TEST BANK
Becker's World of the Cell
Jeff Hardin & James P. Lodolce
10th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 A Preview of Cell Biology 1
Chapter 02 The Chemistry of the Cell 25
Chapter 03 The Macromolecules of the Cell 50
Chapter 04 Cells and Organelles 70
Chapter 05 Bioenergetics The Flow of Energy in the Cell 90
Chapter 06 Enzymes The Catalysts of Life 115
Chapter 07 Membranes Their Structure, Function, and Chemistry 138
Chapter 08 Transport Across Membranes Overcoming the Permeability Barrier 160
Chapter 09 Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism Glycolysis and Fermentation 184
Chapter 10 Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism Aerobic Respiration 205
Chapter 11 Phototrophic Energy Metabolism Photosynthesis 230
Chapter 12 The Endomembrane System 254
Chapter 13 Cytoskeletal Systems 279
Chapter 14 Cellular Movement Motility and Contractility 302
Chapter 15 Beyond the Cell Cell Adhesions, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures 327
Chapter 16 The Structural Basis of Cellular Information DNA, Chromosomes, and the
Nucleus 351
Chapter 17 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 372
Chapter 18 Gene Expression I. Transcription 394
Chapter 19 Gene Expression II. The Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis 410
Chapter 20 The Regulation of Gene Expression 434
Chapter 21 Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology 456
Chapter 22 Signal Transduction Mechanisms I. Electrical and Synaptic Signaling 481
Chapter 23 Signal Transduction Mechanisms II. Messengers and Receptors 504
Chapter 24 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis 529
Chapter 25 Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination 554
Chapter 26 Cancer Cells 578
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
Becker's World of the Cell, 10e (Hardin)
Chapter 01 A Preview of Cell Biology
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Robert Hooke coined the term cell when studying thin slices of cork. These ________ were
the first cells observed because ________.
A) dead plant cells; the thick cells walls did not require high resolution or magnification to view
B) dead animal cells; they were immobile and did not need to be fixed before viewing
C) compartments; they were actually the result of multiple cells that had merged and died to
form large compartments that were easy to view
D) immune cells; they produce antibodies that embed in the cell membrane to make it visible
E) "little rooms"; they were 100 nm in diameter, much larger than most plant cells
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-SF
2) The Latin phrase omnis cellula e cellula refers to a cellular principle. Which of the following
statements is the best interpretation of this phrase?
A) Tissues are composed of similar cells.
B) Cells generally are found in clusters.
C) All cells arise only from preexisting cells.
D) Organs are composed of tissues and cells.
E) The cell is the basic unit of structure.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G7
V&C LO: VC-SF
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
3) ________ improved the original light microscope in the late 1600s, allowing the visualization
of ________.
A) Theodor Schwann; the internal structures of cells, such as ribosomes, nuclei, and Golgi
bodies
B) Robert Hooke; bacteria and viruses
C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek; sperm cells, bacteria, algae, and other protists
D) Robert Brown; cell structures using fluorescent antibodies
E) Rudolf Virchow; collagen and muscle cells
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-S
4) Which organelle stores most of the DNA in plant and animal cells?
A) Golgi complex
B) Mitochondrion
C) Chloroplast
D) Nucleus
E) Lysosome
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-E
5) Which of the following statements is false?
A) All organisms consist of one or more cells.
B) All cells arise from preexisting cells.
C) The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms.
D) All cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
E) Cells come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G7
V&C LO: VC-PS
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
6) Which of the following is true of a nanometer?
A) A nanometer is about the size of a common bacterial cell.
B) A nanometer is one millionth of a meter.
C) A nanometer is equivalent to 10 Angstroms (Å).
D) The nanometer is the most common measurement used in measuring whole cells.
E) None of the above.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
7) Which of the following is closest to a micrometer in size?
A) The width of a strand of DNA
B) The length of a plant cell
C) The length of a chicken egg
D) A typical prokaryotic cell
E) The size of a ribosome
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
8) Cell biology emerged from which of the following fields of biology?
A) Biochemistry
B) Cytology
C) Genetics
D) Biochemistry, cytology, and genetics
E) Cytology and biochemistry
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-E
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
9) Which of the following is smallest?
A) Ribosome
B) Virus
C) Protein
D) Mitochondrion
E) Prokaryote
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
10) Early microscopes did not allow clear visualization of cells because they were limited by
A) magnification.
B) number of kernels.
C) resolution.
D) refraction.
E) both magnification and resolution.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
11) You are working on a project that involves the direct observation of DNA molecules. The
microscope that would give you the best information at this time would be the
A) light microscope.
B) phase-contrast microscope.
C) transmission electron microscope.
D) digital video microscope.
