ENG1514 Applied English Language Foundation and Intermediate Phase First Additional Language

ENG1514 Applied English Language Foundation and Intermediate Phase First Additional Language PART 1 1. Communication skills can be receptive and productive. 1a) List two receptive skills. Listening and reading 1b) List two productive skills. Speaking and writing 2. Listening and reading should be approached as a three-way process. List the three processes and explain what happens in each of them. • Pre listening – reading: This is the stage were you’re activating your background knowledge of a text by getting research on the topic you are going to listen to. Prepares you for what you are about to read and make you more receptive to the information, so that you understand it more easily. You prepare yourself for receiving the information and you active the prior knowledge text. • While listening – reading: This stage is what you do when listening to a text. The idea is to listen for meaning which means to obtain a message from the spoken word. Focus on listening, instead of worrying about catching every word. Try to establish the bigger picture during this stage. It’s very important to read actively. You should interact and engage with the text and not simply regard it passively. While reading, you are already constructing meaning and developing understanding. You concentrate on understanding the text and construct meaning as a whole. • Post listening – reading: This stage is what you do after listening to a text. After listening to the text, you can write down, analyse or debate about your opinions. This includes critically evaluating the context, writing a summary and answering factual questions about the text. You reflect on the text and your understanding of it and respond to it. They help you to process the text, organise and store the information that you extracted from it, and this information to your schematic knowledge of the topic. 3. Discuss whether the following strategies promote effective talk in the classroom. 3a) Talk partners Talk partners present an equal opportunity for all children to talk or speak and listen to each other’s views in a classroom. All children are given the opportunity to think and discuss and express themselves orally. It provides more opportunities for quality speaking and listening in the classroom, allows children to organise their thoughts, giving them time to think ahead of speaking out loud to a large group. 3b) Twos to fours It allows students to pop in and participate in talking about anything that is taking place and, in some occasions, one is invited to read to the class. In this strategy the teacher sets a particular problem for a pair to discuss. After discussion, the pair meet with another pair who have been given exactly the same task in order for them to compare the task and elaborate on their findings. 3c) Evoying Evoying is a powerful tool in helping students to understand new concepts since it includes debate. It also helps students to gather their thoughts process information and remember it. This strategy is effective in the classroom because they work in groups although, one member of each group is allocated the role of envoy. The envoy has the responsibility of gathering further information and resources as required, reporting progress to the teacher and seeking further clarification for the group. 3d) Jigsawing The Jigsawing technique includes organizing student group work to help them collaborate and rely on one another. This strategy is effective for accomplishing multiple tasks at once and for giving students a greater sense of individual responsibility. This strategy it’s effective in the classroom because children are organised in groups of four to six children to work on a collaborative activity. Each child in the group it’s given the responsibility of finding out more about one particular aspect of the problem. 4a) What is the difference between inference, summarizing and prediction? Inference’ is a noun and its meaning is the process of reaching a conclusion about something from known facts . An ‘inference’ can be a verbal statement, but more commonly it refers to a thought process. For example: It seems like a reasonable inference that it is cold outside, because everyone I see is wearing a coat. Prediction’ is also a noun. It means a statement about what will or might happen in the future. A ‘prediction’ generally is a verbal statement, but it can mean just a mental thought. For example: I made a prediction that it will snow tomorrow. There is also a commonly used verb form of ‘prediction’, ‘predict’. ‘To predict’ means to say that something might or will happen in the future. For example: I predict it will snow tomorrow. Summarising is defined as taking a lot of information and creating a condensed version that covers the main points. An example of summarising is writing a three or four-sentence description that touches upon the main points of a long book. So, to conclude, inference is a statement one makes with facts whereas prediction is when one makes a statement about something that might happen. To summarise is to gather the most important points of a text or book and write it in a few sentences. 4b) During which part of the reading process do you use each of them? Pre listening – reading: Inference While listening – reading: Summarising Post listening – reading: Prediction 5. Why is pronunciation important when you read out loud? Clear pronunciation lets students hear and understand better. It will help students with developing their reading, speaking and listening skills, by helping them to remember new vocabulary. It helps you to communicate critically without concussions. It encourages you to be able to sound out unfamiliar words by helping better your accent. PART 2 1) What type of text is ‘South Africa needs to think differently and embrace 4IR’? Informative text 2) b) Name three extra-textual clues that gave you your answer in (a) • Published date • Author • Name of the newspaper 1c) What reading strategy did you use to uncover the extra-textual clues? Skimming strategy. 2) Consider the text critically. 2a) What style and language are used in the text? The style used is formative text and Formal language as the text is less personal. 2b) How are the style and language related to the purpose of the text? The purpose of the text it’s to inform in the formal settings. 2c) Does the text communicate its point clearly or not? Yes, text uses a clear and simple language that’s easy to understand.