BUSN 206 Phlebotomy Practice Exam with complete solution

BUSN 206 Phlebotomy Practice Exam with complete solution This complication results from repeated venipuncture of the same vein, what is it? - answerPhlebitis The additive in the red/gray speckled collection tube also known as a Gold/SST is what? - answerThixotropic gel and silica What does CMP stand for? - answerComprehensive metabolic panel The phlebotomist was sent to the ward to draw blood for coagulation studies. What does the phlebotomist need to do? - answerFill a light blue tube to the top. When you spin the blood in a gray top tube, which contains an anticoagulant, what is the resulting fluid portion? - answerPlasma The additive in a gray collection tube is what? - answerPotassium oxalate and sodium flouride How much blood is found in the average adult body? - answer5-7 liters What step should a phlebotomist take if blood was drawn from the wrong patient? - answerImmediately report the incident to the supervisor for corrective action. When blood is found in the urine of a patient it is defined as what? - answerHematuria A patient was rushed to the emergency room because of dehydration due to severe vomiting of 3 days duration. The ER physician orders a test for STAT electrolytes and asks you to draw it. Which of the following tubes would the phlebotomist use to to the collection? - answerGreen-top tube When the body has had adequate rest and no food for at least 12 hours, it is said to be in what? - answerbasal state Which of the following samples would be best for the determination of blood acidity and blood gases? - answerarterial blood What is one of the most common complications from phlebotomy procedure? - answerHematoma Red-top tubes are also called "plain" tubes. Blood collected in these tubes will clot by normal coagulation processes, how long will this process take? - answer30-60 minutes The "butterfly" needle is another name for what? - answerWinged infusion set What is the additive in a light blue top tube? - answerSodium citrate. What is the term for destruction of red blood cells? - answerHemolysis A patient came to the clinic for a low-grade fever of one-month duration. As part of the laboratory work-up, the physician ordered and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The phlebotomist on duty would draw the specimen using which tube? - answerLavender When the tourniquet is tied too tight, capillaries rupture, what is the rupturing called? - answerPetechiae The boundaries for the approved area in performing hell punctures are what? - answerThe medial line extending from the great toe and lateral line extending from the fourth and fifth digit. How far above the site of draw is the tourniquet placed? - answer4-6 inches. Which of the following tubes is used for Prothrombin Time and Partial Thromboplastin Time? - answerLight blue top tube The phenylketonuria (PKU) test is used to diagnose deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase; the most common clinically encountered inborn error of metabolism. Where is it performed? - answerOn a newborn's heel. What is another name for red blood cells? - answerErythrocytes What is the proper way to dispose of a needle? - answerPut it into a sharps container, SAFETY CAPPED, after withdrawing it from the patient's arm. Is a 23-gauge needle smaller or larger than a 21-gauge needle? - answerSmaller. What is the tube for glucose testing? - answerGray-top tube. A patient has been taking aspiring for arthritis. What will most likely be effected? - answerBleeding time. Every spring, Peter Fitzwell suffers from severe allergies. What would be the picture of his WBC differential count? - answerIncreased eosinophils. If a patient verbally or physically refuses a venipuncture procedure, the phlebotomist should do what? - answerImmediately report the refusal and actions taken to their supervisor. Which tubes are used to collect specimen for coagulation studies? - answerRed, SST, and Royal Blue (R) What do you call a microorganism that causes disease? - answerPathogenic. An obese patient was sent to the laboratory for a complete blood count. Which vein is most likely to be the only one that the phlebotomist can palpate? - answerCephalic vein. What is the additive in a green-top collection tube? - answerLithium Heparin/Sodium Heparin What is the most important PPE for a phlebotomist when performing skin puncture or venipuncture? - answerGloves How does the phlebotomist identify a patient in every medical setting? - answerAsking the patient for their full name Which vein in the arm is most subjected to venipuncture? - answerMedia cubital vein How do you properly end a venipuncture procedure? - answerRemove the tourniquet, remove the tube, remove the needle, and apply pressure. What information must be on the specimen sample? - answerPatient's name, date, and time of collection. What is a right under the Patient's Bill of Rights? - answerDecline medical treatment. What can occur when the tourniquet is left on for too long? - answerHemoconcentration. What is the recommended depth of an infant heel puncture according to the American Safety of Pediatrics? - answer2.0 mm What is the additive in a pink collection tube used in blood banking? - answerEthylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) A patient experiencing Hypoglycemia is having what? - answerLow blood glucose levels On three occasions, blood from Richard Gozinya turned out hemolyzed. Mr. Gozinya is perfectly healthy and has no known disease that may explain the hemolyzed sample. What could be the possible cause? - answerThe phlebotomist had been using a 25-gauge needle. How many tubes are drawn in a three hour glucose tolerance test? - answer4 Before a blood donation is made, the phlebotomist must always check what? - answerHematocrit and hemoglobin value. How can a hematoma be prevented? - answerA gauze and adhesive strip is immediately placed with pressure on the site after the needle