WGU Introduction to Cryptography - C839 (EC-Council CES)

CrypTool - Answer- Software which allows encryption of text using historic algorithms The Enigma Machine - Answer- In World War II the Germans made use of an electro-mechanical rotor based cipher Known as The Enigma Machine. Allied cipher machines used in WWII included the British TypeX and the American SIGABA. The ADFGVX Cipher - Answer- invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel in 1918. The key for this algorithm is a six-by-six square of letters, used to encode a 36-letter alphabet. The Playfair Cipher - Answer- invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone. The Playfair cipher uses a five-by-five table containing a keyword or key phrase. Breaking the Vigenère Cipher - Answer- In 1863, Friedrich Kasiski was the first person to publish a successful general attack on the Vigenère Cipher The Vigenère Cipher - Answer- This is perhaps the most widely known multi-alphabet substitution cipher. invented in 1553 by Giovan Battista Bellaso. Uses a series of different Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a keyword. The Cipher Disk - Answer- The cipher disk was invented by Leon Alberti in 1466. each time you turned the disk, you used a new cipher. It was literally a disk you turned to encrypt plaintext. Multi-Alphabet Substitution - Answer- Use of multiple substitution alphabets. Example:Cipher Disk, Vigenere Cipher, Enigma Machine Scytale - Answer- This was a cylinder tool used by the Greeks, and is often specifically attributed to the Spartans. Physical cylinder that was used to encrypt messages. ROT13 Cipher - Answer- It is essentially the Caesar cipher always using a rotation or shift of 13 characters. The ATBASH Cipher - Answer- Hebrew scribes copying religious texts used this cipher. substitutes the first letter of the alphabet for the last, and the second letter for the second-to-the-last, etc.