TEST BANK
Biology
Neil A. Campbell, Reece, Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, & Jackson
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Themes in the Study of Life 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 17
Chapter 3 Water and the Fitness of the Environment 42
Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 62
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 83
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell 112
Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function 132
Chapter 8 An Introduction to Metabolism 153
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy 175
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis 203
Chapter 11 Cell Communication 224
Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle 240
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 266
Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea 285
Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 310
Chapter 16 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 330
Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein 349
Chapter 18 Regulation of Gene Expression 373
Chapter 19 Viruses 399
Chapter 20 Biotechnology 410
Chapter 21 Genomes and Their Evolution 430
Chapter 22 Descent with Modification A Darwinian View of Life 440
Chapter 23 The Evolution of Populations 457
Chapter 24 The Origin of Species 482
Chapter 25 The History of Life on Earth 500
Chapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life 527
Chapter 27 Bacteria and Archaea 554
Chapter 28 Protists 578
Chapter 29 Plant Diversity I How Plants Colonized Land 601
Chapter 30 Plant Diversity II The Evolution of Seed Plants 622
Chapter 31 Fungi 649
Chapter 32 An Introduction to Animal Diversity 671
Chapter 33 Invertebrates 696
Chapter 34 Vertebrates 724
Chapter 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development 753
Chapter 36 Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants 773
Chapter 37 Soil and Plant Nutrition 793
Chapter 38 Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology 814
,Chapter 39 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 835
Chapter 40 Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function 862
Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition 881
Chapter 42 Circulation and Gas Exchange 899
Chapter 43 The Immune System 919
Chapter 44 Osmoregulation and Excretion 941
Chapter 45 Hormones and the Endocrine System 954
Chapter 46 Animal Reproduction 972
Chapter 47 Animal Development 993
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 1013
Chapter 49 Nervous Systems 1026
Chapter 50 Sensory and Motor Mechanisms 1038
Chapter 51 Animal Behavior 1054
Chapter 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere 1073
Chapter 53 Population Ecology 1094
Chapter 54 Community Ecology 1124
Chapter 55 Ecosystems 1145
Chapter 56 Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology 1168
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
Biology, 8e (Campbell)
Chapter 1 Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things?
A) evolutionary adaptations
B) energy processing
C) responding to the environment
D) growth and reproduction
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Topic: Overview
Skill: Knowledge/Application
2) Which of the following is not a theme that unifies biology?
A) interaction with the environment
B) emergent properties
C) evolution
D) reductionism
E) structure and function
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
3) Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the
least to the most complex level?
A) organelle, tissue, biosphere, ecosystem, population, organism
B) cell, community, population, organ system, molecule, organelle
C) organism, community, biosphere, molecule, tissue, organ
D) ecosystem, cell, population, tissue, organism, organ system
E) molecule, cell, organ system, population, ecosystem, biosphere
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
4) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a
A) biosystem.
B) community.
C) population.
D) ecosystem.
E) family.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
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1|Page
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Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
Skill: Knowledge/Application
5) Which of the following is a false statement regarding DNA?
A) Each chromosome has one very long DNA molecule with hundreds of thousands of genes.
B) Every cell is enclosed by a membrane.
C) Every cell uses DNA as its genetic information.
D) All forms of life are composed of cells that have a membrane-enclosed nucleus.
E) DNA is the unit of inheritance that is transmitted from parent to offspring.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
6) In terms of the hierarchical organization of life, a bacterium is at the __________ level of
organization, whereas a human is at the __________ level of organization.
A) single-celled organism; multicellular organism
B) single organelle; organism
C) organelle; organ system
D) single tissue; multicellular organism
E) tissue; organism
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
7) Which of these is a correct representation of the hierarchy of biological organization from
least to most complex?
A) organelle of a stomach cell, digestive system, large intestine, small intestine, intestinal tissue,
organism
B) organelle of an intestinal cell, digestive system, small intestine, large intestine, intestinal
tissue, organism
C) molecule, intestinal cell organelle, intestinal cell, intestinal tissue, digestive system, organism
D) molecule, small intestine, large intestine, intestinal tissue, digestive system, organism
E) molecule, digestive system, digestive cell organelle, small intestine, large intestine, intestinal
cell, organism
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
8) Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example,
plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into
A) the energy of motion.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) the potential energy of chemical bonds.
D) oxygen.
E) kinetic energy.
Answer: C
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
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Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
9) The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
E) ATP.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
10) The dynamics of any ecosystem include the following major processes:
A) the flow of energy from sunlight to producers
B) the flow of energy from sunlight to producers and then to consumers
C) the recycling of chemical nutrients
D) the flow of energy to producers and the recycling of nutrients
E) the flow of energy from sunlight to producers and then to consumers, and the recycling of
chemical nutrients.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
11) For most ecosystems __________ is (are) the ultimate source of energy, and energy leaves
the ecosystem in the form of __________.