E) fluorescent microscope.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
12) The limit of resolution can best be defined as
A) the distance that an object must be moved to be distinguished from its background.
B) the inverse of the wavelength of light; it is greatest for black light.
C) the distance that two objects must be apart to be distinguished as separate objects.
D) the solvent that must be available to remix a solution.
E) the magnification power of a microscope.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
13) How does brightfield microscopy allow images to be visualized?
A) Specimens are illuminated with white light.
B) Electrons strike the specimen being examined.
C) Specimens are fixed and have bright fluorescent molecules attached to them.
D) Specimens are illuminated with blue light to visualize internal features of cells smaller than
100 nm.
E) Specimens are viewed under phased light to improve magnification.
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G7
V&C LO: VC-SF
14) Which of the following is an application of immunofluorescence microscopy?
A) Visualization of the natural fluorescence of a specimen under UV light
B) Identification of specific components of the immune system
C) Identifying which organelle or cellular compartment contains a particular protein
D) Visualization of the surface structures of a specimen
E) Construction of three-dimensional images of structures smaller than 10 nm
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-PS
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
15) Which type of microscopy enhances and amplifies slight changes in the phase of transmitted
light?
A) Differential interference contrast microscopy
B) Digital video microscopy
C) Fluorescence microscopy
D) Phase-contrast microscopy
E) Both differential interference contrast microscopy and phase-contrast microscopy
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-PS
16) Which type of microscopy has the greatest resolving power?
A) Electron microscopy
B) Phase-contrast microscopy
C) Fluorescence microscopy
D) Digital video microscopy
E) Confocal scanning microscopy
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
17) Which of the following can only be viewed by electron microscopy?
A) Frog eggs
B) DNA
C) Nuclei
D) Mitochondria
E) Prokaryotes
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
______________________________________________________________________________________________
6|Page
Becker's World of the Cell
Jeff Hardin & James P. Lodolce
10th Edition
,Table of Contents
Chapter 01 A Preview of Cell Biology 1
Chapter 02 The Chemistry of the Cell 25
Chapter 03 The Macromolecules of the Cell 50
Chapter 04 Cells and Organelles 70
Chapter 05 Bioenergetics The Flow of Energy in the Cell 90
Chapter 06 Enzymes The Catalysts of Life 115
Chapter 07 Membranes Their Structure, Function, and Chemistry 138
Chapter 08 Transport Across Membranes Overcoming the Permeability Barrier 160
Chapter 09 Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism Glycolysis and Fermentation 184
Chapter 10 Chemotrophic Energy Metabolism Aerobic Respiration 205
Chapter 11 Phototrophic Energy Metabolism Photosynthesis 230
Chapter 12 The Endomembrane System 254
Chapter 13 Cytoskeletal Systems 279
Chapter 14 Cellular Movement Motility and Contractility 302
Chapter 15 Beyond the Cell Cell Adhesions, Cell Junctions, and Extracellular Structures 327
Chapter 16 The Structural Basis of Cellular Information DNA, Chromosomes, and the
Nucleus 351
Chapter 17 DNA Replication, Repair, and Recombination 372
Chapter 18 Gene Expression I. Transcription 394
Chapter 19 Gene Expression II. The Genetic Code and Protein Synthesis 410
Chapter 20 The Regulation of Gene Expression 434
Chapter 21 Molecular Biology Techniques for Cell Biology 456
Chapter 22 Signal Transduction Mechanisms I. Electrical and Synaptic Signaling 481
Chapter 23 Signal Transduction Mechanisms II. Messengers and Receptors 504
Chapter 24 The Cell Cycle and Mitosis 529
Chapter 25 Sexual Reproduction, Meiosis, and Genetic Recombination 554
Chapter 26 Cancer Cells 578
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
Becker's World of the Cell, 10e (Hardin)
Chapter 01 A Preview of Cell Biology
1.1 Multiple Choice Questions
1) Robert Hooke coined the term cell when studying thin slices of cork. These ________ were
the first cells observed because ________.
A) dead plant cells; the thick cells walls did not require high resolution or magnification to view
B) dead animal cells; they were immobile and did not need to be fixed before viewing
C) compartments; they were actually the result of multiple cells that had merged and died to
form large compartments that were easy to view
D) immune cells; they produce antibodies that embed in the cell membrane to make it visible
E) "little rooms"; they were 100 nm in diameter, much larger than most plant cells
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-SF
2) The Latin phrase omnis cellula e cellula refers to a cellular principle. Which of the following
statements is the best interpretation of this phrase?
A) Tissues are composed of similar cells.
B) Cells generally are found in clusters.
C) All cells arise only from preexisting cells.
D) Organs are composed of tissues and cells.
