WGU C963 - Court Cases - American Politics and the US Constitution

Marbury v. Madison (1803) correct answer: Established judicial review. The courts have the power to strike down laws that they find to violate the Constitution. Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) correct answer: The Constitution was not meant to include American citizenship for black people. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) correct answer: Separate but equal - Racial segregation laws for public facilities are Constitutional as long as the segregated facilities were equal in quality. United States v. Miller (1939) correct answer: Upheld The National Firearms Act of 1934 allowing the government to ban interstate shipping of some unregistered guns unrelated to state militias Korematsu v. United States (1944) correct answer: Japanese internment is legal holding that the need to protect against espionage by Japan outweighed the rights of Americans of Japanese descent. Brown v. Board of Education (1954) correct answer: State laws establishing racial segregation in public schools were unconstitutional, even if the segregated schools are otherwise equal in quality. Mapp v. Ohio (1961) correct answer: Held that the exclusionary rule, which prevents prosecutors from using evidence in court that was obtained by violating the Fourth Amendment, applies to the states. Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) correct answer: In criminal cases, states are required under the Sixth Amendment to provide an attorney to defendants who are unable to afford their own. Griswold v. Connecticut (1965) correct answer: The court spelled out the right to privacy for the first time in a case that struck down a state law forbidding married couples from using any form of contraception. Miranda v. Arizona (1966) correct answer: Detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incrimination. Harper v. Virginia Board of Elections (1966) correct answer: Virginia's poll tax was unconstitutional under the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment. Tinker v. Des Moines (1969) correct answer: Students have the right to symbolic speech at school as long as it is not disruptive.