questionairre Cattell stage theory of development Erikson Cognitive dissonance Festinger id, ego, superego Freud introversion-extroversion Jung cognitive meaning making Kegan Role Construct Repertory Test Kelly Justice Reasoning & Moral development Kohlberg Life Space