Nr 559 Midterm Study Guide

General Principles of Nursing Informatics - Verbalize the importance of health information system with clinical practice - Knowledge of the different types of clinical and administrative uses of the health information system - Ensure confidentiality of protected patient health information - Assure access control in the use of health information systems Nursing Informatics - The specialty that integrates nursing science with multiple information and analytical sciences to identify, define, manage, and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice Nursing Informatics Supports - Nurses, consumers, patients, the inter-professional healthcare team, and all other stake holders in their decision in all roles and settings to achieve desired outcomes What are the 2 levels of Nursing Informatics? - Practice Generalists - Informatic Nurse Specialists Data - Uninterpreted items, often referred to as data elements Example of data - A person’s weight without additional data elements such as height, age, gender, and overall healthy would be impossible to interpret the significance of an individual number Information - A group of data elements that have been organized and processed so that one can interpret the significance of data elements Example of information - Ht, wt, age, and gender are data elements that can be used to calculate BMI. The BMI can be used to determine if the individual is underweight, overweight, normal weight, or obese Knowledge - Buit on a formalization of the relationship and interrelationship between data and information - Knowing information and using it to support decisions and task - Understanding which intervention is appropriate Knowledge base and a set of rules - Knowledge base makes it possible to understand - Several automated decisions support a set of rules for applying the knowledge base in a specific situation Knowledge base and set of rules examples - Knowledge base: A fever or elevated temp often brings a chill. At the beginning of the chill the pt temp may be normal or sub-normal but in 30 mins it is likely that a pt will have a fever - Set of rules: If pt complains of chill then take pt temp and repeat in 30 mins Wisdom - Appropriate use of data information and knowledge in making decision and implementing nursing actions - Can be gained from knowledge, past experiences, and time - Ability to integrate data, information, and knowledge with professional values when managing specific human problems Scientific underpinning - Provides the basis of knowledge for the advance practice nurse, such as biology, physiology, psychology, ethics, and nursing - The sciences underpinning nursing informatics is nursing science, information science, and computer science The Foundation of Knowledge Model - Proposes that humans are organic information systems constantly acquiring, processing, and generating information or knowledge in both professional and personal lives - This theory involves integrating four main kinds of knowledge: o Knowledge acquisition – the act of getting knowledge o Knowledge dissemination – distributing and sharing of knowledge o Knowledge generation – the creation of new knowledge by changing and evolving knowledge based on one’s experience, education, and input from others o Knowledge processing – the activity or process of gathering or collecting, perceiving, analyzing, synthesizing, saving or storing, manipulating, conveying, and transmitting knowledge - With time, we begin to transform our experiences and applied knowledge into it highest form known as wisdom Computer science - Theoretical foundations of information and computation and their implementation and application in computer systems - Looks at how the human mind works from an information processing perspective Cognitive science - The study of thought, learning, and mental organization, which draws on aspects of psychology, linguistics, philosophy, and computer modeling Information science - Integrates features of cognitive science, communication science, library science, and social sciences - Deals with the retrieval and management as well as human-computer interactions Nursing science - The ethical application of knowledge acquired through education, research, and practice to provide services and interventions to patients so as to maintain, enhance, or restore their health; to advocate for health; and to acquire, process, generate, and disseminate nursing knowledge to advance the nursing practice Standard Terminology - Universally understood language that goes across all members of the healthcare team. STs contribute to the development of knowledge because they ensure that all professionals share the same understanding or meaning of given concept, to clarify communication, facilitate research, and provide structure for decision support tools and EHRs. - As you look at the Foundation of Knowledge model, STs support knowledge acquisition, dissemination, generation, and processing o Nomenclature: refers to a system of rules and procedures for adding names used in an art or science, such as nursing o Classification: systems that capture categories, which are then used to determine costs or outcomes but are insufficient in detail for clinical documentation purposes o Taxonomy: which uses classification according to a predetermined system, with the resulting catalog used to provide a conceptual framework for discussion, analysis, or information retrieval o Data set: which refers to a named collection of data consisting of individual information organized in a prescribed fashion