Peds Nclex questions (all solved)

Which of the following best describes why children have fewer respiratory tract infections as they grow older? a. The amount of lymphoid tissue decreases. b. Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity. c. Viral organisms are less prevalent in the population. d. Secondary infections rarely occur after viral illnesses. correct answers b. Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity. Rationale: Children have increased immunity after exposure to a virus. Labored breathing is referred to as: a. dyspnea. b. tachypnea. c. hypopnea. d. orthopnea. correct answers a. dyspnea. Rationale: Dyspnea is labored breathing. Why are cool-mist vaporizers rather than steam vaporizers recommended in home treatment of respiratory tract infections? a. They are safer. b. They are less expensive. c. Respiratory secretions are dried. d. A more comfortable environment is produced. correct answers a. They are safer. Rationale: Cool-mist vaporizers are safer than steam vaporizers, and little evidence exists to show any advantages to steam. Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper respiratory tract infection. Instructions for nose drops should include which of the following? a. Avoid using for more than 3 days. b. Keep drops to use again for nasal congestion. c. Administer drops until nasal congestion subsides. d. Administer drops after feedings and at bedtime. correct answers a. Avoid using for more than 3 days Rationale: Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine) should not be used for more than 3 days to avoid rebound congestion. What is an appropriate nursing intervention when caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated temperature? a. Give tepid water baths to reduce fever. b. Encourage food intake to maintain caloric needs. c. Have child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling. d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. correct answers d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration Rationale: Preventing dehydration by small frequent feedings is an important intervention in the febrile child.