TEST BANK
Campbell Biology in Focus
Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman & Peter V. Minorsky
3rd Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Evolution and the Foundations of Biology 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 12
Chapter 3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 64
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell 105
Chapter 5 Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling 128
Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism 160
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 185
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis 219
Chapter 9 The Cell Cycle 243
Chapter 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 263
Chapter 11 Mendel and the Gene Idea 282
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 303
Chapter 13 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 321
Chapter 14 Gene Expression From Gene to Protein 342
Chapter 15 Regulation of Gene Expression 371
Chapter 16 Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer 387
Chapter 17 Viruses 398
Chapter 18 Genomes and Their Evolution 413
Chapter 19 Descent with Modification 424
Chapter 20 Phylogeny 446
Chapter 21 The Evolution of Populations 476
Chapter 22 The Origin of Species 504
Chapter 23 Broad Patterns of Evolution 534
Chapter 24 Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes 556
Chapter 25 The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes 596
Chapter 26 The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi 623
Chapter 27 The Rise of Animal Diversity 673
Chapter 28 Plant Structure and Growth 709
Chapter 29 Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants 731
Chapter 30 Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants 765
Chapter 31 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 786
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling 807
Chapter 33 Animal Nutrition 842
Chapter 34 Circulation and Gas Exchange 867
Chapter 35 The Immune System 895
Chapter 36 Reproduction and Development 928
Chapter 37 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 966
Chapter 38 Nervous and Sensory Systems 994
,Chapter 39 Motor Mechanisms and Behavior 1027
Chapter 40 Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms 1054
Chapter 41 Ecological Communities 1090
Chapter 42 Ecosystems and Energy 1112
Chapter 43 Conservation Biology and Global Change 1140
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
Campbell Biology in Focus, 3e (Urry)
Chapter 1 Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) All of the organisms living in a particular ecosystem are collectively known as a(n)
A) biological community.
B) order.
C) family.
D) population.
Answer: A
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
2) Many properties of living things involve the transfer and transformation of energy and matter.
For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of
energy or matter?
A) the energy of motion
B) carbon dioxide and water
C) chemical energy
D) oxygen
E) kinetic energy
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
3) The primary source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
Answer: A
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
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1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
4) All the living things on Earth along with all the places where life exists are collectively
described by which of the following terms?
A) an ecosystem
B) the biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population
Answer: B
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
5) All the living organisms in a particular area along with all the nonliving aspects of the
environment with which organisms interact are collectively described by which of the following
terms?
A) an ecosystem
B) the biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population
Answer: A
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
6) All the individuals of a particular species living within the bounds of a specified area are
collectively described by which of the following terms?
A) a biological system
B) a biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population
Answer: D
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
7) Which of the following types of cells lack(s) a nucleus?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2
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2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
8) Investigating the molecular structure of DNA in order to understand the chemical basis of
inheritance is an example of which approach utilized in the study of biology?
A) systems biology
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) deductive reasoning
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 1
9) Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an
ecosystem from entry to exit?
A) heat → chemical → heat
B) light → heat → chemical
C) light → chemical → heat
D) chemical → heat → light
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
10) Approximately what proportion of the carbon dioxide (CO2) released by burning fossil fuels
remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trapping of heat close to Earth's surface?
A) less than 1%
B) 5%
C) 50%
D) 90%
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4, 5
11) Which of the following terms describes membrane-enclosed components of cells that carry
out specialized functions?
A) tissues
B) organs
C) organelles
D) cells
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
12) Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large
scale to smaller scale?
A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → populations → organisms
B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosystems → biosphere
C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosystems → organisms
D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms
E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communities → organisms
Answer: D
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
13) Living things are divided into three different domains. Which of these domains are classified
as prokaryotes?
A) Bacteria and Eukarya
B) Archaea and Eukarya
C) Bacteria and Fungi
D) Bacteria and Archaea
Answer: D
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2
14) A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell
wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most likely a member of which of the following
domains?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Plantae
E) Fungi
Answer: B
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2
15) Strong evidence in support of the common ancestry of all life comes from which of the
following observations about living things?
