Final exam

A child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is voiding smoky, brown-colored urine and asks the healthcare professional to explain what causes it. What explanation by the professional is best? Question 1 1 out of 1 points A child with acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis is voiding smoky, brown-colored urine and asks the healthcare professional to explain what causes it. What explanation by the professional is best? Selected Answer: Presence of red blood cells  Question 2 1 out of 1 points Cystic fibrosis is characterized by which symptom? Selected Answer: Excessive mucus production  Question 3 1 out of 1 points What is the primary pathologic alteration resulting from ankylosing spondylitis (AS)? Selected Answer: Inflammation of fibrocartilaginous joints of the vertebrae  Question 4 1 out of 1 points Which spinal tract carries the most nociceptive information? Selected Answer: Lateral spinothalamic  Question 5 0 out of 1 points Parents bring their 1-year-old child to the emergency department, reporting that the child has been irritable and pounding on her head, has projectile vomiting, and seems very sleepy for most of the last 3 days. What diagnostic testing does the healthcare professional prepare the child and parents for as the priority? Selected Answer: Lumbar puncture with CSF cultures  Question 6 1 out of 1 points A patient reports frequent nightmares. For which of these should the healthcare professional assess the patient? contact: Selected Answer: History of traumatic event  Question 7 1 out of 1 points A newborn baby displays jaundice 20 hours after birth. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Draw blood to measure total bilirubin.  Question 8 1 out of 1 points Local signs and symptoms of Hodgkin disease-related lymphadenopathy are a result of what? Selected Answer: Pressure and obstruction  Question 9 1 out of 1 points Which bones are affected in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease? Selected Answer: Heads of the femur  Question 10 1 out of 1 points A patient has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) and asks the healthcare professional to describe it. What description by the professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the presence of greater than 30% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood.  Question 11 1 out of 1 points A newborn has meconium ileus. What diagnostic test does the healthcare professional advise the parents about? Selected Answer: A sweat test  Question 12 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is educating a community men's group on symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The professional relates that most symptoms are a result of which pathophysiologic condition? Selected Answer: Compression of the urethra  Question 13 1 out of 1 points A patient in the healthcare clinic reports fatigue, weakness, and dyspnea, as well as pale conjunctiva of the eyes and brittle, concave nails. What assessment by the healthcare professional is most appropriate for the suspected anemia? Selected Answer: Oral mucus membranes and tongue  Question 14 1 out of 1 points Prenatal exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) can result in which type of cancer? Selected Answer: Vaginal cancer  Question 15 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is caring for a patient diagnosed with aphasia. What action by the professional would be best in working with this patient? Selected Answer: Provide speech therapy.  Question 16 1 out of 1 points What are the clinical manifestations of testicular cancer? Selected Answer: Firm, nontender testicular mass  Question 17 0 out of 1 points A person has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) that is positive for the Philadelphia chromosome. What statement by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected 1cThis is a very rare finding in adults who Answer: have ALL. 1d  Question 18 1 out of 1 points The healthcare professional directs a student to assess a teen who has Osgood-Schlatter disease. What assessment finding does the student anticipate for this disorder? Selected Answer: Tendinitis of the anterior patellar tendon  Question 19 0 out of 1 points Which statement by the healthcare professional accurately describes childhood asthma? Selected Answer: An obstructive airway disease characterized by atelectasis and increased pulmonary resistance as a result of a surfactant deficiency  Question 20 0 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is reviewing a patient's laboratory results and sees that the patient has a low reticulocyte count and a high iron level. Which type of anemia does the professional associate these findings with? Selected Answer: Anemia of chronic disease  Question 21 1 out of 1 points What directly causes ovulation during the menstrual cycle? Selected Answer: Sudden increase of LH  Question 22 1 out of 1 points A patient has been hospitalized for a large deep vein thrombosis and states he is the third person in his family to have this condition in the last 2 years. What response by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: We can test your blood for factor V Leiden.  Question 23 0 out of 1 points A professor explains to a class that the reason lymph nodes enlarge and become tender during infection is because of what reason? Selected Answer: The nodes are inflamed.  