WGU C426 Exam Study Guide Latest Updated

is the obligation to do good. the principle that caregivers are obligated to provide benefits to patients. - ANSWER-Beneficence is the principle that caregivers are obligated to avoid causing harm to patients. - ANSWER-Nonmaleficence Consider the common occurence of an uninsured patient who needs and wants a procedure but cannot afford it. Which ethical principles are being violated? - ANSWER-Beneficence and Justice A patient wishes to end her life through physician-assisted suicide. Which of these principles are in conflict in this scenario? Beneficence Nonmaleficence Justice Autonomy - ANSWER-Nonmaleficence and Autonomy A hospital is deciding who is most eligible for an organ transplant: a young boy with few health complications or an elderly woman with many. Which of these principles is violated if one patient receives an organ transplant and the other does not? Beneficence Nonmaleficence Justice Autonomy - ANSWER-All of these principles are being violated in some way. A 55-year-old patient has a rare autoimmune disorder with no cure. However, there are non-approved hospital-based treatments shown to be somewhat effective in controlling the symptoms and possibly prolonging life. The patient does not have the financial means to afford these uncovered treatments.What is a financial recourse for this patient? finding available state funding getting approval from Medicare asking the hospital for a payment plan - ANSWER-Asking the hospital for a payment plan An 86-year-old patient is suffering from a tumor and only has Medicare for insurance. The tumor will eventually grow to occlude the airway, so surgery is required even though the patient's medical history makes this a high-risk procedure. The patient must decide whether to proceed with the surgery.Which cost must this patient consider? hospitalization probate court hospice care affordable healthcare plan - ANSWER-Hospitalization A hospital patient is placed on a ventilator after having a heart attack. The hospital staff believes the patient will never regain consciousness and will die in two to six months. The family is divided on whether or not to remove the patient from life support.What is the role of the healthcare ethics committee in advising on this case? - ANSWER-to promote shared decision making among stakeholders An 85-year-old patient is rushed to the hospital and diagnosed with a stroke. The physician advises the family that artificial nutrition and hydration will be required to keep the patient alive. The patient's family requests a consult with the hospital's ethics committee before proceeding with a decision.Which external issue would affect the ethics committee's advice to the family? - ANSWER-the various healthcare regulations that would apply A vendor offers the logistics department manager at a community hospital an all-expenses-paid trip for four to a ski lodge. The manager went on the trip.Why did a potential conflict of interest occur? - ANSWER-The manager used the relationship for personal financial gain The National Association for Healthcare Quality (NAHQ) covers many principles that pertain to the ethical operation of an organization.Which standard addresses this concept? - ANSWER-Providing updated, relevant training to organizational leadership A patient who is religious has an appointment with an ear, nose, and throat doctor to have his ears cleaned of wax buildup. When the patient arrives at the doctor's office, the nurse says his appointment is for another procedure the doctor determined to be necessary. After the appointment, the patient requested the doctor change the reason for the visit to increase reimbursement.Which aspect of a code of ethics did this physician violate? the patient will be provided with care of the highest quality the patients culture, religion, and heritage be honored the patient will be treated with honesty, dignity, and respect. - ANSWER-the patient will be treated with honesty, dignity, and respect A patient with tuberculosis was admitted to the hospital and is refusing treatment. When the patient's nurse leaves the room, the patient leaves the hospital.Which ethical duty should the nurse perform? treat warn maintain privacy maintain confidentiality - ANSWER-Warn A 23-year-old Christian scientist has been hit by a car and taken to the emergency room (ER). The patient presents to the ER and complains of pain. The patient's leg appears to be broken, so the ER staff prepares to take the patient's X-rays. When the staff arrives, the patient becomes angry, refuses the X-rays, and leaves the emergency room.Which ethical factor influences this patient's refusal of treatment? justice religion beneficence nonmaleficence - ANSWER-religion A healthcare worker returns from an 11-week approved absence taken to care for a sick parent. The department manager demotes the employee for being absent too long.Which regulation did the department manager violate? fair labor standards act family and medical leave act equal employment opportunity act - ANSWER-family and medical leave act A healthcare worker with an on-the-job back injury is placed on light duty. The worker is assigned to assist in the office with copying and filing, and asks the supervisor to move the desk closer to the copier due to pain while walking. The hurt employee provides supporting documentation from a physician, but the supervisor refuses to honor the request and terminates the worker for not performing the given responsibilities. The worker files a lawsuit for wrongful dismissal.Which act did this supervisor violate? American disabilities Act family medical leave act undue hardship leave act temporary total disability act - ANSWER-American disabilities act Many provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) were enacted to assist citizens in obtaining access to healthcare insurance and coverage.How does this act impact healthcare? - ANSWER-Group or individual health insurers providing dependent coverage of children must make coverage available to adult children up to age 26 The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA) of 2010 is projected to expand health insurance coverage to an estimated 30 million people.How has this act expanded coverage? it has subsidized insurance companies it has created a universal