ATI Nutrition Practice Test B.

ATI Nutrition Practice Test B. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory data of four clients. The nurse should identify that which of the following clients is experiencing fluid overload? A client who has a sodium level of 130 mEq/L A nurse is planning discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following placement of a colostomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include? "Increase your intake of foods containing pectin." A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a pressure injury. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is at risk for impaired wound healing? Albumin 3.0 g/dL A nurse is providing teaching Cottage cheese to a client who is lactating The nurse should recommend cottage cheese as about increasing protein intake. the best source of protein because it is a complete Which of the following foods protein. Complete proteins contain all nine essential should the nurse recommend amino acids and provide the best support for as the best source of protein? human growth and nourishment. Assign privileges based on direct weight gain. A nurse is creating a plan of The nurse should explain to the client that care for a client who has restrictions and privileges will be dependent on anorexia nervosa. Which of the treatment compliance and direct weight gain. This following interventions should approach involves the client in development of the the nurse include in the plan? plan of care and gives them control in achieving desired privileges. A nurse in an antepartum clinic "I should take a daily iron supplement during my is teaching a client about pregnancy." nutritional recommendations MY ANSWER during pregnancy. Which of the Clients who are pregnant should take 30 mg of iron following client statements supplementation daily to reduce the risk for iron- indicates an understanding of deficiency anemia. the teaching? A nurse is admitting a client Orthostatic hypotension who has had a fever and MY ANSWER diarrhea for the past 3 days. The nurse should identify a client who is dehydrated Which of the following findings can experience orthostatic hypotension due to the should indicate to the nurse fluid loss from the client's body, which causes low the client is dehydrated? blood volume, resulting in low blood pressure. A nurse is providing "Breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up information regarding to 6 months of age." breastfeeding to the parents of MY ANSWER a newborn. Which of the Breast milk is nutritionally complete to support following statements should growth and development of newborns and infants. the nurse make? A nurse is assessing a client Ankle edemaThe nurse should identify that lower who experienced a 5% weight extremity edema is a manifestation of malnutrition loss in the past 30 days. Which and is indicative of a protein deficiency in the client. of the following findings should the nurse identify as an HyperreflexiaMY ANSWERParesthesia and weak indication of malnutrition? hand grasps are manifestations of malnutrition. A nurse is providing teaching Use canola oil instead of lard for frying.The nurse regarding diet modifications to should teach the client to use monounsaturated fats, a client who is at a high risk for such as canola oil, instead of saturated fats, such as cardiovascular disease. The lard, to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. client is accustomed to traditional Mexican foods and Use soy milk instead of cow's milk. wants to continue to include MY ANSWERThe nurse should recognize that soy them in her diet. Which of the milk is not part of a traditional Mexican diet and following recommendations should recommend fat-free or low-fat cow's milk. should the nurse give the client? A nurse is developing a Mashed potatoes teaching plan for a client who MY ANSWER has dysphagia and is being A mechanical soft diet is a diet of foods with altered discharged home with a texture. It includes cooked fruits and vegetables, prescription for a mechanical foods that are softened with liquids, and foods that soft diet. Which of the are thickened for consistency. following foods should the nurse include in the plan? A nurse is caring for a client "Increase dietary intake of lutein." who has age-related macular MY ANSWER degeneration (AMD) and asks Lutein, a carotenoid found in vitamin A, slows the the nurse if there are any progression of AMD and is found in kale, spinach, nutritional changes to consider. collards, and mustard greens. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A nurse is updating a plan of Feed the client in small, frequent volumes. care for a client who is MY ANSWER receiving intermittent enteral The nurse should administer the feedings in small, feedings and is experiencing frequent volumes because a large volume or rapid diarrhea. Which of the feeding of the formula can cause diarrhea. following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A nurse is planning care for a Relieve mouth pain by consuming frozen foods. client who is receiving MY ANSWER radiation to the neck and has The nurse should encourage the client to consume developed stomatitis. Which of frozen foods such as frozen bananas, ice cream, or the following interventions popsicles, which can numb the mouth and help should the nurse include in the alleviate pain. plan? A nurse is caring for a client who is being treated for cancer using chemotherapy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse suggest to aid in management of treatment- related changes in taste? Use plastic utensils.Use of plastic utensils can help minimize a metallic taste that often accompanies chemotherapy treatment. A nurse is providing discharge One slice wheat toast teaching to a client who has MY ANSWER Parkinson's disease and a Absorption of levodopa-carbidopa decreases prescription for levodopa- when consumed with protein. One slice of wheat carbidopa. Which of the toast is the lowest source of protein at 3 g per slice. following foods should