Test Bank for Pioneers of Psychology, 5e
Raymond Fancher, Alexandra Rutherford
(All Chapters)
Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of studying the history of psy-
chology, as described in the textbook?
a. allows us to step outside the discipline and see the mechanisms of psychology
b. allows us to understand the reflexive nature of psychology
c. allows us to predict future developments in psychology
d. allows us to see how ideas that now appear odd or incorrect made sense in their
original context
ANS: C DIF: Hard
OBJ: Understand the benefits of studying the history of psychology.
2. Franz Mesmer’s theory of animal magnetism made sense in the late eighteenth centu-
ry because
a. animals were found to have magnetic currents flowing through their bodies.
b. a number of other invisible forces in nature were identified at this time.
c. it had been conclusively shown that animals could be hypnotized.
d. the use of magnets to redirect the body’s natural energy was a popular medical
treatment.
, ANS: B DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Understand the benefits of studying the history of psychology.
3. Reflexivity refers to the
a. ability to become aware our actions and to reflect upon them.
b. fact that humans possess instinctual reflexes.
c. ability to reflect on past events in history.
d. fact that nonhuman animals possess instinctual reflexes.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Understand the benefits of studying the history of psychology.
4. As part of his efforts to establish the history of psychology as a subfield of psycholo-
gy Robert I. Watson accomplished all of the following EXCEPT
a. helped establish the first graduate training program in the history and theory of
psychology.
b. wrote the article “History of Psychology: A Neglected Area.”
c. founded the Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences.
d. established the Archives of the History of American Psychology in Akron, Ohio.
ANS: D DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify Watson.
5. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of historiography, as described in your
text?
a. the theory of writing history
b. the critique of writing history
c. the methods of writing history
d. the history of writing history
, ANS: B DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
6. When writing history, a focus on the development of ideas in their intellectual and
disciplinary context is referred to as __________, while a focus on the influence of
social and political factors on the development of ideas is referred to as __________.
a. presentism; historicism
b. the interior approach; the exterior approach
c. the Great Man approach; the zeitgeist approach
d. internalism; externalism
ANS: D DIF: Easy OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
7. In the Great Man approach to history, the focus is on
a. external factors that influenced what eminent figures in history achieved.
b. individual, eminent people who contributed significantly to the field.
c. the role of zeitgeist in an individual’s contributions to the field.
d. the individual psychology of people who made significant contributions to the
field.
ANS: B DIF: Easy OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
8. Historians who argue that the “spirit of the times” influenced individuals’ achieve-
ments and the way in which they were received are adopting what approach to histo-
ry?
a. the zeitgeist approach
b. the Great Man approach
c. the externalist approach
d. the presentist approach
, ANS: A DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
9. Historians who adopt sophisticated presentism argue that
a. present-day psychologists cannot draw research inspiration from past develop-
ments in the field.
b. we should avoid being overly critical of individuals or events in history.
c. in its present state, psychology is not necessarily the “correct” or “best” state of
the field.
d. we should avoid a positive bias toward individuals or events in history.
ANS: C DIF: Hard OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
10. Surveying the state of the field in the 1980s, historian of psychology Laurel Furumo-
to observed that histories of psychology were moving beyond mere celebratory ac-
counts of the past. The move to include more diversity in these histories is something
she termed __________.
a. historicism
b. sophisticated presentism
c. historiography
d. new history of psychology
ANS: D DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
11. Laurel Furumoto’s term new history of psychology refers to the move to histories that
are more sensitive to context and reflect greater diversity. This new approach is also
called
a. critical history of psychology.
b. sophisticated presentism.
Raymond Fancher, Alexandra Rutherford
(All Chapters)
Introduction: Studying the History of Psychology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of studying the history of psy-
chology, as described in the textbook?
a. allows us to step outside the discipline and see the mechanisms of psychology
b. allows us to understand the reflexive nature of psychology
c. allows us to predict future developments in psychology
d. allows us to see how ideas that now appear odd or incorrect made sense in their
original context
ANS: C DIF: Hard
OBJ: Understand the benefits of studying the history of psychology.
2. Franz Mesmer’s theory of animal magnetism made sense in the late eighteenth centu-
ry because
a. animals were found to have magnetic currents flowing through their bodies.
b. a number of other invisible forces in nature were identified at this time.
c. it had been conclusively shown that animals could be hypnotized.
d. the use of magnets to redirect the body’s natural energy was a popular medical
treatment.
, ANS: B DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Understand the benefits of studying the history of psychology.
3. Reflexivity refers to the
a. ability to become aware our actions and to reflect upon them.
b. fact that humans possess instinctual reflexes.
c. ability to reflect on past events in history.
d. fact that nonhuman animals possess instinctual reflexes.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate
OBJ: Understand the benefits of studying the history of psychology.
4. As part of his efforts to establish the history of psychology as a subfield of psycholo-
gy Robert I. Watson accomplished all of the following EXCEPT
a. helped establish the first graduate training program in the history and theory of
psychology.
b. wrote the article “History of Psychology: A Neglected Area.”
c. founded the Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences.
d. established the Archives of the History of American Psychology in Akron, Ohio.
ANS: D DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify Watson.
5. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of historiography, as described in your
text?
a. the theory of writing history
b. the critique of writing history
c. the methods of writing history
d. the history of writing history
, ANS: B DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
6. When writing history, a focus on the development of ideas in their intellectual and
disciplinary context is referred to as __________, while a focus on the influence of
social and political factors on the development of ideas is referred to as __________.
a. presentism; historicism
b. the interior approach; the exterior approach
c. the Great Man approach; the zeitgeist approach
d. internalism; externalism
ANS: D DIF: Easy OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
7. In the Great Man approach to history, the focus is on
a. external factors that influenced what eminent figures in history achieved.
b. individual, eminent people who contributed significantly to the field.
c. the role of zeitgeist in an individual’s contributions to the field.
d. the individual psychology of people who made significant contributions to the
field.
ANS: B DIF: Easy OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
8. Historians who argue that the “spirit of the times” influenced individuals’ achieve-
ments and the way in which they were received are adopting what approach to histo-
ry?
a. the zeitgeist approach
b. the Great Man approach
c. the externalist approach
d. the presentist approach
, ANS: A DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
9. Historians who adopt sophisticated presentism argue that
a. present-day psychologists cannot draw research inspiration from past develop-
ments in the field.
b. we should avoid being overly critical of individuals or events in history.
c. in its present state, psychology is not necessarily the “correct” or “best” state of
the field.
d. we should avoid a positive bias toward individuals or events in history.
ANS: C DIF: Hard OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
10. Surveying the state of the field in the 1980s, historian of psychology Laurel Furumo-
to observed that histories of psychology were moving beyond mere celebratory ac-
counts of the past. The move to include more diversity in these histories is something
she termed __________.
a. historicism
b. sophisticated presentism
c. historiography
d. new history of psychology
ANS: D DIF: Moderate OBJ: Identify the approach to studying history.
11. Laurel Furumoto’s term new history of psychology refers to the move to histories that
are more sensitive to context and reflect greater diversity. This new approach is also
called
a. critical history of psychology.
b. sophisticated presentism.
