BCSP - CSP exam 2023 with 100% correct answers

What part of an organization is directly responsible for safety? The Line - People doing work on the floor Safety Policy A broad statement outlining an organizational commitment to safety Safety Program A broad set of plans and policies addressing the safety goals of an organization Plan A documented strategy for getting something accomplished - it may or may not be implemented. Ex. of not implemented: natural disasters Heinrich's Theory 88% of accidents caused by unsafe acts 3 "Es" for preventing accidents caused by unsafe acts according to Heinrich Engineering, Education, Enforcement McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y Theory X ("Xternal): Employees need external rewards and punishments - employees need some consequences and do not have internal motivation Theory Y: Some employees are internally motivated Theory Z Japanese style management theory - team approach Chris Agyris - Incongruence Theory There is disconnect between management and workers Herzberg Motivation/Hygiene Theory Hygiene (Satisfaction) Factors: - Money - Status - Relationship with Manager - Company Policies - Work Conditions Motivation Factors: - Achievement - Recognition - Enjoyment of Work - Possibility of Promotion - Responsibility Must build both Satisfaction and Motivation into job Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Safety second in this hierarchy (MAYBE LOOK TO LECTURE FOR MORE HERE TOO) Pareto Principle 80-20 Rule; 80% of effects results from 20% of causes Role of Principals in a Company Set policies and objectives for an organization. CEO: Sets example for safety; should participate in safety meetings From where is authority of safety function in a company generally derived? Ability to influence LINE management How is the size of safety department generally determined? - Frequency of Accidents - Tasks Assigned to Safety Department - Number of Workers ISO 9001 - QUALITY CONTROL standard - Documentation is key - Elements: - Quality MANAGEMENT SYSTEM - Management RESPONSIBILITY - RESOURCE management - Product REALIZATION - Measurement, Analysis, Improvement ISO 14000 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ISO 4501 Standard being developed for safety OHSAS 18000 - Voluntary Standard - Aimed at helping organizations control occupational health/safety risks ANZI/AIHA Z10 - "Plan, do, check, act" model OSHA VPP - Voluntary Protection Program - 4 Components: - Management LEADERSHIP and employee INVOLVEMENT - Worksite ANALYSIS - Hazard PREVENTION and CONTROL - Safety and Health TRAINING General Duty Clause (OSHA) - Catch-all clause that OSHA uses if there is not a specific regulation that applies - Employers must provide a safe worksite OSHA Inspection Priority 1. Imminent Danger - Ex. People observed working on the roof not tied off 2. Catastrophe/Accident 3. Employee Complaint 4. Programmed High Hazard - Scheduled inspections for high hazard industries 5. Follow-Up Horizontal and Vertical Standards - Horizontal: applies to everyone - Vertical: industry specific (ex. welding) - Vertical takes precedence over horizontal OSHA 300 Log - Annual log of injuries and illnesses - Must be posted Feb 1 - APRIL 30 each year OSHA 301 Form Incident Log Machine Safeguarding Principles - Prevent people from contacting dangerous machine parts - Moving parts - Hot parts - Prevent flying parts from hitting people Machine Motions - 5 types 1. Rotation - Shafts - Pulleys 2. Reciprocating or Transverse - Jig-saw 3. In-running Nip Points (Pinch point) - Chain and sprocket - Belt and pulley 4. Cutting - Circular saw - Drill 5. Punching - Shearing, bending Danger Line - Point where dangerous action occurs - Pinch point narrowing to 3/8 INCH or less Machine Safeguarding Methods - Physical Guards - Physically prevent contact - Devices - De-energize system when enter hazardous area - Distance - keep dangerous parts out of reach of contact - Location - Dangerous operations located in separate area from people Qualities of Effective Safeguarding Methods - Exist as function of machine - Difficult to override Guard Distance from Danger Line Distance from danger line increases as max opening width increases Physical Guard Properties Physical Guards MUST: - Be PERMANENT part of machine - PREVENT ACCESS to the danger zone - DURABLE to resist wear - ALLOW routine MAINTENANCE Physical Guards MUST NOT: - INTERFERE with machine operation - Create additional hazards themselves Enclosure Enclosing hazard is an effective way to eliminate injuries Interlocks De-activate equipment when guard removed - Ex. Washing machine