the nurse instruct the client to consume with the medication? A nurse in a clinic is reviewing HbA1c 6.5% the laboratory findings of a The nurse should identify that a HbA1c level of less client who has type 2 diabetes than 7% indicates the plan of care is effective for a mellitus. Which of the following client who has type 2 diabetes mellitus. findings indicates the client's plan of care is effective? A nurse is caring for a group of Pressure injury clients. A client who has which MY ANSWER of the following conditions has A client who has a pressure injury needs additional an increased protein protein to promote healing. requirement? A nurse is caring for a client Tomato juiceMY ANSWERThe nurse should who has anemia and a new recommend the client consume the supplement prescription for an iron with beverages containing vitamin C, such as tomato supplement. The nurse should juice or orange juice, because this will enhance the recommend the client absorption of the iron supplement. consume the supplement with which of the following beverages to increase absorption? A nurse is providing HDL 79 mg/dL information about MY ANSWER cardiovascular risk to a client An HDL level greater than 45 mg/dL for a male and who has received a lipid panel greater than 55 mg/dL for a female is within the report. The nurse should expected reference range. An HDL of 79 mg/dL include that which of the indicates the client is at low risk for cardiovascular following findings is within an disease. expected reference range? A nurse is caring for a client Prealbumin 30 mg/dL who is receiving total Prealbumin level is a sensitive indicator of nutritional parenteral nutrition (TPN). status. The nurse should identify that a level of 30 Which of the following mg/dL is within the expected reference range of 15 laboratory findings indicates to 36 mg/dL and indicates the TPN is effective. that the TPN therapy is effective? A nurse is providing teaching "I will follow a high-protein diet." to a client who is currently MY ANSWER experiencing an exacerbation Clients who have Crohn's disease should follow a of Crohn's disease. Which of high-calorie, high-protein diet to prevent the following statements by the malnutrition and attain the required calories to client indicates an promote healing. understanding of dietary practices during acute episodes? A nurse is teaching a client Take peppermint oil during exacerbation of about managing irritable manifestations. MY ANSWER bowel syndrome (IBS). Which of the following information The nurse should teach the client to take should the nurse include in the peppermint oil because peppermint relaxes the teaching? smooth muscle of the GI tract and decreases the manifestations of IBS. Cantaloupe A nurse is caring for a client MY ANSWER who is prescribed captopril. ACE inhibitors, such as captopril, retain potassium The nurse should recognize and can lead to hyperkalemia. The nurse should that which of the following recognize that cantaloupe is a food source high in foods could cause a potential potassium as one cup contains 473 mg. The client medication interaction? should avoid cantaloupe as well as other foods that are high in potassium while taking an ACE inhibitor A nurse is providing nutritional "I will make a list before I go grocery shopping."MY teaching to a client who ANSWERDeveloping a shopping list allows the reports wanting to lose weight. client to adhere to meal planning, prevent impulse The nurse should identify that buying, and purchase only the quantity of food which of the following client needed. statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A nurse is teaching a client who "I should plan to gain a total of 25 to 35 pounds." has a BMI of 22 about dietary MY ANSWER recommendations during The nurse should teach a client whose weight is pregnancy. Which of the within the expected reference range to gain 11.3 to following statements by the 15.9 kg (25 to 35 lb) during pregnancy. client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A nurse is providing dietary Consume foods that are soft in texture and easy to teaching for a client who has chew. MY ANSWER COPD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse Eating a soft diet and avoiding foods that are include in the teaching? difficult to chew will decrease shortness of breath while eating. A nurse is educating a group of Calcium clients about vitamin and MY ANSWER mineral intake during The nurse should instruct the client to take calcium pregnancy. Which of the and iron supplements at different times, or between following supplements should meals, because calcium can interfere with iron the nurse instruct the clients to absorption if taken together with meals. avoid taking with iron? A nurse is caring for a client Check the client's blood glucose level. who has diabetes mellitus and MY ANSWER reports feeling dizzy, weak, The first action the nurse should take using the and shaky. Which of the nursing process is to assess the client. Therefore, following is the priority action checking the client's blood glucose level is the by the nurse? priority action. A nurse is teaching a client who "I can take this medication with juice." has a prescription for ferrous MY ANSWER sulfate about food interactions. The nurse should instruct the client to take this Which of the following medication between meals with juice. The client can statements indicates that the take this medication with meals if gastric upset client understands the occurs. teaching? A client reports constipation Calcium during a routine checkup. The MY ANSWER client was previously Calcium can lead to constipation by decreasing encouraged to increase their peristalsis. intake of mineral supplements. Which of the following minerals should the nurse identify as the possible cause of the constipation? A nurse is providing teaching "I will eat dry cereal before I get out of bed." to a client who reports nausea MY ANSWER during pregnancy. Which of the Carbohydrates, such as dry cereal, are absorbed following statements