NUR2474 / NUR 2474 Pharmacology for Professional Nursing Rasmussen Exam 1 Review | Rated A | Latest 2022/ 2023

NUR2474 / NUR 2474 Pharmacology for Professional Nursing Rasmussen Exam 1 Review | Rated A | Latest 2022/ 2023 1. what are the risks of taking beta blockers (propranolol, metoprolol) ~ hypotension/orthostatic hypotension. Lower pulse, should have parameters in place of when to hold med (for heart rate and BP) 2. what are some cardiospecific beta blockers? ~ atenolol, metoprolol, bismolol 3. which beta blockers also affect alpha receptors (alpha/beta blockers)? ~ labetalol ~ carvedilol 4. Risks of beta blockers for diabetes and asthmatics ~ beta blockers are antiadrenergic drugs, so they will block fight or flight things such as increasing glucose needed or opening airways. ~ so beta blockers (blocking epinephrine) won’t be good for diabetics because of decreased blood sugar, and won’t allow airways to open up enough for asthmatics ~ a client with frequent PVCs and heart failure is taking nifedipine and metoprolol. 5. Why would a patient who is taking nifedipine sometimes end up taking beta blocker like metoprolol ~ nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia (it is a CCB) taking the beta blocker like metoprolol can help with that, but you need to watch their blood pressure even more! 6. Common side effects of CCBs such as nifedipine? ~ edema, flushing, constipation (think how calcium causes constipation) ~ reflex tachycardia with IR nifedipine, doesn't happen with verapamil and less common with nifedipine XR 7. Diet restrictions with CCBs ~ grapefruit! it will increase effects and lead to toxicity! 8. Rules on taking nitroglycerin ~ 5x3 rule. 5 min apart, only 3 doses call 911 after the 1st dose ~ sit down because they can become dizzy and low BP from vasodilation! 9. How should we store nitroglycerin? ~ original dark bottle at room temp. light will cause it to break down 10. When should you hold nitroglycerin? ~ if patient is also taking PDE5 inhibitor (viagra), this can cause BP to drop too much. ~ Don't give it to intoxicated people! 11. What are some drugs/classes that are antidysrhythmics? ~ beta blockers (lol) ~ CCBs (verapamil and diltiazem [nifedipine isn't because it can cause reflex tachycardia]) ~ K+ blockers (amiodarone) ~ Na+ blockers (quinidine, lidocane, flecanide digoxin (Lanoxin) 12. Amiodarone (Cordarone) classandaction ~ Potassium channel blocker/class III ~ blocks potassium channels but also effects Na+ and Ca++ channels and blocks beta adrenergic receptors. ~ slows conduction through AV node, ventricles, decreases contractility, dilates vessels 13. amiodorone (Cordarone) adverse effects ~ PULMONARY TOXICITYmay lead to pulmonary fibrosis (not for long term use) ~ life threatening arrhythmias hepatic harm risk ~ thyroid harm risk vision loss ~ Blue skin photosensitivity! wear sunscreen 14. amiodorone (Cordarone) care ~ make sure potassium level is stable (its a potassium blocker, so can lead to hyperK) ~ report dyspnea, vision loss, or changes in heart rhythm report chilling or fever (may be thyroid) ~ report yellow sclera (hepato effects) ~ limit time in sun/wear sunscreen blue skin 15. what is amiodorone's therapeutic use? ~ for Afibslows heart rate, resolves recurrent vtach/vfib