healthcare plan it has allowed for a major Medicaid expansion - ANSWER-it has allowed for a major Medicaid expansion In a hospital setting, a caregiver must inform a patient there is no cure for the patient's disease. To avoid possibly causing serious psychological harm by telling the patient, "There is nothing else I can do for you," the caregiver tells the patient, "Although there is currently no cure for your disease, I will treat your symptoms and make you more comfortable. I will also keep you informed as to any significant research regarding development of a cure for your disease."Which ethical principle is being used in resolving this dilemma? Justice Veracity Autonomy Nonmaleficence - ANSWER-Nonmaleficence A patient is going to have a surgical procedure to remove a brain tumor. The patient's neurosurgeon is part of a research study in which patients' tumors are collected and stored. What must the surgeon obtain to keep the patient's tumor for research? - ANSWER-Informed consent A person is found unconscious and taken to the emergency room. It is determined that the patient is bleeding from the head and requires emergency surgery. Surgery is immediately performed and the patient recovers. Which assumption did the healthcare providers act upon? adequacy autonomy implied concent power of attorney - ANSWER-Implied consent A terminally ill patient wants to remove aggressive life-sustaining measures. The patient's two children strongly disagree.What patient right must the physician consider? Authority adequacy competency informed consent - ANSWER-competency A patient participated in a clinical research trial that tests the effects of a new cancer-fighting drug. The patient develops a serious complication and dies. The patient's spouse, who was at every clinic visit, is convinced the patient was not provided alternatives to participation in the study.What is the alleged patient right violation? Authority Adequacy Autonomy Accountability - ANSWER-Adequacy A physician feels a patient does not have the ability to make a rational decision regarding termination of hemodialysis. However, the nurse knows the patient has an understanding of the choices regarding medical management based on conversations with the patient. The physician insists on disregarding the patient's pleas.Which patient right does this situation describe? Privacy Capacity Duty of Care Advance directives - ANSWER-Capacity An unconscious elderly patient in acute respiratory failure is brought to an emergency department and is intubated. The patient's family requests that the patient be extubated in keeping with the patient's advance directive. The physician refuses, saying it would be detrimental to the patient's health.Which patient right has been violated? the right to fidelity the right to veracity the right to autonomy the right to informed consent - ANSWER-the right to autonomy An 86-year-old single adult with three children and a living will is hospitalized with pneumonia. Despite antibiotics and supportive care, the patient's pneumonia progresses, and hypoxemia and delirium develop. The patient's physician recommends mechanical ventilation.Which concept of autonomy applies to this scenario? justice beneficence advance directives right to refuse treatment - ANSWER-advance directives A patient requests the withdrawal of hemodialysis, consistent with his advance directive. The physician, however, insists on disregarding the patient's wishes.Which ethical right of the patient pertains to this scenario? justice authority autonomy informed consent - ANSWER-autonomy A patient is considering partcipating in a cancer research study that is being conducted by a government organization. Prior to enrollment, the patient is concerned about termination if the employmer finds out about the patient's partcipation. Which right under informed concent should be discussed with this patient to alleviate any concerns? A right to confidentiality A right to continued employment A right to protection under HIPPA - ANSWER-A right to confidentiality A patient signs an informed consent for an experimental trial. After three months of participating in the study, the patient does not want further doses of the medication.Which right is the patient exercising? privacy withdrawal non-coercion independence - ANSWER-withdrawal A research hospital is conducting clinical trials for a new medical procedure, and several of its affiliated surgeons are part of the research team. One surgeon has been actively recruiting patients from his colleagues to participate.What is the primary requirement for this recruitment? The patients haven given a written consent for the research An adequate number of patients are recruited to ensure proficiency. The patient sample is adequately mixed in demographic characteristics. - ANSWER-The patients have given a written consent for the research. A diabetic patient was going to eat a cream puff and take extra insulin. After being advised that this was not a good practice, the patient decided to eat the sugar-free cookies.Which two ethical principles are in conflict with each other in this medical decision?Choose 2 answers Justice Veracity Autonomy Beneficence - ANSWER-Autonomy and Beneficence A 70-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital because of an accidental gunshot wound. The patient is pale and losing blood and needs a blood transfusion. The patient is responsive but refuses the transfusion based on religious beliefs. Which two rights is this patient exercising in regard to care? dignity justice capacity autonomy - ANSWER-capacity and autonomy A patient was admitted into the hospital with a chronic condition. The hospital transporter came to pick up the patient for a surgical screening procedure. The patient refused because he was not aware that it was being done. Which type of consent should have been executed? verbal implied informed expressed - ANSWER-informed A supervisor requests to have only female nurses treat patients because the supervisor supports traditional gender roles.Why is this supervisor's request inappropriate? It violates the Civil Rights Act of 1964 It violates the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act It violates the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 - ANSWER-It violates the Civil Rights Act of 1964