by the quickly and readily raise blood sugar levels, which client indicates an should reduce nausea. understanding of the teaching? A nurse is caring for a client Warm the formula to room temperature. who develops diarrhea while A client can develop diarrhea if the formula being receiving a continuous enteral infused is too cold. Therefore, the nurse should tube feeding. Which of the warm the formula to room temperature prior to following actions should the administration. nurse take? A nurse is preparing to EggsMY ANSWERA hypersensitivity to eggs can administer an influenza vaccine place a client at risk for allergic reactions when to an adult client who reports receiving the influenza vaccine. The vaccine should food allergies. Which of the only be administered by a healthcare provider who following food allergies could can recognize and respond to severe allergic place the client at risk for a reactions. reaction? A nurse is teaching a client who Two poached eggs and a bananaA low-residue diet is preparing for bowel surgery limits the amount of stool traveling through the about a low-residue diet. intestinal tract. The nurse should teach the client to Which of the following food avoid foods high in fiber. Poached eggs and choices by the client indicates bananas are acceptable low-residue menu choices. an understanding of the teaching? "I will eat five servings of fruits and vegetables each A nurse is providing teaching day." about cancer prevention to a MY ANSWER group of clients. Which of the The nurse should instruct the clients to consume following client statements four to five servings, or about 2.5 cups, of fruits and indicates an understanding of vegetables daily. Eating various fruits and the teaching? vegetables assists in decreasing blood pressure and weight. A nurse is caring for a client Place the client in a semi-Fowler's position. who is receiving intermittent MY ANSWER enteral feedings every 4 hr via The nurse should maintain the client in a semi- an NG tube. Which of the Fowler's position to reduce the risk for aspiration of following actions should the stomach contents during the feeding and for at nurse take to reduce the risk least 30 min after the completion of the feeding. for aspiration? increased urination A nurse is admitting a client MY ANSWER who has diabetic ketoacidosis. The nurse should identify that increased urination is Which of the following findings a manifestation of diabetic ketoacidosis. Other should the nurse expect? manifestations can include fruity breath, Kussmaul respirations, excessive thirst, and orthostatic hypotension. A nurse is providing dietary "I will use leftovers within 24 hours." teaching about reducing the MY ANSWER risk of infection to a client who The client should use leftovers within 24 hr to has cancer and is receiving reduce the risk of infection from a foodborne chemotherapy. Which of the pathogen. following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? A nurse is reviewing the Glucose 238 mg/dL laboratory results of a client MY ANSWER who is receiving continuous This laboratory finding is above the expected total parenteral nutrition. reference range for casual glucose and requires Which of the following results reporting to the provider. should the nurse report to the provider? A nurse is caring for a client Dextrose 10% in water who is receiving total MY ANSWER parenteral nutrition (TPN). The The nurse should administer dextrose 10% in water current bag of TPN is empty at the same rate as the TPN to prevent and a new bag is not available hypoglycemia. on the unit. Which of the following solutions should the nurse infuse until a new bag of TPN is available? A nurse is providing dietary "I can have tapioca pudding for dessert." teaching to a client who has MY ANSWER celiac disease. Which of the A client who has celiac disease can consume following statements by the tapioca because this starch does not contain gluten. client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A nurse is providing teaching Grapefruit juice for a client who has a new The nurse should instruct the client to avoid prescription for nifedipine. grapefruit and grapefruit juice while taking Which of the following foods nifedipine. Concurrent use can result in elevated should the nurse instruct the levels of nifedipine and an increased risk for client to avoid? adverse effects. A nurse is caring for a client "Decrease your sodium intake to 1 to 2 grams per who has cirrhosis and ascites. day." Which of the following dietary To decrease fluid retention, a client who has instructions should the nurse cirrhosis should limit their daily sodium intake to provide for this client? 2,000 mg. A nurse is calculating the daily protein allowance of a client who weighs 176 lb. The client's daily protein allowance is 0.8 g/kg. How many grams of protein should the client consume per day? (Round your answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.) 64 A nurse is assessing a client Eating a diet rich in potassium who has end-stage kidney MY ANSWER disease (ESKD). Which of the A client who has ESKD has impaired kidney function following dietary habits and is unable to eliminate potassium. As urine increases the client's risk for output declines, hyperkalemia develops, which can dysrhythmias? cause cardiac dysrhythmias. A nurse is performing a Prealbumin 8 mg/dL comprehensive nutritional MY ANSWER assessment for a client. After A prealbumin level of 8 mg/dL is a critical value that reviewing the client's indicates severe malnutrition and requires reporting laboratory results, which of the to the provider who can prescribe a nutritional following findings should the intervention. The expected reference range for nurse report to the provider? prealbumin is 15 to 36 mg/dL. A nurse in an emergency Sodium department is reviewing the MY ANSWER laboratory report for a client The nurse should expect the client's laboratory who is confused and reports report to indicate a sodium deficit. The nausea and abdominal manifestations of sodium