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Samenvatting Chronische aandoeningen: Diabetes mellitus

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Samenvatting rondom het thema diabetes mellitus.

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Uploaded on
November 18, 2022
Number of pages
6
Written in
2022/2023
Type
Summary

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Module 5 – Thema 3 – DM


Insuline
Wordt aangemaakt door de endocriene B-cellen in de eilandjes van Langerhans in
de pancreas.

Koolhydraatstofwisseling




Vetstofwisseling
Insuline bevordert de lipogenese. Het wordt omgezet in vetzuren en dan naar
vet.




Eiwitstofwisseling
Insuline stimuleert de eiwitsynthese, vooral in spieren en lever. Aminozuren
worden door insuline omgezet in eiwitten.




Begrippen
o Glycolyse  Het afbreken van glucose mbv enzymen tot
pyrodruivenzuur in de cel. Je krijgt pyruvaat en energie (2
ATP)
o Glycogenese  Van glucose naar glycogeen mbv insuline.
o Glycogenolyse  Van glycogeen naar glucose mbv glucagon
o Gluconeogenese  Het opnieuw vormen van glucose uit niet
koolhydraat bronnen als aminozuren en glycerol.
o Lipogenese  Van glucose naar vetzuren + glycerol en
uiteindelijk triglyceriden mbv insuline
o Lipolyse  Van triglyceriden (=vet) naar glucose mbv glucagon
o Proteolyse  Van proteines naar aminozuren mbv glucagon.



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