NURS 2050 Test Bank the Human Body in Health & Disease -7th Edition Patton QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

NURS 2050 Test Bank the Human Body in Health & Disease -7th Edition Patton QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. Chapter 01: Introduction to the Body Patton: The Human Body in Health & Disease, 7th Edition MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. Which word is derived from the Greek word meaning “cutting up”? a. Dissection b. Physiology c. Pathology d. Anatomy ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 1. Which word is defined as the study of the function of living organisms and their parts? a. Dissection b. Physiology c. Pathology d. Anatomy ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 3 TOP: Introduction 2. Which word is defined as the scientific study of disease? a. Dissection b. Physiology c. Pathology d. Anatomy ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 3. Cells a. are more complex than tissues. b. are the first level of organization in the body. c. are the smallest living units of structure and function in the body. d. both B and C. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 4. A group of cells that act together to perform a function is called a(n) a. molecule. b. organ. c. tissue. d. organism. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 5. The heart is an example of a(n) a. organ. b. tissue. c. organism. d. system. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. The levels of organization from most simple to most complex are a. cell chemical organ tissue system. b. tissue cell chemical organ system. c. chemical tissue cell organ system. d. chemical cell tissue organ system. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 5 TOP: Structural levels of organization 7. When using directional terms to describe the body, it is assumed that the body is in what position? a. Supine b. Anatomical c. Lateral d. Prone ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 8. The supine position a. describes the body lying face up. b. is also called anatomical position. c. describes the body lying face down. d. both A and B. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 9. The prone position a. describes the body lying face up. b. is also called the anatomical position. c. describes the body lying face down. d. both B and C. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 10. Because humans walk upright, the term dorsal can be used in place of the term a. inferior. b. posterior. c. anterior. d. distal. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 11. The opposite term for posterior in humans is a. superior. b. anterior. c. ventral. d. both B and C. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 12. The opposite term for superficial is a. deep. b. inferior. c. posterior. d. medial. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 13. The body section that divides the right ear from the left ear is a section. a. frontal b. sagittal c. coronal d. transverse ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 14. The body section that divides the nose from the back of the head is a section. a. frontal b. sagittal c. midsagittal d. transverse ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 15. A section that divides the body into mirror images is a section. a. frontal b. coronal c. midsagittal d. transverse ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 16. The two major body cavities are called a. thoracic and abdominal. b. thoracic and pelvic. c. dorsal and ventral. d. mediastinum and pleural. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 17. The liver can be found in the a. upper right quadrant. b. epigastric region. c. hypogastric region. d. both A and B. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities 18. The word “leg” correctly describes the a. area from the hip to the foot. b. area from the knee to the ankle. c. area between the hip and the knee. d. femoral area. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 13 TOP: Body regions 19. The human body tries to maintain a constant body temperature. This is an example of a. homeostasis. b. a positive feedback loop. c. an effector. d. a sensor. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 20. The part of a feedback loop that has the direct effect on the regulated condition is called a. homeostasis. b. the effector. c. the sensor. d. the control center. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 21. The part of the feedback loop that detects a change in the regulated condition is called a. homeostasis. b. the effector. c. the sensor. d. the control center. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 22. The part of the feedback loop that compares the present condition within a body part or region to its homeostatic condition is called a. homeostasis. b. the effector. c. the sensor. d. the control center. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 23. When your body temperature drops below normal, your muscles begin to contract rapidly, making you shiver and generating heat. In this case your muscles are acting as the a. sensor. b. effector. c. control center. d. both A and C. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Synthesis REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 24. Which of the following body functions is an example of a positive feedback loop? a. Maintaining a pH of 7.45 in the body b. Forming a blood clot c. Uterine contractions during labor d. Both B and C ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: pp. 15-16 TOP: The balance of body functions 25. The level of organization that precedes the organ level is the level. a. system b. cellular c. tissue d. chemical ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 5 TOP: Structural levels of organization 26. Which of these terms cannot be applied to a body in the anatomical position? a. Dorsal b. Posterior c. Supine d. Both A and B ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 27. Which term means toward the head? a. Anterior b. Superior c. Superficial d. Ventral ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 28. Which describes the anatomical relationship of the wrist to the elbow? a. The elbow is proximal to the wrist. b. The elbow is distal to the wrist. c. The elbow is superficial to the wrist. d. The elbow is lateral to the wrist. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 29. A coronal plane or section is another term for a plane. a. sagittal b. midsagittal c. transverse d. frontal ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 30. The muscular sheet called the diaphragm divides the a. right and left pleural cavities. b. thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavities. c. abdominal and pelvic cavities. d. thoracic cavity and mediastinum. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 31. Which is not a part of the upper abdominopelvic region? a. Right hypochondriac region b. Epigastric region c. Hypogastric region d. All of the above are part of the upper abdominopelvic region. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities MATCHING Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. a. Chemical level b. Cellular level c. Tissue level d. Organ level e. System level f. Organism 1. The smallest “living” part of the body 2. A word used to denote a living thing 3. Level that includes atoms and molecules 4. Level made up of groups of tissues working together to perform a task 5. Level that is the most complex unit within the organism 6. Level that is made up of a group of cells working together to perform a task 1. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 2. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 5 TOP: Structural levels of organization 3. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 5 TOP: Structural levels of organization 4. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 5. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. a. Superior b. Anterior c. Medial d. Proximal e. Superficial f. Inferior g. Posterior h. Lateral i. Distal j. Deep 7. Nearer to the surface of the body 8. Toward the head or above 9. Toward the midline of the body 10. Away from the trunk or point of origin 11. Toward the feet or below 12. Toward the back 13. Farther away from the surface of the body 14. Toward the side 15. Toward the front 16. Nearest to the trunk or point of origin 7. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 8. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 9. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 10. ANS: I PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 11. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 12. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 13. ANS: J PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 14. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 15. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 16. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction Match each term with its corresponding definition or description. a. Frontal plane b. Transverse plane c. Sagittal plane d. Diaphragm e. Thoracic cavity f. Abdominopelvic cavity g. Cranial cavity h. Mediastinum 17. A muscular sheet dividing the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities 18. The lower part of the ventral body cavity 19. Divides the body into right and left sides 20. Part of the dorsal cavity that contains the brain 21. Divides the body into upper and lower parts 22. A subdivision of the thoracic cavity 23. Divides the body into front and rear parts 24. Cavity that is subdivided into pleural cavities 17. ANS: D PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 18. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 19. ANS: C PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 20. ANS: G PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 21. ANS: B PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 22. ANS: H PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 23. ANS: A PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 24. ANS: E PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities SHORT ANSWER 1. Explain the difference between anatomy and physiology. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 2. Name and explain the structural levels of organization of the body and give an example of each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: pp. 5-6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 3. Describe the anatomical position. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 4. Define or explain the words “prone” and “supine.” ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 5. Name and describe the three planes or body sections. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 6. Name the two major body cavities, and describe what is in each. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 7. Explain the three parts of a negative feedback loop. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 8. What is meant by a negative feedback loop? Give an example of a negative feedback loop in the body. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 9. What is meant by a positive feedback loop? Give an example of a positive feedback loop in the body. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: pp. 15-16 TOP: The balance of body functions 10. List the anatomical directions, and explain each of them. If there are alternate terms for an anatomical direction, give those terms also. ANS: Answers will vary. PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction TRUE/FALSE 1. Anatomy is defined as the study of the structure of an organism. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 2. The word “dissection” comes from Greek word meaning “cutting up.” ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 3. Anatomy deals with the study of structure, whereas physiology deals with the study of function. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 4. Pathology is the scientific study of disease. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: P. 3 TOP: Introduction 5. A protein molecule is considered to be at the cellular level of organization. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Analysis REF: pp. 5-6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 6. The cell is the simplest level of organization in the human body. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 7. Cells are considered to be the smallest living unit of structure and function in the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 8. A group of cells working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 9. A group of several different tissues working together to perform a specific function is called an organ. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 10. The organ is the highest level of organization in the human body. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 6 TOP: Structural levels of organization 11. Anatomical position is the reference position for the directional terms of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 12. If you like to sleep on your stomach, you prefer sleeping in the supine position. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 13. Doctors recommend putting babies to sleep on their backs to help prevent breathing problems. This is the supine position. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 14. The anatomical position can be described as the body being erect with the arms held at shoulder level with the palms of the hands facing down. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical position 15. The ankle is distal to the knee. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 16. Dorsal and anterior are interchangeable terms when referring to humans. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 17. The lungs are medial to the heart. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 18. The elbow is proximal to the wrist. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 19. The skin is superficial to the muscles. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 20. Proximal and medial are opposite terms. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 21. The knee is distal to the ankle. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 22. The middle toe is medial to the big toe but lateral to the smallest toe. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 7 TOP: Anatomical direction 23. Frontal and coronal sections refer to the same thing. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 24. Sagittal and midsagittal sections refer to the same thing. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 25. A plane dividing a body into upper and lower portions is a transverse plane. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 26. A plane dividing the body into front and back portions is a sagittal plane. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 27. A midsagittal plane divides the right shoulder from the left shoulder. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 28. A transverse plane divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 29. A frontal section divides the eyes from the back of the head. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Planes or body sections 30. The ventral cavity is one of the main cavities of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 31. The mediastinum is a subdivision of the abdominal cavity. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 32. The pleural cavities are subdivisions of the thoracic cavity. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 33. The abdominal cavity is inferior to the thoracic cavity. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 34. The abdominal cavity and the pelvic cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 35. The thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity are separated by a muscle called the diaphragm. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 9 TOP: Body cavities 36. The right hypochondriac region is completely in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities 37. The left hypochondriac region is completely in the left lower quadrant of the abdomen. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities 38. The right lumbar region is superior to the right iliac region. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities 39. The dorsal cavity includes the spinal cavity. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities 40. The brain is located in the dorsal cavity. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 10 TOP: Body cavities 41. Homeostasis is the relative consistency of the internal environment of the body. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 42. One method the body has of maintaining homeostasis is a positive feedback loop. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 43. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that compares the actual condition to the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 44. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that effects a change in the controlled condition is called the effector. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 45. In a feedback loop, the part of the system that detects a change in the controlled condition is called the sensor. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 14 TOP: The balance of body functions 46. A negative feedback loop stimulates and amplifies a change in the internal environment. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 47. A negative feedback loop opposes or negates a change in the internal environment. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 48. The body has more positive feedback loops than negative feedback loops. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 49. The formation of a blood clot is an example of a negative feedback loop. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 16 TOP: The balance of body functions 50. The pH of the body must remain within a very narrow range. It would more likely be controlled by a negative feedback loop. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 51. Women have one more positive feedback loop than do men. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Synthesis REF: p. 15 TOP: The balance of body functions 52. Both the heart and the blood vessels are considered to be organs in the cardiovascular system. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 14 TOP: Structural levels of organization 53. An “L” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Left” or “Lateral” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: T PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 8 TOP: Anatomical direction 54. An “S” on an anatomical compass rosette can stand for “Superior” or “Supine” depending on what is opposite it. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Memorization REF: p. 8 TOP: Anatomical direction 55. When you look at an anatomical compass rosette in the text, the “R” on the rosette is on your right side. ANS: F PTS: 1 DIF: Application REF: p. 8 TOP: Anatomical direction