A) sunlight; heat
B) heat; light
C) plants; animals
D) plants; heat
E) producers; consumers
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
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3|Page
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Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
12) The illustration above represents
A) a computer simulation of the structure of a eukaryotic cell.
B) a map of a network of protein interactions within a eukaryotic cell.
C) an inventory of all the genes in a fruit fly.
D) an X-ray diffraction image of the nucleus and cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.
E) a computer generated map of the interaction of genes and cytoplasm in a prokaryotic cell.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
13) The lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life
is the
A) organelle–for example, a chloroplast.
B) cell–for example, a skin cell.
C) tissue–for example, nervous tissue.
D) organ system–for example, the reproductive system.
E) organism–for example, an amoeba, dog, human, or maple tree.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
14) Which of the following is a false statement regarding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
A) Each deoxyribonucleic acid molecule is composed of two long chains of nucleotides arranged
in a double helix.
B) Genes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid.
C) DNA is composed of chemical building blocks called nucleotides.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
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, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
D) DNA is a code for the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
E) DNA is an enzyme that puts together amino acids to make a protein.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
15) Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic
material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
16) Which of the following statements concerning prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is not
correct?
A) Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
B) Prokaryotic cells contain small membrane-enclosed organelles.
C) Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus.
D) DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
E) DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
17) Which of the following is reflective of the phrase "the whole is greater than the sum of its
parts"?
A) high-throughput technology
B) emergent properties
C) natural selection
D) reductionism
E) feedback regulations
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
18) In order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance, one must understand the molecular
structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of __________ to the study of biology.
A) evolution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
Biology
Neil A. Campbell, Reece, Urry, Cain, Wasserman, Minorsky, & Jackson
8th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Themes in the Study of Life 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 17
Chapter 3 Water and the Fitness of the Environment 42
Chapter 4 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 62
Chapter 5 The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules 83
Chapter 6 A Tour of the Cell 112
Chapter 7 Membrane Structure and Function 132
Chapter 8 An Introduction to Metabolism 153
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration Harvesting Chemical Energy 175
Chapter 10 Photosynthesis 203
Chapter 11 Cell Communication 224
Chapter 12 The Cell Cycle 240
Chapter 13 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 266
Chapter 14 Mendel and the Gene Idea 285
Chapter 15 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 310
Chapter 16 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 330
Chapter 17 From Gene to Protein 349
Chapter 18 Regulation of Gene Expression 373
Chapter 19 Viruses 399
Chapter 20 Biotechnology 410
Chapter 21 Genomes and Their Evolution 430
Chapter 22 Descent with Modification A Darwinian View of Life 440
Chapter 23 The Evolution of Populations 457
Chapter 24 The Origin of Species 482
Chapter 25 The History of Life on Earth 500
Chapter 26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life 527
Chapter 27 Bacteria and Archaea 554
Chapter 28 Protists 578
Chapter 29 Plant Diversity I How Plants Colonized Land 601
Chapter 30 Plant Diversity II The Evolution of Seed Plants 622
Chapter 31 Fungi 649
Chapter 32 An Introduction to Animal Diversity 671
Chapter 33 Invertebrates 696
Chapter 34 Vertebrates 724
Chapter 35 Plant Structure, Growth, and Development 753
Chapter 36 Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants 773
Chapter 37 Soil and Plant Nutrition 793
Chapter 38 Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology 814
,Chapter 39 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 835
Chapter 40 Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function 862
Chapter 41 Animal Nutrition 881
Chapter 42 Circulation and Gas Exchange 899
Chapter 43 The Immune System 919
Chapter 44 Osmoregulation and Excretion 941
Chapter 45 Hormones and the Endocrine System 954
Chapter 46 Animal Reproduction 972
Chapter 47 Animal Development 993
Chapter 48 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 1013
Chapter 49 Nervous Systems 1026
Chapter 50 Sensory and Motor Mechanisms 1038
Chapter 51 Animal Behavior 1054
Chapter 52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere 1073
Chapter 53 Population Ecology 1094
Chapter 54 Community Ecology 1124
Chapter 55 Ecosystems 1145
Chapter 56 Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology 1168
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
Biology, 8e (Campbell)
Chapter 1 Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life
Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Which of the following properties or processes do we associate with living things?
A) evolutionary adaptations
B) energy processing
C) responding to the environment
D) growth and reproduction
E) all of the above
Answer: E
Topic: Overview
Skill: Knowledge/Application
2) Which of the following is not a theme that unifies biology?
