A&P 1 101 Module 6 Lab Exam (GRADED A+) Questions and Answers- Portage Learning

Module 6 exam 6 endocrine system Question 1 5 / 5 pts Explain two reasons why a woman with low levels of LH would not be able to become pregnant. (1) LH acts on the ovary to cause ovulation to occur. (2) LH causes progesterone release to facilitate potential fertilization of the egg and pregnancy. Progesterone is a key hormone for the maintenance of pregnancy. Question 2 5 / 5 pts Would you expect a female to have testosterone in their bloodstream? Explain why or why not. (1) Yes. Both male and female bodies produce “all” the sex hormones. However, the ratios are different. (2) The adrenal glands are largely responsible for producing this “opposite” hormone that the ovaries would not. Question 3 10 / 10 pts Label the endocrine glands (A-C) A: B: C: A: Pineal gland B: Hypothalamus C: Pituitary gland Question 4 10 / 10 pts Explain the concept of positive feedback. Give an example of a hormone that works through positive feedback. . 1- Positive feedback is the action of a hormone increasing the production of that hormone. (This is the opposite of negative feedback). 2- One example is the action of oxytocin causing the uterus to contract during labor. Oxytocin enhances the effect of the uterus contractions, causing more oxytocin to be released. The positive feedback loop is stopped once the baby is born and the uterus no longer needs to contract, stopping the production of oxytocin. Question 5 2 / 2 pts This type of hormone is derived from cholesterol: Peptide hormones Catecholamines Correct! Steroid hormones Tyrosine Question 6 2 / 2 pts Growth hormone A. is most active during childhood/adolescence. B. can cause disease if levels are not correct. C. cannot affect an adult. Correct! D. A &B Question 7 2 / 2 pts Neurons in the hypothalamus are called Correct! Neurosecretory Vasopressin Melanocytes Somatotropic Question 8 2 / 2 pts Which hormone production is decreased with sunlight? MSH –melanocyte stimulating hormone Correct! melatonin cortisol GH -Growth hormone Question 9 2 / 2 pts The posterior pituitary stores these two hormones: ADH and Prolactin TSH and LH LH and FSH Correct! ADH and Oxytocin Question 10 2.5 / 2.5 pts List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I lower the level of calcium in the blood by depositing calcium into bone. Your Answer: Calcitonin Calcitonin Question 11 2.5 / 2.5 pts List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the pituitary to stimulate the thyroid. TSH Question 12 2.5 / 2.5 pts List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I am secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas. Insulin Question 13 2.5 / 2.5 pts List the hormone(s) that best describes the statement below: I cause blood glucose to rise and breakdown stored nutrients. Glucagon Question 14 10 / 10 pts Answer the following question. Explain in detail how PTH and calcitonin work to maintain calcium balance. Calcitonin: produced by the thyroid glands, deposits calcium into bone. Calcitonin opposes the action of PTH. When the blood calcium level reaches the appropriate level through all these means, the parathyroid glands stop producing PTH through negative feedback. PTH: produced by the parathyroid glands increase the amount of calcium in the blood. (Any one of the following explanations of PTH is acceptable) PTH stimulates the increased absorption of calcium from the intestines. PTH retains calcium through excreting phosphate at the kidneys. In the bones, PTH promotes the activity of osteoclasts to demineralize of the bone, increasing the amount of calcium in the blood. Question 15 1 / 2 pts Which hormone/s are involved in milk production? A. Thyroxin B. Oxytocin Correct Answer C. Prolactin You Answered D. B &C E. A&B Question 16 2 / 2 pts Which cells mature in the thymus? A. B cells Correct! B. T cells C. Red blood cells D. the islets of Langerhans E. A & B Question 17 2 / 2 pts Iodine is needed to produce which hormone/s? Correct! A. T3/T4 B. Gonadotropic C. ACTH D. TSH E. A & D Question 18 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is NOT a function of oxytocin? Uterine contraction Correct! Bone growth Milk letdown Given to aide in childbirth process Question 19 2 / 2 pts Which hormones are produced in the anterior pituitary? TSH, MSH, and calcitonin ADH, GH, and prolactin Correct! ACTH, FSH, and GH. PTH, TSH, and LH Question 20 10 / 10 pts Explain in detail why the thyroid becomes enlarged during an iodine deficiency? Your Answer: When there is a low level of thyroxin in the blood, the anterior pituitary continues to produce TSH. The thyroid responds by increasing in size and producing a goiter, but this increase in size is ineffective because active thyroxin cannot be produced without iodine. Question 21 8 / 10 pts Matching each of the following conditions with the one best explanation (1-5): 1. Jet Lag A. Underproduction of GH as a child 2. Pituitary dwarf B. Overproduction of GH as a child 3. Acromegaly C. Overproduction of GH as an adult 4. Inflammation D. Results if PTH is not produced in response to low blood calcium 5. Tetany E. Cortisol helps to counteract this condition F. Melatonin production is produced according to body’s normal rhythm G. Lack of erythropoietin to act on the bone marrow H. Results if calcitonin is not produced in response to low blood calcium Correct! 1. Jet Lag Correct! 2. Pituitary dwarf You Answered 3. Acromegaly Correct Answer C. Overproduction of GH as an adult Correct! 4. Inflammation Correct! 5. Tetany Other Incorrect Match Options: • B. Overproduction of GH as a child • G. Lack of erythropoietin to act on the bone marrow • H. Results if calcitonin is not produced in response to low blood calcium Question 22 2 / 2 pts In addition to the endocrine system, the pancreas is also part of which system? Excretory Nervous Circulatory Correct! Digestive Question 23 2 / 2 pts What hormone/s are produced by the adrenal medulla? Correct! A. Epinephrine B. Glucocorticoids C. Mineralocorticoids D. B & C Question 24 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is false regarding aldosterone? It is a regulated by the concentration of sodium. It causes the kidneys to excrete potassium and retain sodium. Correct! It causes the kidneys to retain potassium and excrete sodium. It is a mineralocorticoid. It increases blood pressure Question 25 2 / 2 pts If you were calcium deficient, which hormone would most likely need to increase in your body in order to compensate? Correct! PTH Calcitonin Erythropietin TSH Question 26 2 / 2 pts Which of the following is false regarding testosterone? Production is highest in puberty. It causes growth of the sex organs. It is required for the maturation of sperm. Correct! It causes males to have a wider pelvis (compared to females