NR-599 Nursing Informatics Final Exam Study Guide 2023

NR-599 Nursing Informatics Final Exam Study Guide 2023 . Bioethical standards: Bioethics is the study and formulation of healthcare ethics. Bioethics takes on relevant ethical problems experienced by healthcare providers in the provision of care to individuals and groups. Bioethics Principles Early founders of bioethics put forth 4 principles which form the framework for moral reasoning: 1. Autonomy: The right of an individual to choose for themselves. Refers to the individual’s freedom from controlling interferences by others and from personal limitations that prevent meaningful choices, such as adequate understanding. Two conditions are essential for autonomy: liberty (meaning the independence from controlling influences) and the individual’s capacity for intentional action. 2. Nonmaleficence: Doing no harm. Asserts an obligation not to inflict harm intentionally and forms the framework for the standard of due care to be met by any professional. Obligations of nonmaleficence are obligations of not inflicting harm and not imposing risks of harm. (Negligence—a departure from the standard of due care toward others— includes intentionally imposing risks that are unreasonable and unintentionally but carelessly imposing risks.) 3. Beneficence: Actions performed that contribute to the welfare of others. Two principles underlie beneficence: Positive beneficence requires the provision of benefits, and utility requires that benefits and drawbacks be balanced. One must avoid negative beneficence, which occurs when constraints are placed on activities that, even though they might not be unjust, could in some situations cause detriment or harm to others. 4. Justice: Fairness. Treatment of everyone in the same way. Refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate treatment in light of what is due or owed to a person. Distributive justice refers to fair, equitable, and appropriate distribution in society determined by justified norms that structure the terms of social cooperation. E-Health Code of Ethics 8 standards for the ethical development of health-related Internet sites: 1. Candor: Disclose information that if known by consumers would likely affect consumers’ understanding or use of the site or purchase or use of a product or service. 2. Honesty: Be truthful and not deceptive. 3. Quality: Provide health information that is accurate, easy to understand, and up to date. AND Provide the information users need to make their own judgments about the health information, products, or services provided by the site. 4. Informed consent: Respect users’ right to determine whether or how their personal data may be collected, used, or shared. 5. Privacy: Respect the obligation to protect users’ privacy. 6. Professionalism: Respect fundamental ethical obligations to patients and clients. AND Inform and educate patients and clients about the limitations of online health care. 7. Responsible partnering: Ensure that organizations and sites with which they affiliate are trustworthy. 8. Accountability: Provide meaningful opportunity for users to give feedback to the site. AND Monitor their compliance with the e-Health Code of Ethics. Telehealth: Telecommunication technologies used to deliver health-related services or to connect patients and healthcare providers to maximize patients’ health status. A relatively new term in the medical/nursing vocabulary, referring to a wide range of health services that are delivered by telecommunications-ready tools such as the telephone, videophone, and computer.