deficit include confusion, cramping. The nurse should headache, nausea, dizziness, and abdominal expect the client's laboratory cramps. The manifestations of sodium toxicity results to indicate a dietary include confusion, thirst, and weakness. deficiency of which of the following minerals? A nurse is caring for a client Flush the tube with warm water. who is receiving continuous According to evidence-based practice, the first enteral feedings via an NG action the nurse should take when a tube feeding tube. The nurse notices that the stops infusing is to flush the tube with 30 to 50 mL tube feeding has stopped of warm water to re-establish flow. Other infusing. Which of the following interventions might be required if flushing does not actions is the nurse's priority? remove the clog. "You should increase your daily protein intake." MY ANSWER A nurse is teaching an older The nurse should instruct the client to increase the adult client about nutritional daily intake of protein to increase strength and to recommendations. Which of enhance immune function and wound healing. The the following statements nurse should recommend a protein intake of 1 to 1.2 should the nurse make? g/kg/day of protein for a healthy older adult client. If the older adult client has acute or chronic medical diagnoses, the nurse should recommend 1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day of protein. A nurse is assessing the meal ½ cup bran cereal pattern of a client who has MY ANSWER diverticular disease and a A high-fiber diet is recommended for clients who prescription for a high-fiber have diverticular disease because bulky, soft stools diet. Which of the following are easier for the client to pass and result in food choices by the client decreased pressure within the colon. The nurse contains the most fiber? should determine that a ½ cup of bran cereal contains the most fiber at 10 g per serving. A nurse is initiating an enteral High calorie feeding for a client who has A client who has pulmonary disease requires a chronic bronchitis. Which of formula that is high in calories and protein to the following types of formula maintain energy demands. should the nurse anticipate administering to the client? A nurse is providing discharge Prepare meals on a schedule. teaching to a client who has a MY ANSWER new ileostomy. Which of the The nurse should teach a client who has an following dietary guidelines ileostomy to prepare meals on a schedule to should the nurse include in the promote regular bowel elimination patterns. teaching? Provide three large meals daily is incorrect. The nurse should provide small, frequent meals for a client who is experiencing an altered taste.Offer A nurse is caring for a client citrus fruits is correct. Citrus fruits stimulate the who is receiving radiation production of more saliva, which helps diminish the therapy. The client reports a metallic taste.Suggest pickles as a snack is correct. metallic taste in his mouth Pickles stimulate the production of more saliva, while eating. Which of the which helps diminish the metallic taste.Rinse following actions should the silverware prior to eating is incorrect. Plastic utensils nurse take? (Select all that should be used to avoid increasing the metallic apply.) taste in foods.Gargle with mouthwash is correct. Gargling with mouthwash stimulates the production of more saliva, which helps diminish the metallic taste. A nurse is caring for a client Offer the client a high-calorie diet. who has advanced Parkinson's The nurse should add high-calorie food to the disease and dysphagia. Which client's diet because muscular rigidity increases of the following actions should metabolic rate, which increases caloric need. the nurse take? A nurse is providing dietary 4 oz ground beef patty teaching about increased zinc The nurse should determine that a ground beef intake for a client who has patty is the best food source to recommend chronic skin ulcers of the lower because a 4 oz ground beef patty contains 5.49 mg extremities. Which of the of zinc. following foods should the nurse recommend as containing the highest amount of zinc? A nurse is planning dietary Provide meals at room temperature. interventions for a client who is MY ANSWER prescribed external radiation The nurse should plan to offer the client's foods at for laryngeal cancer. The client room temperature or colder. Foods at these reports manifestations of temperatures are less irritating to the mucosa. stomatitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include? A nurse is conducting dietary teaching for a group for clients who are trying to become pregnant. Which of the following food items should the nurse include as containing the highest amount of folate? 3.5 oz chicken liverMY ANSWERThe nurse should recommend this food because 3.5 oz of chicken liver contains the highest amount of folate, 770 mcg. A nurse is caring for a client Decrease the rate of the feeding. who is receiving continuous MY ANSWER tube feedings via a The nurse should identify the client is experiencing gastrostomy tube. The client diarrhea, which might be due to the formula being has had three loose stools in delivered continuously and the client's body being the last 4 hr. Which of the unable to digest it. The nurse should anticipate a following prescriptions should prescription to decrease the rate of the feeding. the nurse anticipate? 1 cup of yogurt MY ANSWER The nurse should recommend yogurt as a snack A nurse is providing nutritional food for a 2-year-old toddler. The consistency of teaching to the guardians of a yogurt poses no choking hazard, and because of 2-year-old toddler. Which of their increased activity level, toddlers require 13 to the following snack foods 16 g of protein each day to meet the demands for should the nurse recommend muscle growth. At 8 g/cup, yogurt is a high-quality including in the toddler's diet? source of protein. The nurse can also teach the guardians to make yogurt smoothies by combining yogurt and the child's favorite fruit in a blender.