A) interaction with the environment
B) emergent properties
C) evolution
D) reductionism
E) structure and function
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
3) Which of the following sequences represents the hierarchy of biological organization from the
least to the most complex level?
A) organelle, tissue, biosphere, ecosystem, population, organism
B) cell, community, population, organ system, molecule, organelle
C) organism, community, biosphere, molecule, tissue, organ
D) ecosystem, cell, population, tissue, organism, organ system
E) molecule, cell, organ system, population, ecosystem, biosphere
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
4) A localized group of organisms that belong to the same species is called a
A) biosystem.
B) community.
C) population.
D) ecosystem.
E) family.
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
Skill: Knowledge/Application
5) Which of the following is a false statement regarding DNA?
A) Each chromosome has one very long DNA molecule with hundreds of thousands of genes.
B) Every cell is enclosed by a membrane.
C) Every cell uses DNA as its genetic information.
D) All forms of life are composed of cells that have a membrane-enclosed nucleus.
E) DNA is the unit of inheritance that is transmitted from parent to offspring.
Answer: D
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
6) In terms of the hierarchical organization of life, a bacterium is at the __________ level of
organization, whereas a human is at the __________ level of organization.
A) single-celled organism; multicellular organism
B) single organelle; organism
C) organelle; organ system
D) single tissue; multicellular organism
E) tissue; organism
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
7) Which of these is a correct representation of the hierarchy of biological organization from
least to most complex?
A) organelle of a stomach cell, digestive system, large intestine, small intestine, intestinal tissue,
organism
B) organelle of an intestinal cell, digestive system, small intestine, large intestine, intestinal
tissue, organism
C) molecule, intestinal cell organelle, intestinal cell, intestinal tissue, digestive system, organism
D) molecule, small intestine, large intestine, intestinal tissue, digestive system, organism
E) molecule, digestive system, digestive cell organelle, small intestine, large intestine, intestinal
cell, organism
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
8) Organisms interact with their environments, exchanging matter and energy. For example,
plant chloroplasts convert the energy of sunlight into
A) the energy of motion.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) the potential energy of chemical bonds.
D) oxygen.
E) kinetic energy.
Answer: C
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
9) The main source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
E) ATP.
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
10) The dynamics of any ecosystem include the following major processes:
A) the flow of energy from sunlight to producers
B) the flow of energy from sunlight to producers and then to consumers
C) the recycling of chemical nutrients
D) the flow of energy to producers and the recycling of nutrients
E) the flow of energy from sunlight to producers and then to consumers, and the recycling of
chemical nutrients.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
11) For most ecosystems __________ is (are) the ultimate source of energy, and energy leaves
the ecosystem in the form of __________.
A) sunlight; heat
B) heat; light
C) plants; animals
D) plants; heat
E) producers; consumers
Answer: A
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
12) The illustration above represents
A) a computer simulation of the structure of a eukaryotic cell.
B) a map of a network of protein interactions within a eukaryotic cell.
C) an inventory of all the genes in a fruit fly.
D) an X-ray diffraction image of the nucleus and cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell.
E) a computer generated map of the interaction of genes and cytoplasm in a prokaryotic cell.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
13) The lowest level of biological organization that can perform all the activities required for life
is the
A) organelle–for example, a chloroplast.
B) cell–for example, a skin cell.
C) tissue–for example, nervous tissue.
D) organ system–for example, the reproductive system.
E) organism–for example, an amoeba, dog, human, or maple tree.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
14) Which of the following is a false statement regarding deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)?
A) Each deoxyribonucleic acid molecule is composed of two long chains of nucleotides arranged
in a double helix.
B) Genes are composed of deoxyribonucleic acid.
C) DNA is composed of chemical building blocks called nucleotides.
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology, 8th Edition (Campbell, 2009)
D) DNA is a code for the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
E) DNA is an enzyme that puts together amino acids to make a protein.
Answer: E
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
15) Which of the following types of cells utilize deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) as their genetic
material but do not have their DNA encased within a nuclear envelope?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
E) protists
Answer: C
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
16) Which of the following statements concerning prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is not
correct?
A) Prokaryotic cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus.
B) Prokaryotic cells contain small membrane-enclosed organelles.
C) Eukaryotic cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus.
D) DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is present in both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells.
E) DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells.
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
17) Which of the following is reflective of the phrase "the whole is greater than the sum of its
parts"?
A) high-throughput technology
B) emergent properties
C) natural selection
D) reductionism
E) feedback regulations
Answer: B
Topic: Concept 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Application
18) In order to understand the chemical basis of inheritance, one must understand the molecular
structure of DNA. This is an example of the application of __________ to the study of biology.
A) evolution
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
https://www.stuvia.com/en-us/user/AllStudyGuides
