BIOS 256 Final Exam
1. what are male gametes?: Sperm
2. What are female gametes?: Secondary oocytes
3. Embryonic period?: From fertilization through the eighth week of
development
4. Fetal period?: Begins at week 9 and continues on until birth
5. Describe the first trimester?: The first trimester is from conception to
13 weeks. This period is very critical to babies health due to the
extensive oran-system development, and baby is most vulnerable to
teratogens.
6. Describe the second trimester?: 14 weeks to 27 weeks. Baby
begins to develop human like features
7. Describe the third trimester?: 28 weeks to 40 weeks. Rapid fetal
growth, fetus doubles in weight.
8. Cleavage of zygote: Mitotic division after
fertilization Day 1: two-cell stage
1/
,Day 2: four-cell
stage Day 3: eight-
cell stage Day 4:
morula
Day 5: blastocyst
Day 6: Implantation in
uterine wall FIGURE 29.5
9. What factors stimulate the thirst center in the hypothalamus?:
Increased blood osmolarity(more solutes)
Decreased blood
volume Decreased
blood pressure Dry
mouth
10.What does a decreased blood pressure stimulate in the kidneys?:
Stim- ulates the release of renin, which increases angiotensin II
formation, leading
to increased thirst, increased water intake, and increased blood
volume, and increased blood pressure
11.What are the two main solutes in extracellular fluid and in urine?: Na+
and Cl-
12.ADH function: ADH responds to increased osmolarity, by inserting
aquaporins in late DCT and collecting ducts, which increases the
permeability to water and allows for more water to be reabsorbed,
decreasing blood osmolarity, increasing blood volume, increasing
2/
, blood pressure
3/
1. what are male gametes?: Sperm
2. What are female gametes?: Secondary oocytes
3. Embryonic period?: From fertilization through the eighth week of
development
4. Fetal period?: Begins at week 9 and continues on until birth
5. Describe the first trimester?: The first trimester is from conception to
13 weeks. This period is very critical to babies health due to the
extensive oran-system development, and baby is most vulnerable to
teratogens.
6. Describe the second trimester?: 14 weeks to 27 weeks. Baby
begins to develop human like features
7. Describe the third trimester?: 28 weeks to 40 weeks. Rapid fetal
growth, fetus doubles in weight.
8. Cleavage of zygote: Mitotic division after
fertilization Day 1: two-cell stage
1/
,Day 2: four-cell
stage Day 3: eight-
cell stage Day 4:
morula
Day 5: blastocyst
Day 6: Implantation in
uterine wall FIGURE 29.5
9. What factors stimulate the thirst center in the hypothalamus?:
Increased blood osmolarity(more solutes)
Decreased blood
volume Decreased
blood pressure Dry
mouth
10.What does a decreased blood pressure stimulate in the kidneys?:
Stim- ulates the release of renin, which increases angiotensin II
formation, leading
to increased thirst, increased water intake, and increased blood
volume, and increased blood pressure
11.What are the two main solutes in extracellular fluid and in urine?: Na+
and Cl-
12.ADH function: ADH responds to increased osmolarity, by inserting
aquaporins in late DCT and collecting ducts, which increases the
permeability to water and allows for more water to be reabsorbed,
decreasing blood osmolarity, increasing blood volume, increasing
2/
, blood pressure
3/
