ACSM EP-C Certification Review exam 2022/2023 with 100% correct answers

Signs/Symptoms suggestive of CV, metabolic, or renal disease: - Pain - Intermittent claudication - Ankle edema - Dizziness or syncope - SOB (at rest or w/ mild exertion) - Unusual fatigue or SOB w/ usual activities - Orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea - Palpations or tachycardia - Known heart murmur Orthopnea: Dyspnea occurring at rest in the recumbent (laying down) position that is relieved promptly by sitting upright or standing Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea: Begins usually 2-5 hours after onset of sleep & may be relieved by sitting on side of bed or getting out of bed Intermittent Claudication: - Pain that occurs in lower extremities w/ an inadequate blood supply (usually result of atherosclerosis) that is brought on by exercise - Pain does not occur w/ standing or sitting, is reproducible day-to-day, is more severe when walking upstairs or up-hill, & is often described has a cramp that disappears 1-2 min after stopping exercise Snycope Loss of consciousness General Indications for Stopping an Exercise Test: - Onset of angina-like symptoms - Drop in SBP /= 10 w/ an increase in WR or if SBP decreases below value obtained in same position prior to testing - Excessive rise in BP = SBP /=250 &/or DBP /= 115 - SOB, wheezing, leg cramps, or claudication - Signs of poor perfusion = light-headedness, confusion, ataxia (loss of control of body movements), pallor (paleness), cyanosis, nausea, or cold & clammy skin - Failure of HR to increase w/ increased exercise intensity - Noticeable change in heart rhythm by palpation or auscultation - Subject requests to stop - Physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue - Failure of test equipment Contraindications to Symptom-Limited Maximal Exercise Testing: Absolute Contraindications - - Acute MI w/in 2d - Ongoing unstable angina - Uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia w/ hemodynamic compromise - Active endocarditis - Symptomatic severe aortic stenosis - Decompensated heart failure - Acute pulmonary embolism, pulmonary infarction, or deep venous thrombosis - Acute myocarditis or pericarditis - Acute aortic dissection - Physical disability that precludes safe & adequate training