A) the fact that decomposers include both bacteria and fungi
B) the ability of plants to convert light energy to chemical energy
C) the existence of a nearly universal genetic code
D) the universal use of protein catalysts by all cells
Answer: C
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2
Global L.O.: G2
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4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
16) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modification" resulted when organisms of a
particular species become adapted to their environment because they possess which of the
following characteristics?
A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment
B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local
environment
C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment
D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment
Answer: C
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1
17) Which of the following statements describes an individual that is likely to be the most
successful in an evolutionary sense?
A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill
B) an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to
reproduce
C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring
D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce
E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces two offspring who live to reproduce
Answer: B
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1
Global L.O.: G2
18) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land
animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained
by which of the following concepts or processes?
A) an emergent property
B) reductionism
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life
D) natural selection
Answer: D
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
Campbell Biology in Focus
Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman & Peter V. Minorsky
3rd Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction Evolution and the Foundations of Biology 1
Chapter 2 The Chemical Context of Life 12
Chapter 3 Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life 64
Chapter 4 A Tour of the Cell 105
Chapter 5 Membrane Transport and Cell Signaling 128
Chapter 6 An Introduction to Metabolism 160
Chapter 7 Cellular Respiration and Fermentation 185
Chapter 8 Photosynthesis 219
Chapter 9 The Cell Cycle 243
Chapter 10 Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles 263
Chapter 11 Mendel and the Gene Idea 282
Chapter 12 The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance 303
Chapter 13 The Molecular Basis of Inheritance 321
Chapter 14 Gene Expression From Gene to Protein 342
Chapter 15 Regulation of Gene Expression 371
Chapter 16 Development, Stem Cells, and Cancer 387
Chapter 17 Viruses 398
Chapter 18 Genomes and Their Evolution 413
Chapter 19 Descent with Modification 424
Chapter 20 Phylogeny 446
Chapter 21 The Evolution of Populations 476
Chapter 22 The Origin of Species 504
Chapter 23 Broad Patterns of Evolution 534
Chapter 24 Early Life and the Diversification of Prokaryotes 556
Chapter 25 The Origin and Diversification of Eukaryotes 596
Chapter 26 The Colonization of Land by Plants and Fungi 623
Chapter 27 The Rise of Animal Diversity 673
Chapter 28 Plant Structure and Growth 709
Chapter 29 Resource Acquisition, Nutrition, and Transport in Vascular Plants 731
Chapter 30 Reproduction and Domestication of Flowering Plants 765
Chapter 31 Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals 786
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and Endocrine Signaling 807
Chapter 33 Animal Nutrition 842
Chapter 34 Circulation and Gas Exchange 867
Chapter 35 The Immune System 895
Chapter 36 Reproduction and Development 928
Chapter 37 Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling 966
Chapter 38 Nervous and Sensory Systems 994
,Chapter 39 Motor Mechanisms and Behavior 1027
Chapter 40 Population Ecology and the Distribution of Organisms 1054
Chapter 41 Ecological Communities 1090
Chapter 42 Ecosystems and Energy 1112
Chapter 43 Conservation Biology and Global Change 1140
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
Campbell Biology in Focus, 3e (Urry)
Chapter 1 Introduction: Evolution and the Foundations of Biology
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) All of the organisms living in a particular ecosystem are collectively known as a(n)
A) biological community.
B) order.
C) family.
D) population.
Answer: A
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
2) Many properties of living things involve the transfer and transformation of energy and matter.
For example, plant chloroplasts convert energy from sunlight to which of the following forms of
energy or matter?
A) the energy of motion
B) carbon dioxide and water
C) chemical energy
D) oxygen
E) kinetic energy
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
3) The primary source of energy for producers in an ecosystem is
A) light energy.
B) kinetic energy.
C) thermal energy.
D) chemical energy.
Answer: A
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
4) All the living things on Earth along with all the places where life exists are collectively
described by which of the following terms?