E) The cell is the basic unit of structure.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G7
V&C LO: VC-SF
______________________________________________________________________________________________
1|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
3) ________ improved the original light microscope in the late 1600s, allowing the visualization
of ________.
A) Theodor Schwann; the internal structures of cells, such as ribosomes, nuclei, and Golgi
bodies
B) Robert Hooke; bacteria and viruses
C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek; sperm cells, bacteria, algae, and other protists
D) Robert Brown; cell structures using fluorescent antibodies
E) Rudolf Virchow; collagen and muscle cells
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-S
4) Which organelle stores most of the DNA in plant and animal cells?
A) Golgi complex
B) Mitochondrion
C) Chloroplast
D) Nucleus
E) Lysosome
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-E
5) Which of the following statements is false?
A) All organisms consist of one or more cells.
B) All cells arise from preexisting cells.
C) The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms.
D) All cells have a membrane-bound nucleus.
E) Cells come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes.
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G7
V&C LO: VC-PS
______________________________________________________________________________________________
2|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
6) Which of the following is true of a nanometer?
A) A nanometer is about the size of a common bacterial cell.
B) A nanometer is one millionth of a meter.
C) A nanometer is equivalent to 10 Angstroms (Å).
D) The nanometer is the most common measurement used in measuring whole cells.
E) None of the above.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
7) Which of the following is closest to a micrometer in size?
A) The width of a strand of DNA
B) The length of a plant cell
C) The length of a chicken egg
D) A typical prokaryotic cell
E) The size of a ribosome
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
8) Cell biology emerged from which of the following fields of biology?
A) Biochemistry
B) Cytology
C) Genetics
D) Biochemistry, cytology, and genetics
E) Cytology and biochemistry
Answer: D
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.1
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-E
______________________________________________________________________________________________
3|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
9) Which of the following is smallest?
A) Ribosome
B) Virus
C) Protein
D) Mitochondrion
E) Prokaryote
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
10) Early microscopes did not allow clear visualization of cells because they were limited by
A) magnification.
B) number of kernels.
C) resolution.
D) refraction.
E) both magnification and resolution.
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.1
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
11) You are working on a project that involves the direct observation of DNA molecules. The
microscope that would give you the best information at this time would be the
A) light microscope.
B) phase-contrast microscope.
C) transmission electron microscope.
D) digital video microscope.
E) fluorescent microscope.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
______________________________________________________________________________________________
4|Page
,______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
12) The limit of resolution can best be defined as
A) the distance that an object must be moved to be distinguished from its background.
B) the inverse of the wavelength of light; it is greatest for black light.
C) the distance that two objects must be apart to be distinguished as separate objects.
D) the solvent that must be available to remix a solution.
E) the magnification power of a microscope.
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
13) How does brightfield microscopy allow images to be visualized?
A) Specimens are illuminated with white light.
B) Electrons strike the specimen being examined.
C) Specimens are fixed and have bright fluorescent molecules attached to them.
D) Specimens are illuminated with blue light to visualize internal features of cells smaller than
100 nm.
E) Specimens are viewed under phased light to improve magnification.
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G7
V&C LO: VC-SF
14) Which of the following is an application of immunofluorescence microscopy?
A) Visualization of the natural fluorescence of a specimen under UV light
B) Identification of specific components of the immune system
C) Identifying which organelle or cellular compartment contains a particular protein
D) Visualization of the surface structures of a specimen
E) Construction of three-dimensional images of structures smaller than 10 nm
Answer: C
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Applying/Analyzing
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-PS
______________________________________________________________________________________________
5|Page
, ______________________________________________________________________________________________
Test Bank - Becker's World of the Cell, 10th Edition (Hardin, 2022)
15) Which type of microscopy enhances and amplifies slight changes in the phase of transmitted
light?
A) Differential interference contrast microscopy
B) Digital video microscopy
C) Fluorescence microscopy
D) Phase-contrast microscopy
E) Both differential interference contrast microscopy and phase-contrast microscopy
Answer: E
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G1
V&C LO: VC-PS
16) Which type of microscopy has the greatest resolving power?
A) Electron microscopy
B) Phase-contrast microscopy
C) Fluorescence microscopy
D) Digital video microscopy
E) Confocal scanning microscopy
Answer: A
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-PS
17) Which of the following can only be viewed by electron microscopy?
A) Frog eggs
B) DNA
C) Nuclei
D) Mitochondria
E) Prokaryotes
Answer: B
Chapter Section: 1.2
Bloom's Taxonomy: Remembering/Understanding
Learning Outcome: 1.2
Global LO: G4
V&C LO: VC-SF
______________________________________________________________________________________________
6|Page
