Biology
- Genetics and evolution
- Chapter 5: 1 up to and including 3 &
- Chapter 17: 1 till 5, 7 and 8 &
- Notes and hand-outs from class. Also make sure to study the
powerpoints. Some information can't be found in the book: mutations,
pedigrees, history of life, arguments evolution theory. Use the PPP to study
this.
- You should also know how to solve punnet squares and pedigrees.
5.1 Varation
External (visible) and internal (not visible with the naked eye)
Discontinuous variation:
Blood types, hair color, eye color, etc.
Continuous variation:
Length, weight, heart rate, etc.
Biometrics are used to identify people like fingerprints, iris scans, face shapes.
5.2 cause of variation
, 5.3 Species
Species = a group of organisms that share the same characteristics.
Members of a species can breed with each other.
Members of the same species don’t always look the same.
Scientists use this definition to clarify whether living things are the same species:
Members of a species can breed with each other and produce offspring that are able to
breed.
17.2 What makes us different
Fertilisation is the fusion of an egg cell (1 set of genes) with a sperm cell (1 set of genes). The
result is a fertilised egg cell (2 sets of genes).
Chromosomes are made up of DNA. On the chromosomes are genes.
Genes contain the information for the characteristics of an organism.
Genotype (all genes) + phenotype (genes + environment)
- Genetics and evolution
- Chapter 5: 1 up to and including 3 &
- Chapter 17: 1 till 5, 7 and 8 &
- Notes and hand-outs from class. Also make sure to study the
powerpoints. Some information can't be found in the book: mutations,
pedigrees, history of life, arguments evolution theory. Use the PPP to study
this.
- You should also know how to solve punnet squares and pedigrees.
5.1 Varation
External (visible) and internal (not visible with the naked eye)
Discontinuous variation:
Blood types, hair color, eye color, etc.
Continuous variation:
Length, weight, heart rate, etc.
Biometrics are used to identify people like fingerprints, iris scans, face shapes.
5.2 cause of variation
, 5.3 Species
Species = a group of organisms that share the same characteristics.
Members of a species can breed with each other.
Members of the same species don’t always look the same.
Scientists use this definition to clarify whether living things are the same species:
Members of a species can breed with each other and produce offspring that are able to
breed.
17.2 What makes us different
Fertilisation is the fusion of an egg cell (1 set of genes) with a sperm cell (1 set of genes). The
result is a fertilised egg cell (2 sets of genes).
Chromosomes are made up of DNA. On the chromosomes are genes.
Genes contain the information for the characteristics of an organism.
Genotype (all genes) + phenotype (genes + environment)