A) an ecosystem
B) the biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population
Answer: B
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
5) All the living organisms in a particular area along with all the nonliving aspects of the
environment with which organisms interact are collectively described by which of the following
terms?
A) an ecosystem
B) the biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population
Answer: A
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
6) All the individuals of a particular species living within the bounds of a specified area are
collectively described by which of the following terms?
A) a biological system
B) a biosphere
C) a biological community
D) a population
Answer: D
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
7) Which of the following types of cells lack(s) a nucleus?
A) animal
B) plant
C) archaea
D) fungi
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
8) Investigating the molecular structure of DNA in order to understand the chemical basis of
inheritance is an example of which approach utilized in the study of biology?
A) systems biology
B) emergent properties
C) reductionism
D) deductive reasoning
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 1
9) Which of the following correctly describes the forms by which energy flows through an
ecosystem from entry to exit?
A) heat → chemical → heat
B) light → heat → chemical
C) light → chemical → heat
D) chemical → heat → light
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4
10) Approximately what proportion of the carbon dioxide (CO2) released by burning fossil fuels
remains in the atmosphere, contributing to the trapping of heat close to Earth's surface?
A) less than 1%
B) 5%
C) 50%
D) 90%
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 4, 5
11) Which of the following terms describes membrane-enclosed components of cells that carry
out specialized functions?
A) tissues
B) organs
C) organelles
D) cells
Answer: C
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
12) Which of the following represents the correct hierarchy of biological organization from large
scale to smaller scale?
A) ecosystems → biosphere → communities → populations → organisms
B) communities → populations → organisms → ecosystems → biosphere
C) biosphere → communities → populations → ecosystems → organisms
D) biosphere → ecosystems → communities → populations → organisms
E) biosphere → ecosystems → populations→ communities → organisms
Answer: D
Topic: 1.1 The study of life reveals unifying themes
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1, V&C 5
13) Living things are divided into three different domains. Which of these domains are classified
as prokaryotes?
A) Bacteria and Eukarya
B) Archaea and Eukarya
C) Bacteria and Fungi
D) Bacteria and Archaea
Answer: D
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2
14) A single-celled organism isolated from a deep-sea, hot thermal vent was found to have a cell
wall but lacked a nucleus. This organism is most likely a member of which of the following
domains?
A) Eukarya
B) Archaea
C) Animalia
D) Plantae
E) Fungi
Answer: B
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 2
15) Strong evidence in support of the common ancestry of all life comes from which of the
following observations about living things?
A) the fact that decomposers include both bacteria and fungi
B) the ability of plants to convert light energy to chemical energy
C) the existence of a nearly universal genetic code
D) the universal use of protein catalysts by all cells
Answer: C
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2
Global L.O.: G2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Campbell Biology in Focus, 3rd Edition (Urry, 2020)
16) Charles Darwin proposed that "descent with modification" resulted when organisms of a
particular species become adapted to their environment because they possess which of the
following characteristics?
A) nonheritable traits that enhance survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment
B) nonheritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local
environment
C) heritable traits that enhance their survival and reproductive success in the local environment
D) heritable traits that enhance their survival and decrease their reproductive success in the local
environment
Answer: C
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 1-2: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1
17) Which of the following statements describes an individual that is likely to be the most
successful in an evolutionary sense?
A) a reproductively sterile individual who never falls ill
B) an organism that dies after five days of life but leaves 10 offspring, all of whom survive to
reproduce
C) a male who mates with 20 females and fathers one offspring
D) an organism that lives 100 years and leaves two offspring, both of whom survive to reproduce
E) a female who mates with 20 males and produces two offspring who live to reproduce
Answer: B
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1
Global L.O.: G2
18) Over time, the lineage that led to modern whales shows a change from four-limbed land
animals to aquatic animals with two limbs that function as flippers. This change is best explained
by which of the following concepts or processes?
A) an emergent property
B) reductionism
C) the hierarchy of the biological organization of life
D) natural selection
Answer: D
Topic: 1.2 The Core Theme: Evolution accounts for the unity and diversity of life
Bloom's Taxonomy: 3-4: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2, V&C 1, 2
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
