American Heart Association - Basic Life Support Exam Questions and Answers

In which locations do most out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest occur? - ANSWER-Home Which is the most cause of cardiac arrest in children? - ANSWER-Respiratory failure or shock What is the third link in the adult out-of-hospital chain of survival - ANSWER-Rapid Defibrillation Which statement best describes sudden arrest? - ANSWER-When an abnormal rhythm develops and the heart stops beating unexpectedly A 53-year old suddenly collapses and becomes unresponsive. You witness him collapse and are the first rescuer to arrive at the scene. You find him lying motionless on the floor. Which is the first action you should take in this situation? - ANSWER-Verify that the scene is safe for you and the victim The man doesn't respond when you touch his shoulders and shout 'are you okay" What is your next action is? - ANSWER-Shout for nearby help Several rescuers respond and you ask them to activate the emergency response and retrieve the AED and emergency equipment. As you check for a pulse and breathing, you notice that the man is gasping for air and making "snorting" sounds. You do not feel a pulse. What is the best next action? - ANSWER-Start high-quality CPR beginning with chest compressions What is the ratio of compressions to breaths when providing CPR to an adult? - ANSWER-30 compressions to 2 breaths What are the depth and rate for chest compressions for an adult? - ANSWER-A rate of 100-120 compressions per minute and depth of at least 2 inches What action should you take when more rescuers arrive? - ANSWER-Assign tasks to other rescuers and rotate compressors every two minutes or more frequently if needed to avoid fatigue If you suspect that an unresponsive victim has head or neck trauma, what is the preferred method for opening the airway? - ANSWER-Jaw Thrust What is the appropriate first step to take as soon as the AED arrives at the victim's side? - ANSWER-Power on the AED After performing high-quality CPR for five minutes, the team leader frequently interrupts chest compressions to check for a pulse even though the victim has no organized rhythm when the AED analyzes the rhythm. Which action demonstrates constructive intervention? - ANSWER-Suggest to resume chest compressions without delay If a victim of cardiac arrest has an implanted defibrillator, what special steps should be taken? - ANSWER-Avoid placing the AED pad directly over the implanted device The team leader ask you to perform bag mask ventilation during a resuscitation attempt, but have not perfected that skill. What would be an appropriate way to acknowledge your limitations? - ANSWER-Tell the team leader that you are not comfortable performing that task What is the appropriate action to demonstrate closed-loop communication when the team leader assigns you a task? - ANSWER-Repeat back to the team leader to the task you were assigned Which step is one of the universal steps for operating an AED? - ANSWER-Placing the pad on the victim's bare chest What action should you take when the AED is analyzing the heart rhythm? - ANSWER-Stand clear of the victim What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a single rescuer of a 3 year old child? - ANSWER-30 compressions to 2 breaths What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for a 7-year old child when 2 or more rescuers are present? - ANSWER-15 compressions to 2 breathes For what age victim is the 2 thumb encircling hands techniques recommended when 2 or more rescuers are present? - ANSWER-An infant younger than 1 year What is the correct chest compression for a child? - ANSWER-At least one third the depth of the chest or about 2 inches What is the correct chest compression depth for an infant? - ANSWER-At least one third the depth of the chest or about 1 ½ inches What should you do when using and AED on an infant or a child less than 8 years of age? - ANSWER-Use adult AED pads if the AED does not have child pads If a manual defibrillator is not available for an infant victim, which action should you take? - ANSWER-Use an AED equipped with pediatric dose attenuator What is important to remember about AED pad placement on infants? - ANSWER-You may need to place 1 pad on the chest and 1 on the back, according to the diagrams on the pads Which victim would need only rescue breathing? - ANSWER-No breathing and a pulse How often should rescue breaths be given in infants and children when a pulse is present? - ANSWER-1 breath every 3-5 seconds Which action can rescuers perform to potentially reduce the risk of gastric inflation? - ANSWER-Delivering each breath over 1 second Which is the preferred technique for giving rescue breaths to an infant - ANSWER-Mouth to mouth and nose What is NOT an example of an opioid? - ANSWER-Naloxone Your 27-year old uses opioids. You find him unresponsive with no breathing but a strong pulse. You suspect a opioid associated life threatening emergency. A friend is phone 9-1-1 and is looking for the naloxone auto injector. What action should you take? - ANSWER-Provide rescue breathing - 1 breath every 5-6 seconds You encounter an unresponsive 56-year old who has been taking hydrocodone after a surgical procedure. He is not breathing and no pulse. You notice that medication bottle is empty. You suspect an opioid associated life threatening emergency. A colleague activates the emergency response system and is retrieving the AED and naloxone. What is the most appropriate action for you to take next? - ANSWER-Begin CPR starting with chest compressions Which is an example of a mild foreign body airway obstruction? - ANSWER-Wheezing between coughs Which victim of a severe airway obstruction should receive abdominal thrusts? - ANSWER-An average size 27 year old man You are performing abdominal thrusts on a 9 year old child when he suddenly becomes unresponsive. After you shout for nearby help, the most appropriate action to take next? - ANSWER-Begin high-quality CPR, st