is removed. What color tube is a blood lead level lab test drawn in? - answerRoyal Blue top tube. What is the goal when making a blood smear? - answerTo get a feathered edge. If a patient has a syncopal episode during a blood draw, what should the phlebotomist do first? - answerRemove the needle, and then remove the tourniquet. What are blood cultures or C&S testing taken to determine? - answerThe presence of microorganisms in the blood. What is usually performed by a nurse or respiratory therapist? - answerArterial blood draw What can excessive massaging or milking the finger during a skin puncture procedure cause? - answerHemolysis and contamination of the specimen with tissue fluids. A female patient complains says the following to you, "It is against my religion to be touched by a male technician." What is the appropriate response? - answerGet a female technician to perform the tests. If a physician suspects drug abuse, which specimen would be collected? - answerUrine Does the red/gray, lavender, gray, or yellow top tube yiel serum from the specimen selected? - answerRed/gray top tube What is the most frequently occurring nosocomial infection? - answerHepatitis B The phlebotomist is called to the Emergency Department to draw blood for a CBC and a blood alcohol test from a patient involved in an auto accident. The patient asks the phlebotomist what blood tests the physician has ordered on him. What is the best response? - answerTell the patient the physician has ordered a CBC and a blood alcohol level. An hour ago a 12 year old girl came in to an outpatient-drawing center for a pregnancy test. Now she is back without her parents and wants to know the results of the test, which the phlebotomist overheard someone in the lab say is positive. What is the best response? - answerTell the girl that she should contact her physician for the test results. As a new phlebotomist, you are inserting a needle into a patient's arm to draw a blood sample when he suddenly jerks. The needle comes out of the vein and pierces your index finger. What is the appropriate reaction? - answerWash your wound with soapy water as soon as possible and report the injury to your supervisor. Every time you come on to your shift, the sharps container on the phlebotomy tray is overflowing. What is the appropriate reaction? - answerCarefully remove the overflowing sharps container from the tray and report the safety violation to the supervisor. What is the most important means of preventing infection? - answerHand washing The needle should be inserted into the arm with the bevel facing in which direction? - answerUpwards What is plasma? - answerThe fluid portion of un-clotted blood. What is another name for a serum separator tube (SST)? - answerRed/gray top tube What does post-prandial mean? - answerAfter a meal Which of the following test may be performed from blood collected in capillary tubing? - answerComplete blood count Vascular phase of hemostasis is characterized by which of the following? - answerBlood vessels constrict in response to injury Latex sensitivity is a type of what? - answerAllergic reaction What is the purpose of the tourniquet in the venipuncture procedure? - answerTo enlarge the veins to they are easier to find and enter. The phlebotomist was asked to collect a specimen from a patient in the Oncology department. What would a patient in this department most likely be treated for? - answerCancer What criterion do you use to decide which needle gauge to use for venipuncture? - answerSize and condition of the vein What is the most critical mistake a phlebotomist can make? - answerFailing to properly identify the patient. How long can a tourniquet remain in place during a venipuncture? - answerFor no longer than one minute. What is a proper technique in obtaining capillary blood? - answerWiping off the first drop of blood What is the purpose of warming the site prior to a dermal puncture? - answerIt increases the blood flow. What is the purpose of the accession number? - answerIt provides a unique tracking number for the specimen. When cleaning a venipuncture site, what should the phlebotomist do? - answerCleanse the area in an outward spiral What is the most common cause of blood culture contamination? - answerImproper skin preparation Which section of the Clinical Laboratory will perform pregnancy tests on blood specimens? - answerChemistry What is the function of a neutrophil? - answerPhagocytes (engulf bacteria) What is the function of thrombocytes? - answerClotting of repairing of blood vessel What is informed consent? - answerA patient consent of awareness for the procedure performed What is CDC? - answerCenter for Disease Control and Prevention What is Patient Confidentiality? - answerThe patient's right to preserve his/her information What is negligence? - answerFailure to exercise standard care What is an infection transmitted by an exchange of bodily fluids with blood considered? - answerDirect infection C & S (culture and sensitivity) is studied by which laboratory section? - answerMicrobiology What is Point of Care Testing? - answerTest performed at patient's bedside Clean Catch midstream urine sample is used for what? - answerChemistry of urine sample What is a capillary? - answerMicroscopic vessel What will be wrong with a sample of blood from a capillary puncture after excessive squeezing of the finger? - answerContaminated with tissue fluid What is the innermost layer of the blood vessel called? - answerEndothelial Which vessel has valves? - answerVein Which vaccine are all employees at risk of Blood Borne Pathogen exposure required by OSHA to receive? - answerHepatitis B What does a lipemia sample look like? - answerSerum is milky in appearance What is a fomite? - answerInanimate object which transmits microorganisms/disease What is a Cyanotic condition? - answerBluish color due to lack of oxygen in blood What is Edema? - answerExcessive water under the skin in the tissue