BIO 93 WEEK 3 QUIZ Exams Elaboration

BIO 93 WEEK 3 QUIZ Exams Elaboration * For multiple choice questions, please circle only one answer. 1. A hypotonic solution will have a higher concentration of molecules than the inside of an animal cell, consequently, the cell will be . A. solute – plasmolyzed B. water – shriveled C. solute – lysed D. water – lysed 2. Timmy is a Bio 93 TA working on regeneration of limbs in a salamander known as the axolotl. When a salamander loses a leg, cells near the injury releases a protein called FGF (fibroblast growth factor) that binds only to nearby cells and triggers the regeneration of the leg. FGF is: A. An example of a hormone signal B. An integral protein C. Synthesized on free ribosomes D. Released from the cell by exocytosis E. An extracellular matrix protein 3. In cells with high energy demands like neurons or muscle cells, play a crucial role synthesizing ATP. A. rough ER B. mitochondria C. Golgi D. smooth ER E. transport vesicles 4. Asbestos is a material that was once used extensively in construction. One risk from working in a building that contains asbestos is the development of asbestosis caused by the inhalation of asbestos fibers. Cells will phagocytize asbestos, but are not able to degrade it. As a result, asbestos fibers accumulate in . A. mitochondria B. ribosomes C. peroxisomes D. lysosomes 5. Researchers tried to explain how vesicular transport occurs in cells by attempting to assemble the transport components. They set up microtubular tracks along which vesicles could be transported, and they added vesicles and ATP (because they knew the transport process requires energy). Yet, when they put everything together, there was no movement or transport of vesicles. What were they missing? A. an axon B. contractile microfilaments C. endoplasmic reticulum D. motor proteins EXTRA QUESTIONS The receptors for steroid hormones are located inside the cell instead of on the membrane surface like most other signal receptors. This is not a problem for steroids because . A) the receptors can be readily stimulated to exit and relocate on the membrane surface B) steroids do not directly affect cells but instead alter the chemistry of blood plasma C) steroid hormones are lipid soluble, so they can readily diffuse through the lipid bilayer of the cell membrane D) steroids must first bond to a steroid activator, forming a complex that then binds to the cell surface 2. Which of the following molecules is likely to cross directly the lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane: A. Glucose B. CO2 C. H2O D. NaCl E. NaOH Smooth endoplasmic reticulum A) stores calcium ions in muscle cells. B) is the major site of carbohydrate synthesis in eukaryotic cells. C) produces proteins for cell membranes. D) helps assemble ribosomes for protein synthesis. 51) Insulin is a protein that is produced by pancreatic cells and secreted into the bloodstream. Which of the following options correctly lists the order of the structures through which insulin passes from its production to its exit from the cell? A) rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, transport vesicles, cell membrane B) rough ER, lysosomes, transport vesicles, cell membrane C) rough ER, Golgi apparatus, smooth ER, cell membrane D) rough ER, transport vesicles, Golgi apparatus, vacuole, cell membrane The endomembrane system includes all of the following organelles except the A) plasma membrane. B) endoplasmic reticulum. C) peroxisome. D) Golgi apparatus. 38) The main function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum is the production of A) mitochondria and proteins secreted by the cell. B) hydrogen peroxide and steroid hormones secreted by the cell. C) ribosomes and steroid hormones. D) membrane and proteins secreted by the cell. For the following two questions write, in the correct answer: A) When the solute concentration inside a kidney cell is high, and the solute concentration in the urine is low: In which direction will water move? -- In or out of the cell? In B) Which cytoskeletal elements are involved in muscle contraction? MF