TEST BANK
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology
Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk & Bruce E. Byers
10th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1
Chapter 02 Atoms, Molecules, and Life 24
Chapter 03 Biological Molecules 48
Chapter 04 Cell Structure and Function 74
Chapter 05 Cell Membrane Structure and Function 97
Chapter 06 Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell 124
Chapter 07 Capturing Solar Energy Photosynthesis 147
Chapter 08 Harvesting Energy Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration 174
Chapter 09 The Continuity of Life Cellular Reproduction 200
Chapter 10 Patterns of Inheritance 225
Chapter 11 DNA The Molecule of Heredity 251
Chapter 12 Gene Expression and Regulation 275
Chapter 13 Biotechnology 299
Chapter 14 Principles of Evolution 322
Chapter 15 How Populations Evolve 347
Chapter 16 The Origin of Species 377
Chapter 17 The History of Life 404
Chapter 18 Systematics Seeking Order Amid Diversity 433
Chapter 19 The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses 456
Chapter 20 The Diversity of Protists 480
Chapter 21 The Diversity of Plants 507
Chapter 22 The Diversity of Fungi 532
Chapter 23 Animal Diversity I Invertebrates 560
Chapter 24 Animal Diversity II Vertebrates 585
Chapter 25 Animal Behavior 614
Chapter 26 Population Growth and Regulation 642
Chapter 27 Community Interactions 672
Chapter 28 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems 703
Chapter 29 Earth's Diverse Ecosystems 735
Chapter 30 Conserving Earth's Biodiversity 765
Chapter 31 Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body 790
Chapter 32 Circulation 815
Chapter 33 Respiration 839
Chapter 34 Nutrition and Digestion 862
Chapter 35 The Urinary System 887
Chapter 36 Defenses Against Disease 912
Chapter 37 Chemical Control of the Animal Body The Endocrine System 939
Chapter 38 The Nervous System 970
,Chapter 39 The Senses 997
Chapter 40 Action and Support The Muscles and Skeleton 1022
Chapter 41 Animal Reproduction 1045
Chapter 42 Animal Development 1071
Chapter 43 Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport 1098
Chapter 44 Plant Reproduction and Development 1124
Chapter 45 Plant Responses to the Environment 1148
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10e (Audesirk)
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Scientific inquiry is based on
A) natural selection.
B) stories that are passed down through generations.
C) natural causes.
D) information found in a gossip magazine.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) Which of the following is an example a natural cause?
A) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
W W W . T B S M . W S
B) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
D) If you sneeze you will die.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) faith requires deductive reasoning.
D) there aren't enough variables.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories?
A) They have been thoroughly tested.
B) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
5) Which of these is NOT scientific?
A) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks.
B) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness against
the flu virus.
C) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce.
E) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one produces
the most sales.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A) experimentation.
B) a testable theory.
C) an observation.
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) a hypothesis.
E) conclusions.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesn't start one morning
before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem?
A) I'm going to be late.
B) I'm out of gas.
C) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery.
D) I should change the battery or the starter.
E) I should add a quart of oil.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
8) A scientific theory
A) is a general explanation for natural phenomena.
B) is an educated guess.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis.
D) will never be changed.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
9) A scientific explanation that is tentative and requires more investigation is called a(n)
A) theory.
B) fact.
C) control.
D) hypothesis.
E) observation.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in
accord with scientific principles is called a
A) hypothesis.
B) theory.
C) fact.
D) control.
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) postulate.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) All the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT:
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) observation and experimentation.
C) supernatural causes.
D) inductive reasoning.
E) repeatable by other scientists.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond very well
whereas 25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should:
A) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
C) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
E) begin work on developing a new drug.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria.
Which of the following was his hypothesis?
A) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow.
B) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
C) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
D) The mold was dead.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation
14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into
20 pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control
for this experiment?
A) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
C) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) 20 nonpregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
E) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory?
A) Matter is composed of atoms.
B) Living things are made of cells.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms.
D) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
16) Which of the following is true regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories?
A) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven.
B) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot.
C) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot.
D) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are.
E) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization?
A) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ
B) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ
C) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell
D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule
E) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (that is, includes the most
life-forms)?
A) Organ system
B) Population
C) Biosphere
D) Community
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) Ecosystem
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
19) The smallest units that still retain the characteristics of an element are called
A) molecules.
B) cells.
C) atoms.
D) tissues.
E) organic molecules.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
20) Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?
A) All objects on Earth will fall down when dropped, and none will "fall up."
B) Living objects are composed of cells.
C) Atoms make up molecules, which make up cells, which make up tissues.
D) If an object exhibits all the characteristics of life, it must be living.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology
Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk & Bruce E. Byers
10th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 An Introduction to Life on Earth 1
Chapter 02 Atoms, Molecules, and Life 24
Chapter 03 Biological Molecules 48
Chapter 04 Cell Structure and Function 74
Chapter 05 Cell Membrane Structure and Function 97
Chapter 06 Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell 124
Chapter 07 Capturing Solar Energy Photosynthesis 147
Chapter 08 Harvesting Energy Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration 174
Chapter 09 The Continuity of Life Cellular Reproduction 200
Chapter 10 Patterns of Inheritance 225
Chapter 11 DNA The Molecule of Heredity 251
Chapter 12 Gene Expression and Regulation 275
Chapter 13 Biotechnology 299
Chapter 14 Principles of Evolution 322
Chapter 15 How Populations Evolve 347
Chapter 16 The Origin of Species 377
Chapter 17 The History of Life 404
Chapter 18 Systematics Seeking Order Amid Diversity 433
Chapter 19 The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses 456
Chapter 20 The Diversity of Protists 480
Chapter 21 The Diversity of Plants 507
Chapter 22 The Diversity of Fungi 532
Chapter 23 Animal Diversity I Invertebrates 560
Chapter 24 Animal Diversity II Vertebrates 585
Chapter 25 Animal Behavior 614
Chapter 26 Population Growth and Regulation 642
Chapter 27 Community Interactions 672
Chapter 28 Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems 703
Chapter 29 Earth's Diverse Ecosystems 735
Chapter 30 Conserving Earth's Biodiversity 765
Chapter 31 Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body 790
Chapter 32 Circulation 815
Chapter 33 Respiration 839
Chapter 34 Nutrition and Digestion 862
Chapter 35 The Urinary System 887
Chapter 36 Defenses Against Disease 912
Chapter 37 Chemical Control of the Animal Body The Endocrine System 939
Chapter 38 The Nervous System 970
,Chapter 39 The Senses 997
Chapter 40 Action and Support The Muscles and Skeleton 1022
Chapter 41 Animal Reproduction 1045
Chapter 42 Animal Development 1071
Chapter 43 Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport 1098
Chapter 44 Plant Reproduction and Development 1124
Chapter 45 Plant Responses to the Environment 1148
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10e (Audesirk)
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Life on Earth
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Scientific inquiry is based on
A) natural selection.
B) stories that are passed down through generations.
C) natural causes.
D) information found in a gossip magazine.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) Which of the following is an example a natural cause?
A) Mice arise from discarded garbage.
W W W . T B S M . W S
B) Maggots appear spontaneously on rotting meat.
C) Epilepsy is a disease caused by uncontrolled firing of nerve cells in the brain.
D) If you sneeze you will die.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
3) Science cannot answer certain faith-based questions because
A) scientists are not able to study human behavior.
B) faith-based beliefs are impossible to either prove or disprove.
C) faith requires deductive reasoning.
D) there aren't enough variables.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
4) Which of the following is FALSE about scientific theories?
A) They have been thoroughly tested.
B) They are developed by inductive reasoning.
C) They are used to support observations using deductive reasoning.
D) They can be either supported or modified by new observations.
E) They are firmly established and cannot be refuted.
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
5) Which of these is NOT scientific?
A) A study determines differences in the species composition in two parks.
B) People are immunized with different vaccines to determine their relative effectiveness against
the flu virus.
C) NASA sends tadpoles up in the space shuttle to see how gravity affects their development.
D) Consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best-tasting spaghetti sauce.
E) A company uses different advertising methods for a product to determine which one produces
the most sales.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
6) The scientific method includes all of the following EXCEPT:
A) experimentation.
B) a testable theory.
C) an observation.
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) a hypothesis.
E) conclusions.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
7) We use the scientific method every day. Imagine that your car doesn't start one morning
before school. Which of these is a reasonable hypothesis regarding the problem?
A) I'm going to be late.
B) I'm out of gas.
C) I should check whether the lights were left on and drained the battery.
D) I should change the battery or the starter.
E) I should add a quart of oil.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
8) A scientific theory
A) is a general explanation for natural phenomena.
B) is an educated guess.
C) is less reliable than a hypothesis.
D) will never be changed.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
9) A scientific explanation that is tentative and requires more investigation is called a(n)
A) theory.
B) fact.
C) control.
D) hypothesis.
E) observation.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
10) A carefully formulated scientific explanation that is based on extensive observations and is in
accord with scientific principles is called a
A) hypothesis.
B) theory.
C) fact.
D) control.
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) postulate.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) All the following are features of the scientific method EXCEPT:
A) hypothesis formulation.
B) observation and experimentation.
C) supernatural causes.
D) inductive reasoning.
E) repeatable by other scientists.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) Suppose you are testing a treatment for AIDS patients and find that 75% respond very well
whereas 25% show no improvement or a decline in health. You should:
A) conclude that you have proven the effectiveness of the drug.
B) conclude that only 75% of AIDS patients should be treated.
C) review the results, modify the drug or the dosage, and repeat the experiment.
D) discontinue experimentation with this treatment because 25% of patients did not improve.
E) begin work on developing a new drug.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
13) Alexander Fleming observed a colony of mold that inhibited the growth of nearby bacteria.
Which of the following was his hypothesis?
A) The mold used all of the nutrients so that the bacteria couldn't grow.
B) The mold produced a substance that killed nearby bacteria.
C) The bacteria changed their DNA when growing near the mold.
D) The mold was dead.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Synthesis/Evaluation
14) Imagine that 1 milliliter of an experimental drug diluted in a saline solution is injected into
20 pregnant mice to determine possible side effects. Which of the following is a suitable control
for this experiment?
A) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
B) 20 male mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
C) 20 pregnant mice injected with 2 milliliters of the drug
W W W . T B S M . W S
D) 20 nonpregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of the drug
E) 20 pregnant mice injected with 1 milliliter of saline
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
15) Which of the following statements is a hypothesis rather than a theory?
A) Matter is composed of atoms.
B) Living things are made of cells.
C) Modern organisms descended from preexisting life-forms.
D) Female birds prefer to mate with male birds that have longer tails.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
16) Which of the following is true regarding faith-based beliefs and scientific theories?
A) Both faith-based beliefs and scientific theories can be proven.
B) Any and all faith-based beliefs can be disproven, but scientific theories cannot.
C) Any and all scientific theories can be disproven, but faith-based beliefs cannot.
D) Scientific theories are not modifiable, but faith-based beliefs are.
E) Faith-based beliefs can become scientific theories.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology, 10th Edition (Audesirk, 2014)
17) Which is the correct sequence of increasing organization?
A) Molecule, cell, organelle, organ
B) Organelle, tissue, cell, organ
C) Atom, molecule, tissue, cell
D) Organ, tissue, cell, molecule
E) Cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
18) Which of the following levels of organization is the most inclusive (that is, includes the most
life-forms)?
A) Organ system
B) Population
C) Biosphere
D) Community
W W W . T B S M . W S
E) Ecosystem
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
19) The smallest units that still retain the characteristics of an element are called
A) molecules.
B) cells.
C) atoms.
D) tissues.
E) organic molecules.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
20) Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?
A) All objects on Earth will fall down when dropped, and none will "fall up."
B) Living objects are composed of cells.
C) Atoms make up molecules, which make up cells, which make up tissues.
D) If an object exhibits all the characteristics of life, it must be living.
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Section: 1.1
Skill: Application/Analysis
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
