NHA certification | EKG Tech (notes)with Complete Solutions

How many electrodes do you place for a Holter Monitor? - ANSWER-5 How many electrodes do you place on the patient for a EKG? - ANSWER-10 How many leads does this produce? - ANSWER-12 How many leads/electrodes does the telemetry monitor uses? - ANSWER-uses 5 leads/electrodes Each cardiac cycle starts with the SA node generating an electrical impulse that travels in a wavelike pattern across the cardiac muscle of the atria, causing what to happen - ANSWER-the muscle to contract almost simultane Refers to a regular heart rate that falls within the average of 60-80 beats per min (NSR) - ANSWER-normal sinus rhythm What is an irregular cardiac rhythm? - ANSWER-Arrhythmia A special group of conduction fibers located in the upper part of the interventricular septal wall where electrical impulses are transmitted - ANSWER-Bundle of His The electrocardiogram records both the intensity of the electrical impulses and ?? - ANSWER-the actual time it takes for each part of the cardiac cycle to occur The time interval between ventricular contraction and the beginning of ventricular recovery - ANSWER-ST segment These have a single positive electrode that uses the right leg for grounding - ANSWER-unipolar leads The multichannel ECG tracing take secs to perform and can be placed in the patients medical record how? - ANSWER-without mounting/ can be recorded directly into the patients EMR When the ECG machine is on the stylus - ANSWER-Horizontally past the stylus records tracings between the right arm and left arm recording the electrical activity of the lateral part of the left ventricle - ANSWER-Lead | If the patient has dyspnea or orthopnea what position should be used? - ANSWER-the semi-fowler position or alternatively the patient can be seated on a wooden chair muscle movements can produce measurable electrical impulses this input causes unwanted stylus movement during the ECG tracing and shows up on the recording as - ANSWER-jagged peaks of irregular height and spacing with a shifting baseline This appears as a series of uniform small spikes on the paper - ANSWER-alternating current (AC) interference Electrical currents in nearby equipment or wiring can leak small amount of what? - ANSWER-electrical energy into the area where the ECG machine is located These impulses come from many ectopic atrial locations but are blocked at the AV node - ANSWER-atrial flutter These occur when the ventricles contract before they should for the next cardiac cycle - ANSWER-premature ventricular contraction PAC can be caused by - ANSWER-nicotine/caffine The patient should disrobe to the waist and put the patient gown with the opening in the front as easy access to the patients extremities must be removed - ANSWER-patient preparation for ECG when you tell the patient to lie still, observe that - ANSWER-he/she is still breathing normally If the patient heart rate is very rapid of if certain parts of the complex are too close together, you may need to - ANSWER-adjust the run speed to 50mm/sec With this the stylus gradually shifts away from the center of the paper - ANSWER-a wandering baseline P wave - ANSWER-contraction of the atria and shows the beginning of cardiac depolarization QRS complex - ANSWER-contraction of both ventricles and also reflects the completion of cardiac depolarization T wave - ANSWER-ventricular recovery of repolarization of the ventricles SVT - ANSWER-stair steps three-degree atrioventricular block - ANSWER-complete heart block; needs pacemaker atrial fibrillation - ANSWER-rapid, random, ineffective contractions of the atrium atrial flutter - ANSWER-irregular beating of the atria; often described as "a-flutter with 2 to 1 block or 3 to 1 block" AV node - ANSWER-where the electrical impulses of the heart are delayed SA node - ANSWER-main pacemaker of the heart precordial leads - ANSWER-V1-V6 augmented leads - ANSWER-aVR, aVL, aVF cardioversion (defibrillation) - ANSWER-the use of electroshock to convert an abnormal cardiac rhythm to a normal one defibrillation - ANSWER-a machine that delivers an electroshock of the heart through electrodes placed on the chest wall sinoatrial (SA) node - ANSWER-the pacemaker of the heart, located in the right atrium electrocardiography - ANSWER-a painless safe procedure and is the test most frequently used for the diagnoses of heart disease in the ambulatory care setting electrocardiogram - ANSWER-recording of the electrical impulses of the heart pattern on electrocardiographic paper the atria and the ventricles - ANSWER-during systole, these contract and empty blood horizontally past the stylus - ANSWER-when the ECG machine is on the stylus polarization - ANSWER-the resting state of the myocardial wall, comes after the p wave repolarization - ANSWER-the process of reaching the resting state before the heart muscles can be stimulated again p wave - ANSWER-occurs during the contraction of the atria and shows the beginning of cardiac depolarization the QRS - ANSWER-this is recorded as a much more significant electrical activity than the P wave depolarization of the atria - ANSWER-p wave