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Summary Sex Differentiation

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2022/2023 Written for academic year
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Summary of 2 pages for the course medicine at Faculty of medicine (SEX DIFFERENTIATION)

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SEX DIFFERENTIATION
• Although, sex of embryo is determined genetically at time of fertilization,
gonads do not differentiate until 7th week of development after arrival of
primordial germ cells into the indifferent gonad.



• If embryo is genetically male (primordial germ cells carry XY sex chromosome);

indifferent gonad differentiates into testis.

• If embryo is genetically female (primordial germ cells carry XX sex
chromosome):

indifferent gonad differentiates into ovary.

• When primordial germ cells fail to reach indifferent gonad, gonad remains

indifferent or is absent.



SEX DIFFERENTIATION IN MALES
• SRY gene on Y chromosome is master gene for testis development.

• SRY induces differentiation of Sertoli & Leydig cells.

***Sertoli cells secrete Mullerian inhibiting substance (MIS) which causes
regression of paramesonephric ducts.

***Leydig cells secrete Testosterone which causes differentiation of mesonephric

ducts & male external genitalia.

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December 30, 2022
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