Question 24 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional advises a pregnant woman to add supplements of which nutrient to her diet to prevent birth defects? Selected Answer: Folat e  Question 25 1 out of 1 points A parent brings a 10-year-old child to the clinic and reports a mottled appearance to the skin and legs cramps when the child is in physical education class. Physical assessment positive for upper extremity hypertension. What diagnostic testing or treatment does the healthcare professional prepare the family for? Selected Answer: An echocardiogram  Question 26 1 out of 1 points A person has abnormally severe tooth decay and erosion of the tooth enamel. What problem should the health care professional assess the person for? Selected Answer: Bulimia  Question 27 0 out of 1 points A healthcare professional had taught a pregnant woman about the risk of transmitting herpes simplex virus (HSV) from her to her fetus. What statement by the woman indicates the professional needs to provide more information? Selected Answer: The risk is higher when internal fetal monitoring devices are used.  Question 28 1 out of 1 points Without prior exposure to an antigen, which cells are able to destroy some types of tumor cells and some virus-infected cells? Selected Answer: Natural killer (NK) cells  Question 29 1 out of 1 points Which statement by the professor best describes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)? Selected Answer: A pulmonary disease characterized by severe hypoxemia, decreased pulmonary compliance, and the presence of bilateral infiltrates on chest x-ray imaging  Question 30 0 out of 1 points What is the role of thromboxane A (TXA 2) in the secretion stage of hemostasis? Selected Answer: Stimulates the synthesis of serotonin.  Question 31 1 out of 1 points Parents report their 3-week-old infant who eats well and has gained weight began to have projectile vomiting for no apparent reason. What treatment option does the healthcare professional prepare to educate the parents on? Selected Answer: Corrective surgery  Question 32 1 out of 1 points A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy. What complication does the healthcare professional teach the parents is most important to control? Selected Answer: Respiratory infection  Question 33 0 out of 1 points To quickly assess a patient's nervous system for dysfunction, what assessment should the healthcare professional perform as the priority? Selected Answer: Pattern of breathing  Question 34 1 out of 1 points A criterion for a diagnosis of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a period of excessive worrying that lasts for at least how many months? Selected Answer: 6  Question 35 1 out of 1 points A patient has been diagnosed with lithium toxicity. Which electrolyte imbalance does the healthcare professional correlate with this condition? Selected Answer: Hyponatremia  Question 36 1 out of 1 points A severely malnourished patient is in the hospital to improve nutrition. On the second day, the patient reports palpitations and difficulty breathing. After placing the patient on a cardiac monitor, what action does the health care professional take next? Selected Answer: Have lab drawn for electrolyte levels.  Question 37 1 out of 1 points Gait disturbances and instability are characteristic of which form of cerebral palsy? Selected Answer: Ataxi c  Question 38 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional works with recent refugees. A mother brings in her children who have been diagnosed with iron deficiency anemia. What action by the professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Arrange to test for parasitic infections.  Question 39 1 out of 1 points Which pain theory proposes that a balance of impulses conducted from the spinal cord to the higher centers in the central nervous system (CNS) modulates the transmission of pain? Selected Gate control theory Answer: (GCT)  Question 40 0 out of 1 points Which statement is likely true regarding children being treated for cancer with radiation therapy? Selected Answer: They will most likely have a successful remission of tumor growth.  Question 41 0 out of 1 points A patient had a seizure that consisted of impaired consciousness and the appearance of a dreamlike state. How does the healthcare professional chart this episode? Selected Answer: Focal seizure  Question 42 0 out of 1 points A child has Duchenne muscular dystrophy and the parents want to know how this occurred. Which statement by the healthcare professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: Autosomal dominant inheritance  Question 43 1 out of 1 points Why is nasal congestion a serious threat to young infants? Selected Answer: Infants are obligatory nose breathers.  Question 44 1 out of 1 points A patient is in the Emergency Department with heat stroke. What finding does the healthcare provider associate with this condition? Selected Answer: Absence of sweating despite a high core temperature  Question 45 1 out of 1 points A student is learning about pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). What information does the student clarify with a study partner as being correct? Selected Answer: Such an inflammation may result in permanent changes to the ciliated epithelium of the fallopian tubes.  Question 46 1 out of 1 points In acute hypothermia, what physiologic change shunts blood away from the colder skin to the body core in an effort to decrease heat loss? Selected Answer: Peripheral vasoconstriction  Question 47 1 out of 1 points Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is present in childhood asthma? Selected Answer: IgE  Question 48 0 out of 1 points Clinical manifestations that include irregular or heavy bleeding, the passage of large clots, and the depletion of iron stores support which diagnosis? Selected Answer: Polycystic ovary syndrome  Question 49 1 out of 1 points An adult patient has been hospitalized with thrombocytopenia with a platelet count of 8000/mm 3 . What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Tell the patient not to get out of bed without assistance.  Question 50 1 out of 1 points A 9-year-old child has a blood pressure of 112/72 mmHg in the school nurse's office. What action by the school nurse is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Note the normal finding in the child's records.  Question 51 1 out of 1 points A man reports to the healthcare professional that he had a sudden onset of malaise, low back pain, and perineal pain with high fever and chills, dysuria, nocturia, and urinary retention. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Assist the man in obtaining a urine sample.  Question 52 1 out of 1 points A patient has been hospitalized with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). The patient asks how this could have occurred. What response by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: It is often preceded by a viral illness.  Question 53 1 out of 1 points A student asks the healthcare professional why researchers are trying to link specific genes to specific asthma phenotypes. What response by the professional is best? Selected Answer: It can lead to personalized approaches to treatment.  Question 54 1 out of 1 points The disruption in cellular adhesion observed in bullous impetigo is caused by an exfoliative toxin related to which organism? Selected Answer: Staphylococcus aureus  Question 55 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is seeing a patient with suspected schizophrenia. For which prenatal occurrence should the professional assess? Selected Answer: Viral infection  Question 56 1 out of 1 points In order to help prevent a preadolescent girl from developing later cervical cancer, which virus does the healthcare professional recommend vaccination against to the parent? Selected Answer: Human papillomavirus (HPV)  Question 57 1 out of 1 points A child has cystic fibrosis (CF). Which medication does the healthcare professional teach the parents about? Selected Answer: Pancreatic enzymes  Question 58 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is discussing breast feeding with a pregnant woman. Which beneficial substance does the professional tell the mother is found in breast milk? Selected Answer: IgA  Question 59 1 out of 1 points Which condition is considered a clinical cause of amenorrhea? Selected Answer: Failure to ovulate  Question 60 1 out of 1 points A person comes to the healthcare clinic and reports night sweats and fever. The healthcare professional obtains a chest x-ray which shows a mediastinal mass. What other assessment or diagnostic test does the professional provide as a priority? Selected Answer: Listen to heart sounds.  Question 61 1 out of 1 points What initiates inflammation in acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis? Selected Answer: Immune complexes  Question 62 1 out of 1 points The student asks the professor for a definition of orexigenic neurons. What description by the professor is most accurate? Selected Answer: Promote appetite and stimulate eating  Question 63 1 out of 1 points A health care professional is teaching a group of college women about increasing calcium in the diet to prevent osteoporosis. A participant asks at what age is peak bone mass is reached in women. What response is best? Selected Answer: 30 years  Question 64 1 out of 1 points A patient is 8 hours postoperative after a long orthopedic procedure. The student asks why this patient is at particular risk of developing a thromboembolism. What response by the healthcare professional is best? Selected Answer: Patients tend to have venous stasis from orthopedic operations.  Question 65 0 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is caring for a patient who was rewarmed after suffering from hypothermia. What possible long-term complication will the professional continue to assess the patient for? Selected Answer: Dysrhythmias  Question 66 1 out of 1 points Which patient finding would lead the health care professional to assess the patient for inflammatory joint disease? Selected Answer: Systemic symptoms of inflammation  Question 67 1 out of 1 points A child has osteosarcoma and the healthcare team is assessing for metastases. What diagnostic study would be the priority? Selected Answer: Chest x-ray or CT scan  Question 68 1 out of 1 points Compared with an adult, an infant has a greater content of extracellular fluid, as well as a greater rate of fluid exchange. What effect does this have on the fluid balance of a child compared with that of an adult? Selected Answer: The control of dehydration is more difficult.  Question 69 0 out of 1 points What is the consequence of a splenectomy? Selected Answer: The number of clotting factors increases.  Question 70 0 out of 1 points A student reads in a chart that a child has been diagnosed with mixed precocious puberty and asks for an explanation. What explanation by the healthcare professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: When early puberty has signs of physical and hormonal abnormalities  Question 71 1 out of 1 points A patient is in status epilepticus. In addition to giving medication to stop the seizures, what would the healthcare professional place highest priority on? Selected Answer: Providing oxygen  Question 72 1 out of 1 points A woman diagnosed with trichomoniasis asks if her sexual partner should be treated as well. What is the appropriate response by the healthcare professional? Selected Answer: Sexual partners should be treated even if they are asymptomatic.  Question 73 1 out of 1 points A mother reports that her young teens have voracious appetites. The healthcare professional would explain that which hormone is linked to an increase in appetite during puberty? Selected Answer: Lepti n  Question 74 1 out of 1 points A patient has chronic anemia associated with chronic renal failure. What substance does the healthcare professional tell the patient is needed to treat this anemia? Selected Answer: Erythropoietin  Question 75 1 out of 1 points A man has balanitis. What action by the healthcare professional is most appropriate? Selected Answer: Perform a finger stick for a blood glucose reading.  