TEST BANK
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology
Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk & Bruce E. Byers
11th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life 30
Chapter 3 Biological Molecules 59
Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function 91
Chapter 5 Cell Membrane Structure and Function 120
Chapter 6 Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell 150
Chapter 7 Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis 178
Chapter 8 Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration 211
Chapter 9 Cellular Reproduction 242
Chapter 10 Meiosis: The Basis of Sexual Reproduction 285
Chapter 11 Patterns of Inheritance 319
Chapter 12 DNA: The Molecule of Heredity 352
Chapter 13 Gene Expression and Regulation 382
Chapter 14 Biotechnology 412
Chapter 15 Principles of Evolution 441
Chapter 16 How Populations Evolve 472
Chapter 17 The Origin of Species 508
Chapter 18 The History of Life 537
Chapter 19 Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity 576
Chapter 20 The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses 604
Chapter 21 The Diversity of Protists 634
Chapter 22 The Diversity of Plants 666
Chapter 23 Diversity of Fungi 701
Chapter 24 Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates 736
Chapter 25 Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates 767
Chapter 26 Animal Behavior 803
Chapter 27 Population Growth and Regulation 836
Chapter 28 Community Interactions 871
Chapter 29 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems 908
Chapter 30 Earth's Diverse Ecosystems 945
Chapter 31 Conserving Earth's Biodiversity 981
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body 1012
Chapter 33 Circulation 1042
Chapter 34 Respiration 1071
Chapter 35 Nutrition and Digestion 1101
Chapter 36 The Urinary System 1131
Chapter 37 Defenses Against Disease 1163
Chapter 38 Chemical Control of the Animal Body: The Endocrine System 1197
,Chapter 39 The Nervous System 1236
Chapter 40 The Senses 1271
Chapter 41 Action and Support: The Muscles and Skeleton 1301
Chapter 42 Animal Reproduction 1330
Chapter 43 Animal Development 1363
Chapter 44 Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport 1397
Chapter 45 Plant Reproduction and Development 1429
Chapter 46 Plant Responses to the Environment 1458
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Scientific inquiry is based on
A) cultural biases or traditions.
B) stories that are passed down through generations.
C) natural causes.
D) information found in a gossip magazine.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Global L.O.: G1
2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause?
A) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
B) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) If you sneeze, you will die.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Global L.O.: G1
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) faith requires deductive reasoning.
D) there aren't enough variables.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories?
A) They have been thoroughly tested.
B) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Global L.O.: G1
5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study?
A) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks.
B) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness against
the flu virus.
C) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce.
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one produces
the most sales.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT
A) experimentation.
B) a testable theory.
C) an observation.
D) a hypothesis.
E) conclusions.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesn't start one morning before
school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem?
A) I'm going to be late.
B) If I put gas in my car, it will start.
C) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery.
D) I should change the battery or the starter.
E) I should add a quart of oil.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
8) A scientific theory
A) is a general explanation for natural phenomena.
B) is an educated guess.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis.
D) will never be changed.
W W W . T B S M . W S
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Global L.O.: G1
9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n)
A) theory.
B) fact.
C) control.
D) hypothesis.
E) observation.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in accord
with scientific principles is called a
A) hypothesis.
B) theory.
C) fact.
D) control.
E) postulate.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) observation and experimentation.
C) supernatural causes.
D) deductive reasoning.
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) repeatable by other scientists.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 25%
show no improvement or a decline in health. You should
A) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
C) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
E) begin work on developing a new drug.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1; G2; G4
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What was
the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?
A) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow.
B) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
C) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
D) The mold was dead.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20
pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for this
experiment?
A) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
C) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
E) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory?
A) Matter is composed of atoms.
B) Living things are made of cells.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms.
D) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology
Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk & Bruce E. Byers
11th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1
Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Life 30
Chapter 3 Biological Molecules 59
Chapter 4 Cell Structure and Function 91
Chapter 5 Cell Membrane Structure and Function 120
Chapter 6 Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell 150
Chapter 7 Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis 178
Chapter 8 Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration 211
Chapter 9 Cellular Reproduction 242
Chapter 10 Meiosis: The Basis of Sexual Reproduction 285
Chapter 11 Patterns of Inheritance 319
Chapter 12 DNA: The Molecule of Heredity 352
Chapter 13 Gene Expression and Regulation 382
Chapter 14 Biotechnology 412
Chapter 15 Principles of Evolution 441
Chapter 16 How Populations Evolve 472
Chapter 17 The Origin of Species 508
Chapter 18 The History of Life 537
Chapter 19 Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity 576
Chapter 20 The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses 604
Chapter 21 The Diversity of Protists 634
Chapter 22 The Diversity of Plants 666
Chapter 23 Diversity of Fungi 701
Chapter 24 Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates 736
Chapter 25 Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates 767
Chapter 26 Animal Behavior 803
Chapter 27 Population Growth and Regulation 836
Chapter 28 Community Interactions 871
Chapter 29 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems 908
Chapter 30 Earth's Diverse Ecosystems 945
Chapter 31 Conserving Earth's Biodiversity 981
Chapter 32 Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body 1012
Chapter 33 Circulation 1042
Chapter 34 Respiration 1071
Chapter 35 Nutrition and Digestion 1101
Chapter 36 The Urinary System 1131
Chapter 37 Defenses Against Disease 1163
Chapter 38 Chemical Control of the Animal Body: The Endocrine System 1197
,Chapter 39 The Nervous System 1236
Chapter 40 The Senses 1271
Chapter 41 Action and Support: The Muscles and Skeleton 1301
Chapter 42 Animal Reproduction 1330
Chapter 43 Animal Development 1363
Chapter 44 Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport 1397
Chapter 45 Plant Reproduction and Development 1429
Chapter 46 Plant Responses to the Environment 1458
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth
1.1 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) Scientific inquiry is based on
A) cultural biases or traditions.
B) stories that are passed down through generations.
C) natural causes.
D) information found in a gossip magazine.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Global L.O.: G1
2) Which of the following is an example of a natural cause?
A) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
B) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) If you sneeze, you will die.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Global L.O.: G1
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) faith requires deductive reasoning.
D) there aren't enough variables.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.6
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories?
A) They have been thoroughly tested.
B) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Global L.O.: G1
5) Which of these would be an example of a NON-scientific study?
A) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks.
B) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness against
the flu virus.
C) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce.
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one produces
the most sales.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT
A) experimentation.
B) a testable theory.
C) an observation.
D) a hypothesis.
E) conclusions.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesn't start one morning before
school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem?
A) I'm going to be late.
B) If I put gas in my car, it will start.
C) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery.
D) I should change the battery or the starter.
E) I should add a quart of oil.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
8) A scientific theory
A) is a general explanation for natural phenomena.
B) is an educated guess.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis.
D) will never be changed.
W W W . T B S M . W S
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Global L.O.: G1
9) A scientific explanation that is conditional and requires more investigation is called a(n)
A) theory.
B) fact.
C) control.
D) hypothesis.
E) observation.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in accord
with scientific principles is called a
A) hypothesis.
B) theory.
C) fact.
D) control.
E) postulate.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
11) All of the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) observation and experimentation.
C) supernatural causes.
D) deductive reasoning.
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) repeatable by other scientists.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond well, whereas 25%
show no improvement or a decline in health. You should
A) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
C) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
E) begin work on developing a new drug.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1; G2; G4
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 11th Edition (Audesirk, 2017)
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria. What was
the hypothesis proposed by Fleming to explain this result?
A) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow.
B) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
C) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
D) The mold was dead.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into 20
pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control for this
experiment?
A) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
C) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) 20 non-pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
E) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.7
Global L.O.: G1
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory?
A) Matter is composed of atoms.
B) Living things are made of cells.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms.
D) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Chapter Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
Learning Outcome: 1.9
Global L.O.: G1
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