Question 76 1 out of 1 points A pregnant woman is seen for the first time at 6 months' gestation and has not taken prenatal vitamins. The healthcare professional educates the woman on the need for a blood test specifically to assess what substance? Selected Answer: a-Fetoprotein  Question 77 0 out of 1 points A healthcare professional has taught a parent group about the causes of enuresis. What statement by a parent indicates the professional needs to give more information? Selected Answer: Obstructive sleep apnea may be a symptom of enuresis.  Question 78 1 out of 1 points What is the most abundant class of plasma protein? Selected Answer: Albumin  Question 79 1 out of 1 points A 7 year-old-child presents to the clinic where parents report signs and symptoms consistent with asthma. What does the healthcare professional do in order to confirm this diagnosis? Selected Answer: Measure expiratory flow rate with spirometry testing  Question 80 1 out of 1 points In which stage of syphilis would the following clinical manifestations be found: destructive skin, bone and soft tissue lesions, aneurysms, heart failure, and neurosyphilis? Selected Answer: Tertiar y  Question 81 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional in an urban clinic is seeing a patient who has iron deficiency anemia (IDA). What question by the professional is most appropriate to assess for the cause of IDA? Selected Answer: 1cHave you ever noticed any blood in your stool? 1d  Question 82 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional wants to volunteer for a community education project to help prevent spinal cord injury. What activity would the professional most likely volunteer for? Selected Answer: Teaching older adults how to prevent trip-andfall events  Question 83 1 out of 1 points In immunoglobulin G (IgG) nephropathies such as glomerulonephritis, IgG is deposited in which location? Selected Answer: Glomerulus basement membranes  Question 84 1 out of 1 points A patient has been exposed to prolonged high environmental temperatures and now shows signs of dehydration, decreased plasma volumes, hypotension, decreased cardiac output, and tachycardia. What treatment does the healthcare professional prepare to administer to this patient? Selected Answer: Give the patient plenty of cool fluids to drink.  Question 85 0 out of 1 points What does the student learn distinguishes kwashiorkor from marasmus? Selected Answer: Muscle wasting, diarrhea, low hemoglobin, and infection characterize kwashiorkor.  Question 86 1 out of 1 points A patient in the clinic had a femur x-ray that was read as having a moth-eaten appearance. What treatment option does the health care professional discuss with the patient? Selected Answer: Limb-salvaging surgery  Question 87 1 out of 1 points What diagnosis is given to parents when their infant's hip maintains contact with the acetabulum but is not well seated within the hip joint? Selected Answer: Subluxated hip  Question 88 1 out of 1 points A hospitalized patient's lab work is as follows: WBC 2000, bands 14.8%, and segmented neutrophils 5. The healthcare professional calculates the patient's absolute neutrophil count (ANC). What action does the professional take next? Selected Answer: Implements protocols to prevent life-threatening infections  Question 89 0 out of 1 points A patient has damage to the lower pons and medulla. What finding does the healthcare professional associate with this injury? Selected Answer: Flexion with or without extensor response of the lower extremities  Question 90 1 out of 1 points In infectious mononucleosis (IM), what does the Monospot test detect? Selected Answer: Immunoglobulin M (IgM)  Question 91 1 out of 1 points What is the link between major depression and cortisol secretion? Selected Answer: Individuals with depression show that persistently elevated plasma cortisol levels can result in inflammation that is believed to trigger depression.  Question 92 1 out of 1 points Which condition is consistent with the cardiac defect of transposition of the great vessels? Selected Answer: The aorta arises from the right ventricle.  Question 93 1 out of 1 points An infant has been diagnosed with intussusception and the student asks the healthcare professional to explain the condition. What explanation by the professional is most accurate? Selected Answer: One part of the intestine telescopes into another section of the intestine.  Question 94 1 out of 1 points A healthcare professional is planning a community event to reduce risk of cerebrovascular accident (CVA) in high risk groups. Which group would the professional target as the priority? Selected Answer: Hypertension  Question 95 1 out of 1 points A patient has primary immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and is hospitalized after a bleeding episode. What treatment does the healthcare provider anticipate being ordered for this patient? Selected Answer: Infusion of IVIG  Question 96 1 out of 1 points The healthcare professor states that a patient has reached pain tolerance. What further information from the professor is most accurate? Selected Answer: The patient cannot endure a higher level of pain intensity at this point.  Question 97 1 out of 1 points A patient has defective secretion of the intrinsic factor leading to anemia. What treatment option does the healthcare professional discuss with the patient? Selected Answer: Vitamin B 12 injections initially given once a week.  Question 98 1 out of 1 points How is gonorrhea transmitted from a pregnant woman to her fetus? Selected Answer: Predominately through infected cervical and secretions during the birth process  Question 99 1 out of 1 points What is the first indication of nephrotic syndrome in children? Selected Answer: Periorbital edema  Question 100 1 out of 1 points Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) system abnormalities exist in a large percentage of individuals with what? Selected Answer: Major depression  Question 101 0 out of 0 points When completing this exam, did you comply with Walden University's Code of Conduct including the expectations for academic integrity? Selected Answer: Ye s Tuesday, August 11, 2020 5:20:44 PM EDT OK